עָוָה

לוּז lûwz · H3868 · to lose sight (of something)

Both lexemes denote moral/ethical deviation or wrongdoing (לוּז (lûwz, H3868) "depart, froward, perverse"; עָוָה (ʻâvâh, H5753) "do amiss, commit iniquity, pervert, do wrong"). They share semantic overlap in describing moral crookedness or perversity, making them plausible near-synonyms in the domain of ethical/moral wrongdoing. The domain sizes (11 and 17) are moderate and not excessively generic.

שָׁגָה shâgâh · H7686 · to stray, to wander, to misdirect

עָוָה (ʻâvâh, H5753) (picturing deviation as being crooked, bent, or perverted) and שָׁגָה (“to wander, go astray”) both denote deviation from a proper course or standard, expressed through different metaphorical images, in the sense of moral deviation.

עָקַשׁ ʻâqash · H6140 · to be crooked in (one's) behavior, to prove to be evil

Both words denote moral perversion and crookedness in a figurative sense, doing wrong or acting perversely. עָוָה (ʻâvâh, H5753) has a broader range (including physical bowing and various forms of wrongdoing), but the core sense of making crooked or perverse is shared.

עָוַת ʻâvath · H5791 · to make crooked, to falsify

The target lexeme and עָוַת both denote making or doing something crooked or perverse, expressing moral distortion or wrongdoing, and are genuine same-language near-synonyms.

עֲוַל ʻăval · H5765 · to act wrongfully, to suckle, to nurse

The target lexeme has a broad semantic range including physical crookedness and moral perversion, while עוֹל (rare) focuses narrowly on unjust dealing; despite the target lexeme’s wider range, the two overlap genuinely in the core sense of wrongdoing or injustice, and are near-synonyms in that shared space.

פָּשַׁע pâshaʻ · H6586 · to rebel, to revolt, to transgress

Both words denote moral wrongdoing and sin, involving transgression or doing wrong.

רָעַע râʻaʻ · H7489 · to act wickedly, to do wickedness, to do evil

The target lexeme (‘do wickedly, wrong, iniquity’) and רָעַע (‘do evil, afflict’) describe genuinely overlapping senses of moral or ethical wrongdoing, and are near-synonyms in the sphere of wrongdoing or evil action.

ἀδικέω adikéō · G91 · to harm, to hurt, to act unjustly

ἀδικέω (adikéō, G91) serves as the standard Greek rendering of עָוָה (ʻâvâh, H5753) in LXX contexts where the Hebrew conveys moral wrongdoing or acting unjustly, both terms denoting the commission of iniquity or perverse action against what is right.

Shape002001001052

A broader attested sense of making something physically crooked or bent, not directly shown by the wrongdoing-related citations sampled here.

Stance002001001061

A broader attested sense of bowing down, not directly shown by the citations sampled here.

Afraid002001002001

A broader attested sense connected to this verb, not directly shown by the citations sampled here.

Evil002001002007

One clearly attested sense, moral perverseness, as when Saul rebukes Jonathan as the son of a perverse, rebellious woman.

Wrong002001003019

The same moral crookedness viewed as wrongdoing, as when David confesses that he alone has sinned and done wrong.

Sin002003003018

The same confession viewed specifically as sin against the LORD, as in Solomon's anticipated prayer of Israel's exiles confessing they have sinned and done wrong.

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.