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Word

עָוַת

ʻâvath · H5791 · Hebrew · 11 occurrences

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Meanings

  1. to make crooked

    Causative action by which someone causes something to be bent or twisted out of shape or position

    Examples

    Ecclesiastes 7:13 Consider the work of God, For who is able to straighten what He has bent?

  2. to falsify

    Causative action by which humans cause an object that used to work correctly to function incorrectly

    Examples

    Amos 8:5 saying, “When will the new moon be over, So that we may sell grain; And the Sabbath, so that we may open the wheat market, To make the ephah smaller and the shekel bigger, And to cheat with dishonest scales,

  3. to make tortuous

    Causative action by which someone turns conditions that ought to be successful and prosperous into suffering

    Examples

    Psalm 146:9 The LORD watches over strangers; He supports the fatherless and the widow, But He thwarts the way of the wicked.

How it’s used In 6 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

10 occurrences in 8 groups

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

8 occurrences in 6 groups

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

1 occurrences in 1 groups

With adverbsAdverbs

1 occurrences in 1 groups

What it doesIt is the subject

1 occurrences in 1 groups

What is done to itIt is the object

2 occurrences in 2 groups

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 3 words
נָטָה nâṭâh · H5186 · to be bowed, to be leaning, to bend
נָטָה is primarily a spatial or physical verb (“bow, extend, stretch, incline”) with a metaphorical extension to moral declension (“decline, turn aside”), while עָוַת (ʻâvath, H5791) focuses on perversion or distortion (“make crooked, pervert, falsify, subvert”); they overlap in the narrow sense of morally turning aside or perverting justice or truth.
עָוָה ʻâvâh · H5753 · to twist, to be bowed down
The target lexeme and עָוָה both denote making or doing something crooked or perverse, expressing moral distortion or wrongdoing, and are genuine same-language near-synonyms.
עָקַשׁ ʻâqash · H6140 · to be crooked in (one's) behavior, to prove to be evil
Both words denote moral or ethical perversion, making something crooked or twisted, distinct Hebrew roots with overlapping sense that could substitute in context.
Semantic domains 5 entries
Shape002001001052
עָוַת denotes bending, twisting, or making crooked, illustrated at Ecclesiastes 1:15 ("what is crooked cannot be straightened") and Psalm 146:9 ("He thwarts the way of the wicked," literally twists/subverts it), the physical-shape sense underlying its more frequent figurative "pervert (justice)" use (Job 8:3, 34:12).
Bad002001001006
עָוַת (ʻâvath, H5791) means "to pervert, distort, make crooked." The quotation "Does God pervert justice? Or does the Almighty pervert what is right" at Job 8:3 shows this sense, which does not independently attest the "Bad" domain; that classification is bundle-shared with עוּת (ʻûwth, H5790) in the source data and is not confirmed by this lexeme's own occurrences.
Unsafe002003003022
עָוַת (ʻâvath, H5791) means "to pervert, distort, make crooked." The quotation "Does God pervert justice? Or does the Almighty pervert what is right" at Job 8:3 shows this sense, which does not independently attest the "Unsafe" domain; that classification is bundle-shared with עוּת (ʻûwth, H5790) in the source data and is not confirmed by this lexeme's own occurrences.
Wrong002001003019
The word most often describes perverting justice, as in Job 8:3's "Does God pervert justice?" and Job 34:12's "the Almighty will not pervert justice."
Confident002001002003
This lexeme's tagged occurrences (Job 8:3, 34:12, Psalm 146:9) describe perverting or subverting justice and a person's way; this Confident domain code is bundle-shared alongside that sense and carries no tagged occurrence of עָוַת (ʻâvath, H5791) independently attesting a confidence sense.
Word family 2 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

עָוַתʻâvath · H5791עַוָּתָה ʻavvâthâh · H5792 · wrong (committed by one human to another) · 1×
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5791. avath [עָוַת] verb be bent, crooked (Late Hebrew id., Pi`el, Nithpa`el; Aramaic…
H5791. avath
[עָוַת] verb be bent, crooked (Late Hebrew id., Pi`el, Nithpa`el; Aramaic עַוֵּית Pa`el; compare , deceive PS3008); —
Pi`el Perfect3masculine singular suffix עִוְּתָ֑נִי Job 19:6, עִוְּתוֺ Ecc 7:13; Ecc 7:3plural suffix עִוְּתוּנִי Psa 119:78; Imperfect3masculine singular יְעַוֵּת Psa 146:9; Job 8:3, יְעַוֶּתֿ Job 8:3; Infinitive לְעַוֵּת Amo 8:5; Lam 3:22; —
1. a. make crooked = falsify, scales Amo 8:5; pervert justice (צֶדֶק מִשְׁמָּט,) Job 8:3 (twice in verse); Job 34:12 (all God subject); with accusative of person subvert (i.e. deprive of justice), ׳לְע בְּרִיבוֺ אָדָם Lam 3:36, compare Psa 119:78; so עִוְּתָ֑נִי Job 19:6 (׳י subject).
2 bend, make crooked, רְשָׁעִים דֶּרֶךְ Psa 146:9 (׳י subject); in General Ecc 7:13 (God subject; opposed to תִּקֵּן).
Pu`al Participle מְעֻוָּת Ecc 1:15 what is bent (opposed to תְּקֹן).
Hithpa`el Perfect3plural consecutive וְהִתְעַוְּתוּ Ecc 12:3 and the strong men bend themselves.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0

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