זָעַק

צָהַל tsâhal · H6670 · to neigh, to shout, to cry out

Both lexemes denote loud vocal utterances — זָעַק (zâʻaq, H2199) “cry out,” צָהַל (tsâhal, H6670) “cry aloud, shout” — and genuinely overlap in the sense of loud vocal expression; צָהַל (tsâhal, H6670) also carries a broader range extending to animal sounds and shining.

צָוַח tsâvach · H6681 · to cry out

Both words describe a vocal outcry, though צָוַח (tsâvach, H6681) occurs only once.

צָעַק tsâʻaq · H6817 · to cry out, to call for help, to appeal

Both words are verbs denoting crying out or shouting, including a cry for help or an appeal; they are distinct verbs that can substitute for each other in context.

βοάω boáō · G994 · to cry out, to scream, to shout

Greek βοάω emphasizes the vocal outcry or shouting aspect, whereas Hebrew זָעַק encompasses both the crying out and the assembling/gathering that may result from or accompany such calls.

ἀναβοάω anaboáō · G310 · to cry out, to scream, to shout

Greek ἀναβοάω specifically denotes the vocalized act of crying out or calling aloud, corresponding to the cry-out/proclamation semantic component within Hebrew זָעַק's broader range that includes both vocal outcry and assembly/gathering actions.

κράζω krázō · G2896 · to shout, to scream

Greek κράζω emphasizes the vocal quality and loudness of the outcry (properly onomatopoetic, "to croak/scream"), whereas Hebrew זָעַק focuses on the summoning or assembling function of the cry, though both denote loud vocal calling that can serve to gather or appeal.

ἀνακράζω anakrázō · G349 · to shout, to scream

Greek ἀνακράζω specifically denotes the upward/intensive vocal action of crying out or screaming, typically capturing emotionally charged outcries, whereas Hebrew זָעַק encompasses a broader semantic range including assembly, proclamation, and crying out in distress or appeal; the Greek term corresponds primarily to the cry-out subset of the Hebrew lemma's semantic domain.

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זָעַק denotes crying out, most often a cry of distress or an appeal for help, as at Exodus 2:23 (Israel's groaning "cry for help" ascending to God) and the repeated formula of the sons of Israel crying out to the LORD in Judges 3:9 and 3:15.

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The same verb is also used for summoning or gathering people together by a public cry or call, as at Joshua 8:16 (the people of the city "called together" to pursue) and Judges 4:10 (Barak "summoned" Zebulun and Naphtali).

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.