שָׁגָה
shâgâh · H7686 · Hebrew · 21 occurrences
Meanings
-
to stray, to wander
Action by which animals move about without apparent purpose or destination
ExamplesEzekiel 34:6 “My flock strayed through all the mountains and on every high hill; My flock was scattered over all the surface of the earth, and there was no one to search or seek for them.”’”
-
to misdirect
Causative action by which humans cause other humans to go in the wrong direction
ExamplesDeuteronomy 27:18 ‘Cursed is one who misleads a person who is blind on the road.’ And all the people shall say, ‘Amen.’
-
to stray, to stagger
Action by which humans move about unsteadily and without sense of direction
ExamplesIsaiah 28:7 And these also reel with wine and stagger from intoxicating drink: The priest and the prophet reel with intoxicating drink, They are confused by wine, they stagger from intoxicating drink; They reel while having visions, They stagger when rendering a verdict.
-
to err, to go astray
Action by which humans act wrongly, though without the intention to do so
ExamplesLeviticus 4:13 ‘Now if the entire congregation of Israel does wrong unintentionally and the matter escapes the notice of the assembly, and they commit any of the things which the LORD has commanded not to be done, and they become guilty;
Job 12:16 “Strength and sound wisdom are with Him. One who goes astray and one who leads astray belong to Him.
Numbers 15:22 ‘But when you unintentionally do wrong and fail to comply with all these commandments which the LORD has spoken to Moses,
How it’s used In 9 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
19 occurrences in 12 groups
- Not stated (participle) 5
- Not stated: I 3
- Not stated: you (one person) 3
- Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (9) 9
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- יָשָׁרupright, right 1
- עִוֵּרblind 1
- נִיme 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
13 occurrences in 12 groups
- Other words · 12 groups that occur once or twice (14) 14
With adverbsAdverbs
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- אַלnot, do not 1
- רָבָהto increase 1
- תָּמִידalways 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- זֵדpresumptuous 1
What it doesIt is the subject
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- חָכַםto be able 1
- אָרַרto curse 1
What is done to itIt is the object
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- סָלָהto reject 1
- בִּיןto understand, to discern 1
What it is said to bePredicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- וֹhim 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- לto/for 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- עָוָה ʻâvâh · H5753 · to twist, to be bowed down
- Both lexemes denote deviation from a proper course or standard, conceptualized through different metaphorical bases (עָוָה (ʻâvâh, H5753): crooked/bent/perverted; שָׁגָה (shâgâh, H7686): wandering/going astray).
- שָׁגַג shâgag · H7683 · to err, to go astray
- Both denote erring or going astray, and sinning through ignorance. They are distinct roots describing similar concepts of unintentional error or sin.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Move002002001012
- Deuteronomy 27:18 pronounces a curse on one "who misleads a person who is blind on the road," using this word of leading someone physically astray.
- Unsteady002001001067
- This word's "wander" sense denotes an unsteady, off-course path, a shade the sampled citations (which chiefly show its "sin unintentionally" use) do not themselves directly illustrate.
- Sin002003003018
- 1 Samuel 26:21 has Saul confess, "I have sinned... and have made a very great mistake," and Numbers 15:22 speaks of the congregation who "unintentionally do wrong," both directly attesting the unwitting sin this word denotes.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H7686. shagah [שָׁגָה] verb go astray, err (Aramaic שְׁגָא, id.); — Qal Perfect1singular…
[שָׁגָה] verb go astray, err (Aramaic שְׁגָא, id.); —
Qal Perfect1singular שָׁגִיתִי Job 6:24; Job 19:4, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִשְׁגֶּה Pro 5:23, etc.; Infinitive construct שְׁגוֺת Pro 19:27; Participle שֹׁגֶה Eze 45:20; Pro 20:1, etc.; —
1 err, stray, of flock Eze 34:6 (figurative).
2 swerve, meander, reel or roll, in drunkenness, ב of drink Isa 28:7 (twice in verse); = be intoxicated, Pro 20:1; so with (בּ) love Pro 5:19-20, ׳שׁ בָּרֹאֶה Isa 28:7.
3 go astay, morally, 1Sa 26:21; Pro 5:23; Job 6:24; Job 19:4, + 1Sa 14:24 (reading ׳שׁ שְׁגָגָה) Th We Dr Now (after ᵐ5; otherwise Bu HPS); with מן, of ׳יs commands Psa 119:21; Psa 119:118, מִן of words of knowledge Pro 19:27.
4 specifically commit sin of ignorance, inadvertence Lev 4:13; Num 15:22 (P) Eze 45:20 (compare שׁגג).
Hiph`il lead astray:
1 literal, Participle מַשְׁגֶּה Deu 27:18 (בַּדֶּרֶךְ).
2 ׳מַשׁ mentally = mislead Job 12:16.
3 morally, Participle Pro 28:10 (רָ֑ע בְּדֶרֶךְ); Imperfect2masculine singular suffix תַּשְׁגֵּנִי, with מן of God's commands Psa 119:10; + perhaps Job 12:23 leadeth nations astray (ᵐ5 SvrVer, i.e. וַיַּשְׁגֵּם for וַיַּנְחֵם).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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