חַי

H2416. chay
I. חַי adjective alive, living; — ׳ח Gen 25:6 +; חָ֑י Gen 3:20 +, חֵי Amo 8:14 15t. (Ew§ 329 explains as construct, but Ges§ 93, R 7 n and others as contracted absolute); feminine חַיָּה Gen 1:20 +; plural חַיִּים Psa 116:9 +; —
1. a. of God, as the living one, the fountain of life חַי אֵל Jos 3:10 (J), Hos 2:1; Psa 42:3; Psa 84:3; חי אלהים 2Ki 19:4, 2Ki 19:16 = Isa 37:4, Isa 37:17; חיים אלהים Deu 5:23; 1Sa 17:26, 1Sa 17:36; Jer 10:10; Jer 23:36; יהוה חי Yahweh is living Psa 18:47 = 2Sa 22:47; חי גאלי my avenger is living Job 19:25; the formula of the oath is י ׳חַי Jdg 8:19; Rth 3:13; 1Sa 14:39, 1Sa 14:45; 1Sa 19:6; 1Sa 20:21; 1Sa 25:34; 1Sa 26:10, 1Sa 26:16; 1Sa 28:10; 1Sa 29:6; 2Sa 4:9; 2Sa 12:5; 2Sa 14:11; 2Sa 15:21; 1Ki 1:29; 1Ki 2:24; 1Ki 17:1, 1Ki 17:12; 1Ki 18:10; 1Ki 22:14 2Ch 18:13; 2Ki 5:16, 2Ki 5:20; Hos 4:15; Jer 4:2; Jer 5:2; Jer 12:16; Jer 16:14-15, Jer 23:7-8, Jer 38:16; אל חי Job 27:2; ׳ח האלהים 2Sa 2:27; י אדני ׳חי Jer 44:26; י ׳תי צבאות 1Ki 18:15; 2Ki 3:14; as used by God Himself it is אנכי חי Deu 32:40, elsewhere אני חי Num 14:21, Num 14:28 (P) Isa 49:18; Jer 22:24; Jer 46:18; Eze 5:11; Eze 14:16, Eze 14:18, Eze 14:20; Eze 16:48; Eze 17:16, Eze 17:19; Eze 18:3; Eze 20:3, Eze 20:31, Eze 20:33; Eze 33:11, Eze 33:27; Eze 34:8; Eze 35:6, Eze 35:11; Zep 2:9, compare also דן אלהיך חֵי שׁבע, באר דרך חֵי Amo 8:14; with the exception of הָעֹולָם בְּחֵי by him who liveth for ever Dan 12:7, חֵי is always (as an artificial distinction of scribes) used of non-sacred oaths, see
b. of man: חַי אָדָם a living man Lam 3:39, in antith ׃מֵת חי חי Isa 38:19; הַחַי collective Ecc 7:2; Absalom 2Sa 19:7; Naboth 1Ki 21:15; a son or lad 2Sa 12:21; 1Ki 3:22 (twice in verse); 1Ki 3:23 (twice in verse); 1Ki 3:25-26, (twice in verse); 1Ki 3:27; 1Ki 17:23; usually plural חיים alive, living Num 16:30, Num 16:33 (J), Num 17:13 (P), Deu 4:4; Deu 5:3; Isa 8:19; Psa 55:16; Psa 124:3; Pro 1:12; Ecc 4:2 (twice in verse); Ecc 4:15; Ecc 6:8; Ecc 9:4-5, Rth 2:20; taking prisoners alive Jos 8:23 (J) 1Sa 15:8; 1Ki 20:18 (twice in verse); 2Ki 7:12; 2Ki 10:14 (twice in verse); 2Ch 25:12; living (prosperously) 1Sa 25:6 (We reads לָחִי = לְאָחִי (see Klo Dr) to my brother, after ᵑ9 fratribus meis); elsewhere in phrase (פני) על חיים (אַתֶּם) הֵם אשׁר כלהֿימים האדמה all the days that they (ye) live upon (the face of) of the land Deu 4:10; Deu 12:1; Deu 31:13; 1Ki 8:40 2Ch 6:31. Note phrases: (יםׅ חַי עוֺד yet alive Gen 25:6; Gen 43:7, Gen 43:27, Gen 43:28; Gen 45:28; Gen 46:30 (J), Gen 45:3, Gen 45:26; Exo 4:18 (E), Deu 31:27; 1Sa 20:14; 2Sa 12:22; 2Sa 18:14; 1Ki 20:32; חי בהיות 2Sa 12:18; 1Ki 12:6; 2Ch 10:6; (ה)חַיִים אֶרֶץ land of the living Isa 38:11; Isa 53:8; Jer 11:19; Eze 26:20; Eze 32:23-24, Eze 32:25, Eze 32:26, Eze 32:27, Eze 32:32; Psa 27:13; Psa 52:7; Psa 142:6; Job 28:13; הח ׳ארצות Psa 116:9; ח ׳ספר Psa 69:29; הח ׳צרור bundle of the living 1Sa 25:29; הח ׳אור light of the living Job 33:30; Psalm 56:14. In the oath by life of men חי is pointed always המלך ׃חֵי אדני חֵי as my lord the king liveth 2Sa 15:21; פרעה חֵי Gen 42:15-16, (E); נַפְשְׁךָ חֵי 1Sa 1:26; 1Sa 17:55; 2Sa 14:19; ׳י נַפְשְׁךָ וְחֵי ׳חַ as Yahweh liveth and as thy soul (or thyself) liveth 1Sa 20:3; 1Sa 25:26; 2Ki 2:2, 2Ki 2:4, 2Ki 2:6; 2Ki 4:30 נ ׳וְחֵי חַיֶּךָ 2Sa 11:11 (but on text see We Dr).
c. of animals, alive, living: ox Exo 21:35; Exo 22:3 (E); goat Lev 16:10, Lev 16:20, Lev 16:21 (P); bird Lev 14:4, Lev 14:6 (twice in verse); Lev 14:7, Lev 14:51, Lev 14:53; dog, הַמֵּת מִןהָֿאַרְיֵה טוֺב הוּא חַי לְכֶלֶב Ecc 9:4 (compare Arabic proverb Kelb µei wa-lâ meijit, a living dog and no dead lion WetzstVerhand. Berl. Anthrop. Ges. 1878, 388); reptiles Gen 1:28 (P); animals in General Gen 9:3 (P); חי בשׂר living, raw flesh Lev 13:10, Lev 13:14, Lev 13:15 (twice in verse); Lev 13:16 (P) 1Sa 2:15.
d. animals and man, phrases for either or both: ח ׳כל Gen 3:20; Gen 8:21 (J) Job 12:10; Job 28:21; Job 30:23; Psa 143:2; Psa 145:16; החי כל Gen 6:19 (P); חַיָּה נֶפֶשׁ Gen 1:20, Gen 1:24, Gen 1:30 (P) Gen 2:7, Gen 2:19 (J); חַיָּה נֶפֶשׁ כל Gen 9:12, Gen 9:15, Gen 9:16 (P) Eze 47:9; החיה נפשׁ כל Gen 1:21; Gen 9:10; Lev 11:10, Lev 11:46 (P).
e. (dubious) of vegetation, as thorns, green, Psa 58:10 (Ges Ew Ol Pe, but De Ri Che Bae raw flesh, see
c. above near the end) feminine of water, flowing, fresh חיים מים Gen 26:19 (J), Lev 14:5-6, Lev 14:50, Lev 14:51, Lev 14:52; Lev 15:13; Num 19:17 (P), Jer 2:13; Jer 17:13; Zec 14:8; Son 4:15.
2 (dubious) lively, active: חַי אישׁ an active man 2Sa 23:20 (but Qr חַיִל אישׁ is to be preferred); חיים איבי mine enemies are lively Psa 38:20 (RV, but Houb Ol Ew Hu Che and others read חִנָּם, || שׁקר).
3 reviving: חַיָּה כָּעֵת at the time (when it is) reviving, the spring Gen 18:10, Gen 18:14 (J), 2Ki 4:16-17,.
II. [חַי] noun [masculine] kinsfolk (Arabic a group of families united by vital ties RSK 36-40 Dr Sm 119), plural suffix חַיַּי 1Sa 18:18, incorrectly pointed with the interpretation my life RV, but read חַיִּי my kins-flok, We Ki Dr RS SS RVm VB. It is explained by the gloss אבי משׁפחת We (Klo reads וּ אַחַי).
I. חַיָּה noun feminine living thing, animal (Zinjirli wild beast DHMSendsch. 34) — ׳ח Gen 8:17 +; construct חַיַּת Isa 57:10 +; old case ending (poetic) חַיְתוֺ Gen 1:24; Psa 50:10; Psa 79:2; Psa 104:11; Psa 104:20; Isa 56:9 (twice in verse); Zep 2:14; suffix חַיָּתִי Psa 143:3, etc.; plural חַיּוֺת Lev 14:4 Lev 14:12t. —
1 animal, as living, active being:
a. in General, Gen 8:17; Lev 11:2, Lev 11:27, Lev 11:47 (twice in verse); Num 35:3 (P) Psa 104:25; Isa 46:1; Dan 8:4.
b. wild animals, on account of their vital energy and activity Gen 7:14, Gen 7:21; Gen 8:1, Gen 8:19; Gen 9:5 (P) Lev 17:13; Lev 25:7 (H) Job 37:8; Psa 148:10; Isa 40:16; Eze 14:15; Eze 33:27; Zep 2:14-15, קנה ׳ח Psa 68:31 wild animal of the reeds; ׳ח רעה evil beast Gen 37:20, Gen 37:33 (JE) Lev 26:6 (H) Eze 5:17; Eze 14:15, Eze 14:21; Eze 34:25; ׳ח טמאה Lev 5:2 (P) unclean beast; ׳ח הארץ Gen 1:25, Gen 1:30; Gen 9:2, Gen 9:10 (twice in verse) (P) 1Sa 17:46; Eze 29:5; Eze 32:4; Eze 34:28; Job 5:22; ארץ חיתו Gen 1:24 (P) Psa 79:2; ׳ח השׂדה Exo 23:11, Exo 23:29 (covt. code.) Lev 26:22 (H) Deu 7:22; 2Sa 21:10; 2Ki 14:9 2Ch 25:18; Hos 2:14; Hos 2:20; Hos 4:3; Hos 13:8; Isa 43:20; Jer 27:6; Jer 28:14; Eze 38:20; Eze 39:4; Job 5:23; Job 39:15; ח ׳כל השׂדה Gen 2:19-20, Gen 3:1, Gen 3:14 (J) Job 40:20; Jer 12:9; Eze 31:6, Eze 31:13; Eze 34:5, Eze 34:8; Eze 39:17; שׂדי חיתו Isa 56:9; Psa 104:11; (ב)יער חיתו Isa 56:9; Psa 50:10; Psa 104:20; חיות מְּרִיץ Isa 35:9 destroyer among beasts.
c. living beings, of the cherubic chariot Eze 1:5, Eze 1:13 (twice in verse); Eze 1:14-15, (twice in verse); Eze 1:19 (twice in verse); Eze 1:20-21, Eze 1:22; Eze 3:13; Eze 10:15, Eze 10:17, Eze 10:20.
2 life, only in late poetry, Psa 143:3; Job 33:18, Job 33:20, Job 33:22, Job 33:28; Job 36:14; Eze 7:13 (twice in verse), and (dubious) Psa 74:19; Psa 78:50.
3 appetite, activity of hunger: כפרים חית appetite of young lions Job 38:39.
4 revival, renewal: מָצָאתְ יָדֵךְ חַיַּת thou didst find renewal of thy strength (re-invigoration) Isa 57:10; see חָיָה 2.
II. חַיָּה noun feminine (si vera lectio) community ( = feminine of II. חַי according to Nö ZMG, 1886, 176) — חֹנָה מְּלִשְׁתִּים וְחַיַּת and a community of Philistines (i.e. a group of allied families, making a raid together) was encamping 2Sa 23:13 ( = מַחֲנֵה 1Ch 11:15); perhaps also Psa 68:11 (compare below)
Note. — Several other passages are dubious: לַחַיָּה פְלִשְׁתִּים וַיֵּאָסְפוּ 2Sa 23:11 assembled into a troop, or by bands (RV, but neither rendering justified: Bö Ew We Klo Dr rightly read לֶ֫חְיָה to Leµi, compare Jdg 15:9 word omitted by accident in || 1Ch 11:13 Dr); יָָֽשְׁבוּבָֿהּ חַיָּתְךָ Psa 68:11 thy troop dwelt in it (Thes SS RVm Hi Ri Che, but ᵑ6 ᵐ5 Jerome Pe thy (living) creatures, of the people; Hup id., reference to quails; improbable); לָנֶ֫צַח אַלתִּֿשְׁכַּח עֲנִיֶּיךָ חַיַּת תּוֺרֶךָ נֶפֶשׁ לְחַיַּת אַלתִּֿתֵּן Psa 74:19 give not the soul of thy turtle-dove to the wild beasts, the life of thine afflicted do not forget for ever: RV Hi Pe Bae Sch render thus, giving חית different meanings in the two clauses, the former being archaic feminine absolute Ges§ 80, 2. R. 2; text doubtless corrupt, read possibly למות Schr Ri, for לחית, or לשׁחת Kroch; Gr either of these; Che either, or better לחרב.
חַיִּים noun masculineDeu 28:66
plural abstract emphatic life, ׳ח Gen 2:7 +; חַיִּין Job 24:22 (Aramaism Ges§ 87 (1) a); חַיֵּי Gen 23:1 +; suffix חַיַּי Gen 47:9 +; חַיָּ֑יְכִי Psa 103:4; (Ges§ 91 (2) R. 2), etc.; —
1 life: physical Gen 27:46; Exo 1:14 (P), Deu 28:66 (twice in verse); 2Sa 11:11; 2Sa 15:21; Isa 38:12; Jeremiah 8:23; Lam 3:53, Lam 3:58; Eze 7:13; Job 3:20; Job 7:7; Job 9:21; Job 10:12; Job 24:22; Psa 7:6; Psa 17:14; Psa 21:5; Psa 26:9; Psa 31:11; Psa 34:13; Psa 63:4; Psa 64:2; Psa 66:9; Psa 88:4; Psa 103:4; Pro 18:21; Ecc 2:17; Ecc 6:12; Ecc 7:13; Ecc 9:9 (twice in verse); Ecc 10:19; Jon 2:7; Jon 4:3, Jon 4:8; שׂרה חַיֵּי life of Sarah Gen 23:1(P) ח ׳שְׁנֵי years of the life of 2Sa 19:35; Gen 23:1; Gen 25:7, Gen 25:17; Gen 47:8-9, (twice in verse); Gen 47:28; Exo 6:16, Exo 6:18, Exo 6:20 (P); לח ׳שָׁנָה Gen 7:11 (P); חַיִּים שְׁנוֺת Pro 3:2; Pro 4:10; Pro 9:11; ח ׳יְמֵי days of the life of Ecc 2:3; Ecc 5:17; Ecc 5:19; Ecc 6:12; Ecc 8:15; Ecc 9:9; ח יְמֵי ׳כֹּל Gen 3:14, Gen 3:17 (J) Deu 4:9; Deu 6:2; Deu 16:3; Deu 17:19; Jos 1:5; Jos 4:14 (D) 1Sa 1:11; 1Sa 7:15; 1Ki 5:1; 1Ki 11:34; 1Ki 15:5-6, 2Ki 25:29-30, = Jer 52:33-34, Isa 38:20 (poem of Hez.) Psa 23:6; Psa 27:4; Psa 128:5; Pro 31:12; ׳בּח in or dur