בְּעַד
bᵉʻad · H1157 · Hebrew · 105 occurrences
Meanings
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access
Path through which a certain entity can be accessed, which can vary from a relatively narrow opening on one side to the entire surrounding space
ExamplesGenesis 7:16 Those that entered, male and female of all flesh, entered as God had commanded him; and the LORD closed the door behind him.
Judges 3:22 The hilt of the sword also went in after the blade, and the fat closed over the blade because he did not pull the sword out of his belly; and the refuse came out.
Judges 3:23 Then Ehud went out into the vestibule, and shut the doors of the roof chamber behind him, and locked them.
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through, out of, over
Relation denoting that someone performs a certain event via the path of something else
ExamplesGenesis 26:8 Now it came about, when he had been there a long time, that Abimelech king of the Philistines looked down through a window, and saw them, and behold, Isaac was caressing his wife Rebekah.
Joshua 2:15 Then she let them down by a rope through the window, for her house was on the city wall, so that she was living on the wall.
Judges 5:28 “Out of the window she looked and wailed, The mother of Sisera through the lattice, ‘Why does his chariot delay in coming? Why do the hoofbeats of his chariots delay?’
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for, for the sake of, for the benefit of
Relation denoting that someone performs a certain event for the benefit of someone or something else
ExamplesGenesis 20:7 “Now then, return the man’s wife, for he is a prophet, and he will pray for you and you will live. But if you do not return her, know that you will certainly die, you and all who are yours.”
Job 2:4 Satan answered the LORD and said, “Skin for skin! Yes, all that a man has, he will give for his life.
Exodus 32:30 And on the next day Moses said to the people, “You yourselves have committed a great sin; and now I am going up to the LORD; perhaps I can make atonement for your sin.”
How it’s used In 1 role
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אִשָּׁהwoman, wife 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- περί perí · G4012 · around, concerning, about
- Both בְּעַד (bᵉʻad, H1157) בְּעַד and περί (perí, G4012) περί are versatile prepositions expressing spatial relations (around, about, over or through) and an abstract extension into reference and cause ("concerning," "on behalf of," "for"). The Hebrew preposition's range includes "about, over, through, for, by means of," while the Greek covers "around, concerning, with respect to."
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Position002002
- בְּעַד marks spatial position, most often "behind" or "through" a barrier, as in Genesis 7:16's "the LORD closed the door behind him" (וַיִּסְגֹּר יְהוָה בַּעֲדוֹ), locating the door's closure relative to Noah.
- Connection002003
- The preposition also marks the relational sense "on behalf of" or "for," connecting an action to its beneficiary, as in Genesis 20:7's "he will pray for you" (וְיִתְפַּלֵּל בַּעַדְךָ), linking Abraham's intercession to Abimelech.
Word family 12 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H1157. baad בַּ֫עַד105 substantive properly separation, with a Genitive, in separation…
בַּ֫עַד105 substantive properly separation, with a Genitive, in separation from, in usage a
preposition away from, behind, about, on behalf of (Arabic , of time, after) — absolute Son 4:1, Son 4:3; Son 6:7, elsewhere construct בְּעַד, with suffix בַּעֲדִי Exo 8:24 +, בַּעֲדֵנִי Psa 139:11; בַּעַדְךָ Gen 20:7 +; בַּעֲדוֺ etc.; 1 plural בַּעֲדֵנוּ, Amo 9:10 בַּעֲדֵינוּ; בַּעַדְכֶם 1Sa 7:5 +; בַּעֲדָם Lev 9:7 +; —
1 literal
a. with verbs of falling, letting down, leaning forward so as to look out, through (literally away from) a window, etc.: Jos 2:15 and she let him down by a cord הַחַלּוֺן בְּעַד away from the window, i.e. out through it, 1Sa 19:12; 2Sa 20:21; 2Ki 1:2 and A. fell הַשְּׂבָּכָה בְּעַד out through the lattice; Gen 26:8; Jdg 5:28 out through the window נִשְׁקְפָה she looked forth (literally leant forward), 2 Samuel 6:26 +; pregnantly Job 22:13 will he judge עֲרָפֶל בְּעַד (looking) out through the thick clouds ? Conversely Joe 2:9 in through the windows they come (the locusts) as a thief.
b. idiomatic with verbs of shutting, especially בְּעַד סָגַר to shut behind or upon — whether oneself, Jdg 9:51 and they entered the tower בַּעֲדָם וַיִּסְגְּרוּ and shut (the doors) upon themselves (that is, from the inside), 2Ki 4:4-5, 2Ki 4:33; Isa 26:20; or another, Gen 7:16 י ׳וַיִּסְגֹּר בַּעֲדוֺ and ׳י shut behind or upon him (that is, from the outside), i.e. shut him in, Jdg 3:23 (the suffix in בַּעֲדוֺ referrring to Eglon), 2Ki 4:21 (but N.B. persons leaving a room shut the door אַחֲרֵי themselves Gen 19:6; 2Sa 13:17-18,): see also Jdg 3:22; 1Sa 1:6 י ׳סָגַּר רַחְמָהּ בְּעַד (compare Gen 20:18 רֶחֶם בְּעַד עָצַר), Job 9:7 בְּעַד חָתַם to seal up, Job 1:10; Job 3:23 בְּעַד (הֵסֵךְ) שׂוּךְ to make a hedge about, Lam 3:7 בְּעַד גָּדַר to fence about. Somewhat peculiarly Lam 9:10 (who say,) Evil will not draw near, or come in front בַּעֲדֵינוּ so as to be about us (but Gr עָדֵינוּ unto us), Joe 2:8 (of the locusts) יִמֹּ֑לוּ הַשֶּׁלַח בְּעַד (probably) in among the weapons they throw themselves (i.e. they pass about and between them without being injured or having their course impeded), 1Sa 4:18 and Eli fell backward הַשַּׁעַר יַד בְּעַד, i.e. (si vera 1.) about the side of the gate: but text dubious; see Dr. Without a verb Jon 2:7 the earth, בַעֲדִי בְּרִיחֶיהָ her bars were upon me (or about me) for ever, Psa 139:11 night shall be the light about me, Psa 3:4 thou בַּעֲדִי מָגֵּן art a shield about me. Hence
c. after a verb of protecting, Zec 12:8 in that day ירושׁלם ׳יָגֵןי יושׁב בְּעַד will ׳י give protection about, etc.
2 metaph. on behalf of (ὑπέρ); very frequently after הִתְמַּלֵּל Gen 20:7; Num 21:7; 1Sa 7:5; Psa 72:15 +; also with other verbs of entreating Exo 8:24; 1Sa 7:9, or consulting (דָּרַשׁ) Isa 8:19; 2Ki 22:13; Jer 21:2; with כִּמֶּר atone Exo 32:30; Lev 9:7; Lev 11:6, Lev 11:11 +, עָשָׂה (= offer) Eze 45:22: see also 2Sa 10:12; 2Sa 12:16; Isa 37:4; Jer 7:16; Jer 11:4; Eze 22:30; Pro 20:16; Pro 27:13; Psa 138:8; Job 2:4 עוֺר בְּעַד עוֺר (see עוֺר), Job 6:22. Almost = for the sake of, an account of Pro 6:26; Jer 11:14 (but ᵐ5. ᵑ7 ᵑ9 ᵑ6 and many MSS. רָעָתָם בְּעֵת, compare Jer 11:12; Jer 15:11). Isa 32:14 hill and watch-tower מְעָרוֺת בְעַד הָיָה are come to be on behalf of (i.e. take the place of, serve as) caves for ever: but use is singular, and בְּעַד is probably only dittograph from מער in מערות (so Gr). — With לְ ׳מִבַּעַד מִן, (compare לְ ׳מִתַּחַת לְ, ׳מִמַּעַל): Son 4:1, Son 4:3; Son 6:7 thine eyes are doves לְצַמָּתֵךְ מִבַּעַד from behind thy veil. compare on בַּעַד GrätzMonatsschrift, 1879, 49 ff.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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