כֵּן

H3651. ken
I. כֵּן adjective right, veritable, honest (properly firm, upright; Syriac recte PS1662) — absolute כֵּן Exo 10:29 + (on possibly construct see
2 near the end); plural כֵּנִים Gen 42:11, Gen 42:19, Gen 42:31, Gen 42:33, Gen 42:34; —
1 right, usually indecl., often as substantive a right thing, especially with vbb. dicendi Exo 10:29 (J) דִּבַּרְתָּ כֵּן, Num 27:7 דֹּבְרֹת כֵּן, Num 36:5 (both P); יַאֲרִיךְ כֵּן Pro 28:2 (the) right (i.e. order and justice) shall last long (see De Now VB); = adverb aright, of pronunciation Jdg 12:6; also with verb agendi Ecc 8:10 (on Isa 33:23 see III. כֵּן below כנן); right well Psa 65:10; (Che; al. = so); with לֹא, as adjective, not right לֹאכֵֿן אֲשֶׁר דְּבָרִים 2Ki 17:9 things which were not right (verb agendi); of heart of a fool Pro 15:7; Jer 23:10; as substantive = what is not right, upright Jer 8:6; with verb agendi לֹאכֵֿן 2Ki 7:9 that which is not right we are doing, Jer 48:30 b.
2 veritable, true, כֵּןצְֿדָקָה Pro 11:19 the veritable of righteousness = true righteousness; Isa 16:6 = Jer 48:30 a may be either their boastings are not true or (Thes Che Di Du Gr Gie and others) the untruth of their boastings (לֹאכֵֿן as compound construct); absolute, in assent to something already said, Right! Correct! True! Jos 2:4.
3 plural concrete honest (men) Gen 42:11, Gen 42:19, Gen 42:31, Gen 42:33, Gen 42:34 (all E). — II. כֵּן thus, so, see below; III. כֵּן place, base, see below כנן; IV. [כֵּן], כִּנָּם כִּנִּם,, see below כנן.
I. כֵּן adverb so (PH. Late Hebrew ᵑ7 id.; Syriac is then, Arabic , , but: probably from the demonstrative √ ka, found in כִּי etc., Köii. 1, 254); (הִיא) כֶּןהֿוּא Gen 44:10 Gen 44:4t.: — so (i.e. usually, as has been described or commanded, with reference to what has preceded), mostly of manner, but sometimes also of quantity, quality, or degree:
1. a. Jdg 5:31 יאבדו כן so perish thy enemies, Job 5:27 הִיאכֶּןֿ, Job 8:13 אל שׁכחי כל ארחות כן, Pro 6:29; Pro 8:13; 2Sa 16:23; Isa 36:6; Isa 47:15 לך היו כן, Num 13:33 בעיניהם היינו וכן; Num 9:16 תמיד יהיה כָן Exo 10:14 (twice in verse) וג ארבה׳כמהו כן היה לא (i. e. in such numbers), 1Ki 10:12 בא לא אלמגים עצי כן, 1Ki 10:20; 2Ch 1:12 (twice in verse), Jdg 21:14 מצאו כןולא להם and they did not suffice for them so (namely in such numbers of them as there were); 1Ki 6:26 השׁני הכרוב וכן, Eze 41:7; ל ׳וכן Exo 27:11; 1Ki 10:29; Eze 40:16; 2Ch 35:12, compare 1Ch 23:30; ל ׳כן Exo 25:33 (compare Exo 26:24), Jos 21:40.
b. the force of כֵּן has sometimes to be elicited from the context : 1Ki 2:7 אלי קרבו כן כי (that is, with kindness such as that enjoined in va), 1Ki 20:40 משׁפטך כן, Jer 14:10 אהבו לנועכן (i.e. not less than ׳י has withdrawn from them Jer 14:9, Gf Ke; Gie proposes אָכֵן), Psalm 61:9 אֲזַמְּרָה שִׁמְךָכֵּן (Hi כְּצִדְקְךָ, implied in Jer 14:6-8), Psa 63:3 בַּקֹּדֶשׁ חֲזִיתִךָכֵּן (that is, with the longings of Psa 63:2), Psa 63:5 בְחַיָּיכֵּן אֲבָרֶכְךָ (that is חַסְדְּךָ כְּרֹב Psa 63:4), Psa 65:10 תְּכִינֶהָ כֵן כִּי (i.e. so Generously, Psa 65:10), Psa 90:12 הוֺדַע כֵּן יָמֵינוּ לִמְנוֺת (Hi י ׳כְּיִרְאַת Psa 90:11), Psa 127:2 שֵׁנָא לִידִידוֺ יִתֵּן כֵּן (that is, as abundantly; but Che אָכֵן), Pro 24:14 (see Pro 24:13), Isa 52:14 מַרְאֵהוּ מֵאִישׁ מִשְׁחַת כֵּן (sufficiently to justify רבים עליך שׁממו).
c. כן occurs frequently in particular phrases, as (a) with הָיָה, especially כן ויהי and it was so Gen 1:7, Gen 1:9, Gen 1:11 +, 2Ki 2:10 if thou seest me taken from thee כן יהילֿך let it be to thee so (that is, as thou desirest), 2Ki 7:20, with עשׂה (especially וַיַּעֲשׂוּ וַיַּעַשׂ,) Gen 29:28; Gen 42:20; Gen 45:21 + often, Jdg 7:16 תִּרְאוּ תַּעֲשׂוּמִמֶּנִּי וְכֵן, + ׳ל Gen 42:25 כן להם ויעשׂ, Exo 22:29; Exo 23:11 ל תעשׂה ׳כן, Deu 22:3; 2Sa 12:31; 1Ki 11:8 (compare 1Ki 6:33; 1Ki 7:18); Gen 29:26 במקומנו כן יֵעָשֶׂה לא, Gen 34:7; 2Sa 13:12; rarer usages, כֵּן דִּבֶּר Exo 6:9, כן אמר 1Ki 22:8, אמרתם כֵּן Eze 11:5; Eze 33:10, י יאֹמַר כֵּן ׳אָמֵן 1Ki 1:36 (compare Jer 28:6), כֵּן יֹדֵעַ אבי שׁאול וגם 1Sa 23:17; כֵּן אָהֵב (idiomatic) to love (it) so, Jer 5:31; Amo 4:5; (b) Gen 50:3 כן כי החנֻטים ימי ימלאו (compare Jdg 14:10; 2Sa 13:18; Est 2:12); (c) alone, כֵּן אִם if it be so Gen 25:22; Gen 43:11; כִּיכֵֿןוַיִּרְאוּ 1Sa 5:7, כִּיכֵֿן יָדַעְתִּי Job 9:2; (d) כן לא not so (namely as has been described or implied), with a substantive Num 12:7 משׁה עבדי כן לא, 2Sa 20:21; 2Sa 23:5; Psa 1:4; Job 9:35b עמדי אנכי כילֿאכֿן not so am I with myself (i.e. I am not conscious of being one who would fear him, va), with a verb Deu 18:14 י לך נתן כן ׳לא ואתה (not so, — namely as implied in va), 2Sa 18:14; Isa 10:7 יחשׁב כן לא יְדַמֶּה, כן לא, absolute Gen 48:18 אבי כן לא, Exo 10:11.
2 Often, to emphasize the agreement, in answer to כְּ, and כַּאֲשֶׁר: namely
a. כֵּן ֗֗֗ כְּ, (a) Gen 44:10 = Jos 2:21 כֶּןהֿוּא כדבריכם according to your words, so be it, 1Sa 25:25 כֶּןהֿוּא כשׁמו כי, Psa 48:11; Pro 23:7 כֶּןהֿוּא (after conjunction כְּמוֺ), Eze 42:11 רָחְבָּן כֵּן כְּאָרְכָּן; (b) Lev 27:12 יִהְיֶה כֵּן כְּעֶרְכְּךָ, 2Sa 13:35; Num 8:4; Num 9:14; Num 15:20; Deu 8:20; Jdg 11:10, so after כְּפִי Num 6:21; (c) ֗֗֗ כֵּן ֗֗֗ כְּכֹל 1Sa 8:8; 2Sa 7:17; Jer 42:5; (d) in similes, (a) 2Sa 14:17 הא המלךכמלאך ׳אדני כן, Jer 18:6; Psa 123:2; Psa 127:4; Pro 10:26; Pro 26:8, Pro 26:19; Pro 27:8, Pro 27:19; Son 2:2-3, (β) Joe 2:4 יְרוּצוּן כֵּן כְּפָרָשִׁים, Isa 31:5; Isa 38:14; Psa 103:15; Pro 26:1-2, (γ) Psa 42:2 וג כן׳נפשׁי ֗֗֗ תערג כאיל like the hind which etc., Psa 83:16; Isa 61:11; Isa 63:14; Job 7:3, so after כמו Isa 26:17; (δ) Jer 2:26 הוֺבִישׁוּכְּבשֶׁת כֵּן ֗֗֗ גַּנָּב, Jer 6:7; Jer 34:5 (read כְּמשׂרפות), Eze 22:22 (compare Eze 22:20), Eze 23:44; Eze 34:12; compare (of degree) Eze 35:15 (omitted by ᵐ5 Co), Hos 4:7 לִי חָָֽטְאוּ כֵּן כְּרֻבָּם. Of time (un-common) 1Sa 9:13 אֹתוֺ תִּמְצְאוּן כֵּן הָעִיר כְּבֹאֲכֶם.
b. Ezr 10:12 לעשׂות עלינו כדבריך כן.
c. כַּאֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ כֵּן ֗֗֗, (a) Exo 7:6 י צוה ׳כאשׁר עשׂו כן, Exo 12:28, Exo 12:50; Exo 39:43 (compare Exo 27:8), Num 8:22 (compare Num 5:4), Numbers 17:26; Num 36:10; Jos 14:5 (all P); Gen 41:13 היה כן פתר כאשׁר, Jos 10:1, Jos 10:39; Jos 11:15; Jdg 1:7; Jdg 15:11b Psa 48:9; (b) (frequently) Num 2:17 יַחֲנוּ יִסָּ֑עוּכאשׁר כֵּן, Exo 1:12 (of degree = the more . . . the more) יִפְרֹץ וְכֵן יִרְבֶּה כֵּן אֹתוֺ יְעַנּוּ כַּאֲשֶׁר; (c) Gen 6:22 עשׂהככל כן אלהים אתו צוה אשׁר, Exo 39:32, Exo 39:42; Exo 40:16; Num 1:54; Num 2:34; Num 8:20; Num 9:5 (all P), compare Exo 25:9 (וְכֵן), simil. 2Sa 9:11; 2Ki 16:11, compare Jos 1:17; Jer 42:20; (d) Exo 27:8 יעשׂוכאשׁר כן אתך הֶרְאָה, 2Sa 16:19; 1Ki 2:38; Isa 20:4; Isa 52:14f.; with the same verb repeated Lev 24:19-20, Deu 28:63 ישׂישׂ כן ֗֗֗ שׂשׂ כאשׁר, Jos 23:15; 1Sa 15:33; 1Sa 26:24; 1Ki 1:37; Isa 10:11; Jer 5:19; Jer 31:28; Jer 32:42; Jer 42:18; Eze 12:11; Eze 20:36; Zec 7:13; Pro 24:29; Num 14:28 כן דברתם כאשׁר לא אעשׂהאם, Isa 14:24, so after הלא Isa 10:11, after asseverative כי 2Sa 3:9; 1Ki 1:30; so שֶׁ ׳כָּלעֻֿמַּת כֵּן ֗֗֗ Ecc 5:15; (e) Jdg 7:17b תעשׂון כן אעשׂה כאשׁר, Lev 27:14; Num 15:14, compare Jer 39:12; (f) in similes, Deu 12:22; Deu 22:26; Amo 3:12; Isa 65:8; Jer 13:11.
d. ֗֗֗ כאשׁר כן, (a) Exo 7:10 י צוה כאשׁר כן ׳ויעשׂו, Exo 7:20; Jos 4:8; 2Sa 5:25; Eze 12:7, compare Gen 50:12; Num 8:3; iron. Amo 5:14 י כן יהי ׳אמרתם כאשׁר אתּכם, Exo 10:10; (b) Gen 18:5 דברת כאשׁר תעשׂה כן, Neh 5:12. — Occasionally in poetry כאשׁר is not expressed : Isa 54:9 (De), Isa 55:9; Jer 3:20; Job 7:9; Hos 11:2 מפניהם הלכו כן להם קראו (of degree: so = in the same proportion), Psa 48:6 תמהו כן ראו המה (i.e. in the same measure that they saw); Jer 33:22 (according to many, but dubious; read probably כאשׁר Gie) it is represented by אשׁר (so Isa 54:9 Hi Ew Di): Jdg 5:15 כ is not expressed. — Nah 1:12 is probably corrupt; Zec 11:11 for עניי כן read כְּנַעֲנֵי. — כָּזֹאת כָּכָה, כֹּה, are synonyms, but differ considerably in usage.
3 With prepositions: —
a. מֵאַחֲרֵיכֵֿן אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן, אַחַרכֵּֿן,, literally after so, i.e. afterwards: see אַחַר.
b. בְּכֵן (late), literally in such circumstances, i.e. thereupon, then, Ecc 8:10; Est 4:16 (בְּכֵין ᵑ7 often for אָז; e.g. Exo 15:1; SyrJerusalem = τότε).
c. כֵּןכְּמוֺֿ Isa 51:6, according to some, like so, i.e. (Vrss Rabb) in like manner, or (De) like this (accompanied by a contemptuous gesture) = like a mere nothing: but see IV. כֵּן.
d. לָכֵן200 according to such conditions, that being so, therefore Num 16:11; 1Sa 27:6; Psa 16:9; Psa 73:6; Psa 73:10; especially in prophets, where it often introduces, after statement of the grounds, a divine declaration or command: Jdg 10:13; 2Ki 1:6; Amo 4:12; Isa 5:13-14, Isa 5:24; Isa 7:14; Isa 10:16; Isa 16:7; Isa 27:9; Jer 6:15; Jer 8:10 etc.; י אמר כה ׳לכן 2Ki 21:12; Isa 10:24; Isa 28:16; Isa 29:22; Isa 30:12; Isa 37:33; Jer 5:14; Jer 6:21 + often; followed by האדון נאם Isa 1:24; י ׳נאם 1Sa 2:30; Jer 2:9; י נאם באים ימים הנה ׳לכן Jer 7:32; Jer 16:14; Jer 19:6 +; י נאם אני חי ׳לכן Eze 5:11; Eze 35:6, Eze 35:11; Zep 2:9; לכן ֗֗֗ הנני 1Ki 14:10; Hos 2:8; Hos 2:16; Isa 29:14; Jer 16:21; Eze 16:37; Eze 22:19; b Eze 25:4, Eze 25:7, Eze 25:9 +; אֱמֹר לכן Exo 6:6; Num 25:12 (both P), Eze 11:16-17, Eze 14:6; Eze 20:30; Eze 33:25; Eze 36:22; דַּבֵּר לָכֵן Eze 14:4; Eze 20:27; הִנָּכֵא לָכֵן Eze 11:4; Eze 36:3, Eze 36:6; Eze 37:12; Eze 38:14; . . . . שִׁמְעוּ לָכֵן Isa 28:14; Isa 51:21; Jer 6:18; Jer 44:26 +. In answer to יען, Num 20:12 (P), 1Ki 14:10; 2Ki 1:16; 2Ki 21:12; 2Ki 22:20; Isa 29:14; Isa 30:13; Jer 19:6 +, Eze 5:8; Eze 13:23 +; so, once, וְלָכֵן Isa 8:7; to כי Isa 28:16; Jer 35:17; על Jer 9:14; אם Jer 23:38; Jer 42:15. Special usages: — (a) idiomatic, in conversation, in reply to an objection, to state the ground upon which the answer is made; Gen 4:15 therefore — this being so — whoso killeth Cain, etc., Gen 30:15; Jdg 8:7; Jdg 11:8; 1Sa 28:2; 1Ki 22:19; Job 20:2 (ᵐ5 in Genesis Kings Job, not perceiving the idiom, renders οὐχοὕτως (as though לאכֿן): so also strangely, elsewhere, as 1Sa 3:14;