חָרוֹן
chârôwn · H2740 · Hebrew · 41 occurrences
Meanings
-
withered, dry
Process by which objects become extremely dry and therefore highly inflammable
ExamplesPsalm 58:9 Before your pots can feel the fire of thorns He will sweep them away with a whirlwind, the green and the burning alike.
-
anger
Literally: kindling of anger; hence: process by which the anger of deities is aroused like a fire that is kindled
ExamplesExodus 32:12 “Why should the Egyptians talk, saying, ‘With evil motives He brought them out, to kill them on the mountains and to destroy them from the face of the earth’? Turn from Your burning anger and relent of doing harm to Your people.
Joshua 7:26 Then they erected over him a large heap of stones that stands to this day, and the LORD turned from the fierceness of His anger. Therefore the name of that place has been called the Valley of Achor to this day.
1 Samuel 28:18 “Just as you did not obey the LORD and did not execute His fierce wrath on Amalek, so the LORD has done this thing to you this day.
-
anger
Process by which deities experience extreme displeasure, described as an internal fire
ExamplesExodus 15:7 “And in the greatness of Your excellence You overthrow those who rise up against You; You send out Your burning anger, and it consumes them like chaff.
Nehemiah 13:18 “Did your fathers not do the same, so that our God brought on us and on this city all this trouble? Yet you are adding to the wrath against Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”
Psalm 2:5 Then He will speak to them in His anger And terrify them in His fury, saying,
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
38 occurrences in 5 groups
- אַףanger, nose 33
- ךָyour 2
- יָנָהto oppress 1
- יmy 1
- הוּhis 1
Named alongside itApposition
3 occurrences in 5 groups
- זַעַםanger 2
- מִשְׁלַחַתdischarge 1
- עֶבְרָהwrath 1
- צָרָהtrouble, distress 1
- רַעevil, bad 1
What it doesIt is the subject
8 occurrences in 4 groups
- שׁוּבto return, to turn back 5
- נָשַׂגto overtake, to catch up with, to afford 1
- עָבַרto pass 1
- בּוֹאto come, to go in, to bring 1
What is done to itIt is the object
8 occurrences in 5 groups
- שָׁלַחto send, to send away 3
- עָשָׂהto do, to make 2
- יָסַףto add 1
- שׁוּבto return, to turn back 1
- שָׁפַךְto pour out, to shed 1
What it is said to bePredicate
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- הָמוֹןmultitude, tumult, abundance 2
- יִשְׂרָאֵלIsrael 1
- כֶםyou 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
12 occurrences in 4 groups
- מִןfrom 16
- בin/on/with 4
- עַלon, upon, over, against 2
- כְּמוֹas, like 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
6 occurrences in 2 groups
- פָּנִיםface, presence, before 4
- יוֹםday, time 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 5 words
- זַעַם zaʻam · H2195 · anger, wrath
- Both words denote intense anger or wrath and could substitute for one another in expressing fierce anger or indignation.
- זַעַף zaʻaph · H2197 · rage, raging
- Both words are nouns for anger and wrath, describing intense divine or human fury; The second word is also glossed "rage, raging."
- עֶבְרָה ʻebrâh · H5678 · wrath, anger, fury
- Both words denote divine or intense anger and wrath, with closely related concepts (fierce wrath and rage or wrath).
- קֶצֶף qetseph · H7110 · anger, wrath, splinter
- Both words denote fierce anger and wrath, whether divine or human, with closely overlapping senses (חָרוֹן (chârôwn, H2740), "fierce wrath"; קֶצֶף (qetseph, H7110), "indignation, wrath"), and could substitute for each other in many contexts of anger.
- כַּעַס kaʻaç · H3708 · vexation, grief, anger
- Both lexemes denote anger/wrath concepts with substantial gloss overlap ("anger," "wrath," "fury") and belong to the same semantic domain. The pairing represents real same-language synonymy.
In the other Testament 2 words
- ὀργή orgḗ · G3709 · anger, fury, to punish
- Greek ὀργή (orgḗ, G3709) renders Hebrew חָרוֹן (chârôwn, H2740) as the standard Septuagint equivalent for intense divine or human wrath, capturing the semantic overlap of fierce anger and fury across both testaments.
- θυμός thymós · G2372 · anger, fury, wrath
- Greek θυμός captures the passionate, heated emotional intensity of Hebrew חָרוֹן (burning anger/wrath), though θυμός has broader semantic range (any intense passion) while חָרוֹן is specifically divine or righteous fierce anger.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Dry002001001021
- This code is shared with the broader semantic range of this root's use for burning heat rather than independently attested among this entry's own occurrences, which describe wrath and fury.
- Happen002002003003
- The word denotes anger arising or coming upon someone, as in Exodus 32:12's plea for the LORD's burning anger to turn away.
- Angry002001002002
- The word denotes burning anger or fierce wrath, as in Exodus 15:7's and Numbers 25:4's repeated references to the LORD's burning anger.
Word family 5 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H2740. charon חָרוֺן noun masculine (burning of) anger (compare LagBN 204 Anm. * *) — ׳ח…
חָרוֺן noun masculine (burning of) anger (compare LagBN 204 Anm. * *) — ׳ח Eze 7:12 Eze 7:2t.; construct חֲרוֺן Num 25:4 33t.; suffix חֲרוֺנִי Eze 7:14 (Co חרון), חֲרוֺגוֺ Psa 2:5; חֲרֹנְךָ Exo 15:7; plural suffix חֲרוֺנֶי֑ךָ Psa 88:17; — always of God's anger (see note, below), אף חֲרוֺן Exo 32:12; Num 25:4; Num 32:14; Jos 7:26 (J), Deu 13:18; 1Sa 28:18; 2Ki 23:26; 2Ch 28:11, 2Ch 28:13; 2Ch 29:10; 2Ch 30:8; Ezr 10:14; Hos 11:9; Nah 1:6; Zep 2:2; Zep 3:8; Isa 13:9, Isa 13:13; Jer 4:8, Jer 4:26; Jer 12:13; Jer 25:37-38, Jer 30:24; Jer 49:37; Jer 51:45; Jon 3:9; Psa 69:25; Psa 78:49; Psa 85:4; Job 20:23; Lam 1:12; Lam 4:11; אף omitted, Exo 15:7 (song), Neh 13:18; Psa 2:5; Eze 7:12 (strike out Co), Eze 7:14; plural bursts of burning anger Psa 88:17. —
Note: כְּמוֺחָֿרוֺן Psa 58:10 burning anger ᵑ9 ᵐ5 Jerome AV Bae Che; but Thes MV SS DeW Ew Ol Pe, something burning, e.g. thorns, antith. green thorns; Hengst De cooked flesh, antith. raw; Jer 25:38 ח ׳מפני הַיּוֺנָה because of the fierceness of the oppressor (? AV) would then be the only use of the word of other than God's anger; here ᵑ7 ᵐ5 Ew Hi Gf Ke Che Gie RV rightly read חרב oppressing sword (as Jer 46:16; Jer 50:16). חרון is not used in H P D2 or E (except song, Exo 15:7) of the Hexateuch; nor in Ezekiel except Eze 7:12 (strike out Co), Eze 7:14.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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