כַּעַס
kaʻaç · H3708 · Hebrew · 25 occurrences
Meanings
-
vexation, grief, anger
State in which human experience displeasure, which is said to reside in their heart and is caused by their own condition or by someone else
ExamplesProverbs 17:25 A foolish son is a grief to his father, And bitterness to her who gave birth to him.
Ecclesiastes 1:18 Because in much wisdom there is much grief; and increasing knowledge results in increasing pain.
-
provocation, vexation, taunt
Causative action by which humans cause (other) humans or deities to experience displeasure by their words or behavior
Examples1 Kings 15:30 and because of the sins of Jeroboam which he committed, and into which he misled Israel, because of his provocation with which he provoked the LORD God of Israel to anger.
How it’s used In 8 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
10 occurrences in 8 groups
- יmy 2
- ךָyour 2
- הוּhis 2
- בֵּןson 1
- בַּתdaughter 1
- אֱוִילfoolish 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
3 occurrences in 1 groups
- כַּעַסto provoke to anger 3
What it doesIt is the subject
4 occurrences in 4 groups
- הָרַגto kill 1
- יָדַעto know 1
- נוּחַto rest, to put, to leave 1
- שָׁקַלto weigh out 1
What is done to itIt is the object
6 occurrences in 6 groups
- גּוּרto sojourn 1
- נָבַטto look 1
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 1
- סוּרto turn aside, to depart, to remove 1
- פָּרַרto break, to annul 1
- רָבָהto increase 1
What it is said to bePredicate
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- טוֹבgood 1
- כָּבֵדheavy 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- בֵּןson 1
- עִנְיָןbusiness 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
8 occurrences in 4 groups
- מִןfrom 8
- בin/on/with 4
- אֵלto, toward 2
- עַלon, upon, over, against 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- רֹבmultitude, abundance, numerous 1
- אִשָּׁהwoman, wife 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 6 words
- עֶבְרָה ʻebrâh · H5678 · wrath, anger, fury
- Both words denote anger and can substitute for each other in many contexts.
- חָרוֹן chârôwn · H2740 · withered, dry, anger
- Both words denote anger or wrath, including the senses 'anger,' 'wrath' and 'fury'.
- קֶצֶף qetseph · H7110 · anger, wrath, splinter
- Both words denote kinds of anger or wrath, including 'anger,' 'wrath' and 'indignation', and can substitute for each other in expressing anger.
- אַף ʼaph · H639 · nostrils, nose
- Both words denote anger and can substitute for each other in angry contexts. The target term is a noun denoting anger, provocation or indignation, while אַף (ʼaph, H639) is polysemous, with anger as one of its core senses alongside its literal meaning 'nose' or 'face'.
- חֵמָה chêmâh · H2534 · poison, venom, aggression
- Both words denote anger, with overlapping senses of anger, wrath and indignation.
- זַעַם zaʻam · H2195 · anger, wrath
- Both words denote emotional states of anger and indignation, with overlapping senses of rage, wrath and indignation; they can substitute for each other in expressing anger.
In the other Testament 2 words
- ὀργή orgḗ · G3709 · anger, fury, to punish
- Greek ὀργή (orgē) serves as the standard LXX rendering of Hebrew כַּעַס (ka'as), both denoting anger or wrath, with ὀργή emphasizing the passionate/violent aspect of the emotion while כַּעַס can additionally encompass the provocation or grief that elicits the anger.
- θυμός thymós · G2372 · anger, fury, wrath
- Greek θυμός (passion, breathing-hard emotion) translates Hebrew כַּעַס (anger, provocation) when rendering the emotional heat or intensity of provoked anger, particularly in contexts of divine wrath or human indignation that stirs up passionate response.
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Angry002001002002
- This noun denotes anger, indignation, or grief, formed from the same root as the verb כַּעַס (kaʻaç, H3707), so it likewise belongs among words for anger.
Word family 2 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H3708. ka 'ac כַּ֫עַס noun masculine vexation, anger; — ׳כ Deu 32:27 Deu 32:13t.; כָּ֑עַס…
'ac כַּ֫עַס noun masculine vexation, anger; — ׳כ Deu 32:27 Deu 32:13t.; כָּ֑עַס Pro 21:19; Ecc 1:18; suffix כַּעְסִי 1Sa 1:16, כַּעַסְךָ Psa 85:5, כַּעְסוֺ Pro 12:16; 1Ki 15:30; plural כְּעָסִים 2Ki 23:26. — vexation:
1 of men, especially caused by unmerited treatment, 1Sa 1:6, 1Sa 1:16; Pro 12:16; Pro 17:25; Pro 21:19; Pro 27:3; Ecc 7:9.
2 vexation, anger of Yahweh (caused especially by worship of other gods) 1Ki 15:30; 1Ki 21:22; 2Ki 23:26; ׳כ עִמָּנוּ Psa 85:5 anger (of Yahweh) with us; ׳כ בָּנָיו Deu 32:19 anger against his sons, ׳כ אוֺיֵב Deu 32:27 anger against the enemy (both object Genitive see Di; RV provocation of, compare Dr); ׳כ קָרְבָּנָם Eze 20:28 provocation of their offering (so RV but Co strike out, rightly).
3 vexation, grief Psa 6:8; Psa 10:14; Psa 31:10; Ecc 1:18; Ecc 2:23; Ecc 7:3; Ecc 11:10, also כעס Ecc 5:16 accusative Ew aI.
כַּ֫עַשׂ noun masculine (dialectic variation of כַּעַם, only in Job); — ׳כ Job 17:7, כָּ֑עָשׂ Job 5:2; suffix כַּעְשִׂי Job 6:2; כַּעַשְׂךָ Job 10:17; —
1 vexation, grief of men Job 5:2 (compare Pro 12:16; Pro 27:3), Pro 6:2; Pro 17:7.
2 vexation, anger, of God; with עִמָּדִי כַּעַשְׂךָ Job 10:17 thine anger with me.
כַּף see below כפף.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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