κόπος
kópos · G2873 · Greek · 18 occurrences
Meanings
-
hard work, toil, labor
Act of engaging in hard work, implying difficulties and trouble
ExamplesJohn 4:38 “I sent you to reap that for which you have not labored; others have labored, and you have come into their labor.”
1 Corinthians 3:8 Now the one who plants and the one who waters are one; but each will receive his own reward according to his own labor.
1 Corinthians 15:58 Therefore, my beloved brothers and sisters, be firm, immovable, always excelling in the work of the Lord, knowing that your labor is not in vain in the Lord.
-
trouble, distress
A state characterized by troubling circumstances
ExamplesMatthew 26:10 But Jesus, aware of this, said to them, “Why are you bothering the woman? For she has done a good deed for Me.
Mark 14:6 But Jesus said, “Leave her alone! Why are you bothering her? She has done a good deed for Me.
Luke 11:7 and from inside he answers and says, ‘Do not bother me; the door has already been shut and my children and I are in bed; I cannot get up and give you anything.’
How it’s used In 6 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
6 occurrences in 4 groups
- ἐγώI, we 2
- σύyou 2
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 2
- ἀγάπηlove 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- ἴδιοςone’s own 1
- ἀλλότριοςbelonging to another 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- γίνομαιto become, to happen, to be 1
What is done to itIt is the object
8 occurrences in 3 groups
- παρέχωto cause, to give, to provide 5
- μνημονεύωto remember, to recall, to think about again 2
- εἴδωto know 1
What it is said to bePredicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- κενόςempty, vain 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
7 occurrences in 4 groups
- ἐνin 6
- εἰςto 2
- ἐκfrom 2
- κατάaccording to, against, down 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 2 words
- עָמָל ʻâmâl · H5999 · labor, toil, hard-earned wealth
- Hebrew עָמָל (ʻâmâl, H5999) denotes toil, labor, and trouble with emphasis on wearisome effort and the pain/misery it produces, serving as the primary LXX semantic equivalent for Greek κόπος (kópos, G2873) which similarly denotes laborious toil and the weariness it causes.
- יְגִיעַ yᵉgîyaʻ · H3018 · toil, labour, hard work
- Both denote toilsome labor that exhausts physical or mental strength, with κόπος (kópos, G2873) emphasizing the wearying effect of exertion and יְגִיעַ (yᵉgîyaʻ, H3018) denoting the effortful work itself.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Trouble, distress22.7
- κόπος can denote trouble or distress caused to another. Matthew 26:10 has Jesus responding to the disciples’ indignation, “Why are you bothering the woman? For she has done a good deed for Me,” the κόπους naming this trouble they were causing her over her act of devotion.
- Hard work, toil, to work hard, to toil, to labor42.47
- The same noun more commonly names hard labor or toil. 2 Corinthians 11:23 has Paul recounting his sufferings as a servant of Christ, “in far more labors, in far more imprisonments, beaten times without number, often in danger of death,” the κόποις naming these many labors he endured.
Word family 27 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon κόπου, ὁ (κόπτω); 1. equivalent to τό κόπτειν, a beating. 2. equivalent to κοπετός, a…
1. equivalent to τό κόπτειν, a beating.
2. equivalent to κοπετός, a beating of the breast in grief, sorrow (Jer 51:33).
3. labor (so the Sept. often for עָמָל), i. e.
a. trouble (Aeschylus, Sophocles): κόπους παρέχειν τίνι, to cause one trouble, make work for him, Mt 26:10; Mk 14:6; Lk 11:7; Gal 6:17; κόπον παρέχειν τίνι, Lk 18:5.
b. intense labor united with trouble, toil. (Euripides, Arstph;, others): universally, plural, 2 Cor 6:5; 2 Cor 11:23; of manual labor, joined with μόχθος ((see below)), 1 Thess 2:9; ἐν κόπῳ καί μόχθῳ (toil and travail), 2 Cor 11:27 (where L T Tr WH omit ἐν); 2 Thess 3:8; of the laborious efforts of Christian virtue, 1 Cor 15:58; Rev 2:2; plural Rev 14:13; ὁ κόπος τῆς ἀγάπης, the labor to which love prompts, and which voluntarily assumes and endures trouble and pains for the salvation of others, 1 Thess 1:3; Heb 6:10 Rec.; of toil in teaching, Jn 4:38 (on which see εἰς, B. I. 3); 1 Thess 3:5; of that which such toil in teaching accomplishes, 1 Cor 3:8; plural 2 Cor 10:15 (cf. Sir. 14:15).
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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