παραδίδωμι
paradídōmi · G3860 · Greek · 119 occurrences
Meanings
-
to give over, to hand over
To hand over to or to convey something to someone, particularly a right or an authority
ExamplesMatthew 11:27 “All things have been handed over to Me by My Father; and no one knows the Son except the Father; nor does anyone know the Father except the Son, and anyone to whom the Son determines to reveal Him.
Matthew 25:14 “For it is just like a man about to go on a journey, who called his own slaves and entrusted his possessions to them.
Matthew 25:20 “The one who had received the five talents came up and brought five more talents, saying, ‘Master, you entrusted five talents to me. See, I have earned five more talents.’
-
to hand over, to turn over to, to betray
To deliver a person into the control of someone else, involving either the handing over of a presumably guilty person for punishment by authorities or the handing over of an individual to an enemy who will presumably take undue advantage of the victim
ExamplesMatthew 4:12 Now when Jesus heard that John had been taken into custody, He withdrew into Galilee;
Matthew 5:25 “Come to good terms with your accuser quickly, while you are with him on the way to court, so that your accuser will not hand you over to the judge, and the judge to the officer, and you will not be thrown into prison.
Matthew 10:4 Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot, the one who also betrayed Him.
-
to instruct, to teach
To pass on traditional instruction, often implying over a long period of time
ExamplesMark 7:13 thereby invalidating the word of God by your tradition which you have handed down; and you do many things such as that.”
Luke 1:2 just as they were handed down to us by those who from the beginning were eyewitnesses and servants of the word,
Acts 6:14 for we have heard him say that this Nazarene, Jesus, will destroy this place and change the customs which Moses handed down to us.”
-
to grant, to allow
To grant someone the opportunity or occasion to do something
ExamplesMark 4:29 “Now when the crop permits, he immediately puts in the sickle, because the harvest has come.”
-
to deliver to the control of, to hand over to
(An idiom, literally: to give into the hands) To hand someone over into the control of others
ExamplesMatthew 17:22 And while they were gathering together in Galilee, Jesus said to them, “The Son of Man is going to be handed over to men;
Matthew 26:45 Then He came to the disciples and said to them, “Are you still sleeping and resting? Behold, the hour is at hand and the Son of Man is being betrayed into the hands of sinners.
Mark 9:31 For He was teaching His disciples and telling them, “The Son of Man is to be handed over to men, and they will kill Him; and when He has been killed, He will rise three days later.”
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to risk, to risk one’s life
(An idiom, literally: to hand over life) To expose oneself willingly to a danger or risk
ExamplesActs 15:26 men who have risked their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ.
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to die
(An idiom, literally: to give over the spirit) To die, with the possible implication of a willing or voluntary act
ExamplesJohn 19:30 Therefore when Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, “It is finished!” And He bowed His head and gave up His spirit.
How it’s used In 12 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
118 occurrences in 31 groups
- Not stated: he, she or it 22
- Not stated (participle) 19
- Not stated: they 13
- υἱόςson 9
- Not stated in the clause 8
- Not stated: I 6
- Other words · 19 groups that occur once or twice (24) 24
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
78 occurrences in 25 groups
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 33
- σύyou 9
- ἐγώI, we 8
- ὅςwho, which, that 5
- ἑαυτοῦhimself, herself, itself 4
- ὅτιthat, because 3
- Other words · 19 groups that occur once or twice (22) 22
To or for whomIndirect object
41 occurrences in 21 groups
- ἐγώI, we 8
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 7
- σύyou 6
- ἔθνοςnation, Gentiles 3
- Other words · 17 groups that occur once or twice (21) 21
Second objectAs in “call him Lord”
1 occurrences in 2 groups
- θυσίαsacrifice 1
- προσφοράoffering 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
43 occurrences in 30 groups
- εἰςto+ χείρhand 8
- διάthrough+ ὅςwho, which, that 3
- εἰςto+ θάνατοςdeath 3
- εἰςto+ φυλακήprison, jail, watch 3
- ὑπέρfor+ ἐγώI, we 3
- Other words · 25 groups that occur once or twice (28) 28
With adverbsAdverbs
13 occurrences in 9 groups
- καίand 4
- Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10
Named alongside itApposition
17 occurrences in 11 groups
- ἸούδαςJudas, Judah 6
- ἄνθρωποςman, person, people 3
- Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (9) 9
What it doesIt is the subject
7 occurrences in 5 groups
- δίδωμιto give, to grant 2
- ἐγγίζωto draw near 2
- δέωto bind, to tie 1
- ἔχωto have 1
- χαρίζομαιto give freely, to forgive 1
What is done to itIt is the object
26 occurrences in 18 groups
- ἔπωto say 6
- μέλλωto be about to 4
- εἴδωto know 3
- λέγωto say 3
- Other words · 14 groups that occur once or twice (14) 14
What it is said to bePredicate
2 occurrences in 1 groups
- τίςwho? what?, why? for what reason? 2
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- μετάwith, after 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- χείρhand 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 2 words
- נָתַן nâthan · H5414 · to give, to grant a covenant
- Hebrew נָתַן covers the core act of giving or handing over that Greek παραδίδωμι renders, with both lexemes spanning the range from neutral transfer ('give, deliver') to hostile surrender ('betray, hand over to an enemy'). παραδίδωμι functions as the standard Greek equivalent for נָתַן in these handing-over contexts.
- יְהַב yᵉhab · H3052 · deliver, give, lay
- Aramaic יְהַב and Greek παραδίδωμι overlap in the core transactional sense of handing over or delivering something from one party to another, whether physical objects, authority, or persons, with both encompassing voluntary transfer and compelled surrender.
Semantic domains 7 entries
- To grant, to allow13.142
- This domain covers παραδίδωμι naming the granting of favorable conditions, as Mark describes the timing of the harvest in the parable of the growing seed: “But when the crop permits, he immediately puts in the sickle, because the harvest has come.” (Mark 4:29)
- To risk, to risk one’s life21.7
- Here παραδίδωμι names the act of handing oneself over to danger, as Luke commends Paul and Barnabas for their sacrifice: “men who have risked their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ.” (Acts 15:26)
- To die23.110
- Here παραδίδωμι names the surrender of one's spirit at the point of death, as John narrates Jesus's final moment on the cross: “Then when Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, ‘It is finished!’ And He bowed His head and gave up His spirit.” (John 19:30)
- To instruct, to teach33.237
- Here παραδίδωμι names the transmission of received teaching, as Paul reminds the Corinthians of his own faithful instruction: “For I received from the Lord that which I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus, on the night when He was betrayed, took bread.” (1 Corinthians 11:23)
- To hand over, to turn over to, to betray37.111
- Here παραδίδωμι names the act of handing someone over to authority or danger, as Matthew narrates Judas's betrayal of Jesus: “Now he who was betraying Him gave them a sign previously, saying, ‘Whomever I kiss, He is the one; arrest Him.’” (Matthew 26:48)
- To deliver to the control of, to hand over to37.12
- Here παραδίδωμι names the formal handing over of a person into custody or judgment, as Mark narrates the chief priests bringing Jesus before Pilate: “Early in the morning the chief priests with the elders, scribes, and the entire Council immediately held a consultation; and they bound Jesus and led Him away, and turned Him over to Pilate.” (Mark 15:1)
- To give over, to hand over57.77
- Here παραδίδωμι names the entrusting of possessions or resources to another's care, as Jesus introduces the parable of the talents: “For it is just like a man about to go on a journey, who called his own slaves and entrusted his possessions to them.” (Matthew 25:14)
Word family 20 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Also from the root δίδωμι
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon subjunctive 3 person singular παραδιδῷ (1 Cor 15:24 (L marginal reading Tr marginal…
1. properly, to give into the hands (of another).
2. to give over into (one's) power or use: τίνι τί, to deliver to one something to keep, use, take care of, manage, Mt 11:27; Lk 4:6 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 271 (254)); Lk 10:22; τά ὑπάρχοντα, τάλαντα, Mt 25:14, Mt 25:20, Mt 25:22; τήν βασιλείαν, 1 Cor 15:24; τό πνεῦμα namely, τῷ Θεῷ, Jn 19:30; τό σῶμα, ἵνα etc., to be burned, 1 Cor 13:3; τινα, to deliver one up to custody, to be judged, condemned, punished, scourged, tormented, put to death (often thus in secular authors): τινα, absolutely, so that to be put in prison must be supplied, Mt 4:12; Mk 1:14; τηρουμένους, who are kept, 2 Pet 2:4 (G T Tr WH; but R τετηρημένους, L κολαζομένους τηρεῖν); to be put to death (cf. German dahingeben), Rom 4:25; with the addition of ὑπέρ τίνος, for one's salvation, Rom 8:32; τινα τίνι, Mt 5:25; Mt 18:34; Mt 20:18; Mt 27:2; Mk 15:1; Lk 12:58; Lk 20:20; Jn 18:30, Jn 18:35; Jn 19:11 etc.; Acts 27:1; Acts 28:16 Rec.; τῷ θελήματι αὐτῶν, to do their pleasure with Lk 23:25; τινα τίνι, followed by ἵνα, Jn 19:16; with an infinitive of purpose, φυλάσσειν αὐτόν, to guard him, Acts 12:4; without the dative, Mt 10:19; Mt 24:10; Mt 27:18; Mk 13:11; Mk 15:10; Acts 3:13; followed by ἵνα, Mt 27:26; Mk 15:15; τινα εἰς τό σταυρωθῆναι, Mt 26:2 (σταυροῦ θανάτῳ, Ev. Nicod. c. 26); εἰς χεῖρας τίνος, i. e. into one's power, Mt 17:22; Mt 26:45; Mk 9:31; Mk 14:41; Lk 9:44; Lk 24:7; Acts 21:11; Acts 28:17 (Jer 33:24; ()); εἰς συνέδρια, to councils (see συνέδριον, 2 b.) (παραδιδόναι involving also the idea of conducting), Mt 10:17; Mk 13:9; εἰς συναγωγάς, Lk 21:12; εἰς θλῖψιν, Mt 24:9; εἰς φυλακήν, Acts 8:3; εἰς φυλακάς, Acts 22:4; εἰς θάνατον, Mt 10:21; Mk 13:12; 2 Cor 4:11; εἰς κρίμα θανάτου, Lk 24:20; τόν σάρκα εἰς καταφθοράν, of Christ undergoing death, the Epistle of Barnabas 5, 1 [ET]; παραδιδόναι ἑαυτόν ὑπέρ τίνος, to give oneself up for, give oneself to death for, to undergo death for (the salvation of) one, Gal 2:20; Eph 5:25; with the addition of τῷ Θεῷ and a predicate accusative, Eph 5:2; τήν ψυχήν ἑαυτοῦ ὑπέρ τοῦ ὀνόματος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, to jeopard life to magnify and make known the name of Jesus Christ, Acts 15:26. Metaphorically, expressions: τινα τῷ Σατανᾶ, to deliver one into the power of Satan to be harassed and tormented with evils, 1 Tim 1:20; with the addition of εἰς ὄλεθρον σαρκός (see ὄλεθρος), 1 Cor 5:5 (the phrase seems to have originated from the Jewish formulas of excommunication (yet see Meyer (edited by Heinrici) at the passage (cf. B. D., under the word, Hymenaeus II., Excommunication II.)), because a person banished from the theocratic assembly was regarded as deprived of the protection of God and delivered up to the power of the devil). τινα εἰς ἀκαθαρσίαν, to cause one to become unclean. Rom 1:24; cf. Fritzsche, Rückert, and others at the passage (in this example and several that follow A. V. renders to give up); εἰς πάθη ἀτιμίας, to make one a slave of vile passions, Rom 1:26; εἰς ἀδόκιμον νοῦν, to cause one to follow his own corrupt mind — followed by an infinitive of purpose (or epexegetic infinitive (Meyer)), Rom 1:28; ἑαυτόν τῇ ἀσέλγεια, to make oneself the slave of lasciviousness, Eph 4:19; τινα λατρεύειν, to cause one to worship, Acts 7:42. to deliver up treacherously, i. e. by betrayal to cause one to be taken: τινα τίνι, of Judas betraying Jesus, Mt 26:15; Mk 14:10; Lk 22:4, Lk 22:6; without the dative, Mt 26:16, Mt 26:21, Mt 26:23, Mt 26:25; Mk 14:11, Mk 14:18; Lk 22:21, Lk 22:48; Jn 6:64, Jn 6:71; Jn 12:4; in the passive, Mk 14:21; Lk 22:22; 1 Cor 11:23; present preposition ὁ παραδιδούς αὐτόν, of him as plotting the betrayal (cf. Buttmann, § 144, 11, 3): Mt 26:25, Mt 26:46, Mt 26:48; Mk 14:42, Mk 14:44; Jn 13:11; Jn 18:2, Jn 18:5. to deliver one to be taught, moulded, etc.: εἰς τί, in the passive, Rom 6:17 (to be resolved thus, ὑπηκούσατε... τύπον, etc. εἰς ὅν παρεδόθητε (Winer's Grammar, § 24, 2 b.)).
3. equivalent to to commit, to commend: τινα τῇ χάριτι τοῦ Θεοῦ, in the passive, Acts 14:26; Acts 15:40; παρεδίδου τῷ κρίνοντι δικαίως, namely, τά ἑαυτοῦ, his cause (Buttmann, 145 (127) note 2 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 590 (549))), 1 Pet 2:23.
4. to deliver verbally: commands, rites, Mk 7:13; Acts 6:14; 1 Cor 11:2; 2 Pet 2:21 (here in the passive); πίστιν, the tenets (see πίστις, 1 c. β.), in the passive, Jude 1:3; φυλάσσειν τά δόγματα, the decrees to keep, Acts 16:4; to deliver by narrating, to report, i. e. to perpetuate the knowledge of events by narrating them, Lk 1:2; 1 Cor 11:23; 1 Cor 15:3 (see examples from Greek authors in Passow (or Liddell and Scott), under the word, 4).
5. to permit, allow: absolutely ὅταν παραδῷ or παραδοῖ ὁ καρπός, when the fruit will allow, i. e. when its ripeness permits, Mk 4:29 (so τῆς ὥρας παραδιδουσης, Polybius 22, 24, 9; for other examples see Passow, under the word, 3 (Liddell and Scott, under the word II.; others take the word in Mark, the passage cited intransitively, in a quasi-reflexive sense, gives itself up, presents itself, cf. Winers Grammar, 251 (236); Buttmann, 145 (127))).
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 7 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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