οἶκος
oîkos · G3624 · Greek · 114 occurrences
Thing
- Jewish TempleTemples307 verses
Meanings
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house, temple, sanctuary
A building consisting of one or more rooms and normally serving as a dwelling place (οἶκος also includes certain public buildings, for example, a temple. The extension of οἶκος to include temples may be the result of speaking of a temple as the dwelling place of the deity.)
ExamplesMatthew 9:6 “But so that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins”—then He said to the paralyzed man, “Get up, pick up your stretcher and go home.”
Matthew 9:7 And he got up and went home.
Matthew 11:8 “But what did you go out to see? A man dressed in soft clothing? Those who wear soft clothing are in kings’ palaces!
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family, household
The family consisting of those related by blood and marriage, as well as slaves and servants, living in the same house or homestead
ExamplesLuke 10:5 “And whatever house you enter, first say, ‘Peace be to this house.’
Luke 11:17 But He knew their thoughts and said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself is laid waste; and a house divided against itself falls.
Luke 12:52 for from now on five members in one household will be divided, three against two and two against three.
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lineage, family line
Persons of successive generations who are related by birth
ExamplesLuke 1:27 to a virgin betrothed to a man whose name was Joseph, of the descendants of David; and the virgin’s name was Mary.
Luke 1:33 and He will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and His kingdom will have no end.”
Luke 1:69 And has raised up a horn of salvation for us In the house of His servant David—
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property, possessions
(Figurative extension of meaning of οἶκος ‘house,’) Possessions associated with a house and household
ExamplesActs 7:10 and rescued him from all his afflictions, and granted him favor and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and he made him governor over Egypt and his entire household.
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the people of Israel, the nation of Israel
(Idioms, literally: house of Israel, and: house of Judah, respectively) The people of Israel as an ethnic entity
ExamplesMatthew 10:6 but rather go to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.
Matthew 15:24 But He answered and said, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.”
Acts 2:36 “Therefore let all the house of Israel know for certain that God has made Him both Lord and Christ—this Jesus whom you crucified.”
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Temple
A building consisting of one or more rooms and serving as a place of worship
ExamplesMatthew 12:4 how he entered the house of God, and they ate the consecrated bread, which was not lawful for him to eat nor for those with him, but for the priests alone?
Matthew 21:13 And He said to them, “It is written: ‘MY HOUSE WILL BE CALLED A HOUSE OF PRAYER’; but you are making it a DEN OF ROBBERS.”
Matthew 23:38 “Behold, your house is being left to you desolate!
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a dwelling
A building consisting of one or more rooms and serving as a dwelling place
ExamplesMatthew 9:6 “But so that you may know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins”—then He said to the paralyzed man, “Get up, pick up your stretcher and go home.”
Matthew 9:7 And he got up and went home.
Matthew 12:44 “Then it says, ‘I will return to my house from which I came’; and when it comes, it finds it unoccupied, swept, and put in order.
How it’s used In 11 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
82 occurrences in 21 groups
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 25
- σύyou 12
- ἐγώI, we 9
- θεόςGod 6
- ἸσραήλIsrael 6
- ΔαβίδDavid 3
- Other words · 13 groups that occur once or twice (15) 15
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
10 occurrences in 6 groups
- ἴδιοςone’s own 4
- οὗτοςthis 2
- εἷςone 1
- ἐκεῖνοςthat, that one, there 1
- πνευματικόςspiritual 1
- ποῖοςwhat, which 1
Named alongside itApposition
3 occurrences in 2 groups
- εἰμίto be 2
- ἐξέρχομαιto go out, to depart 1
What it doesIt is the subject
9 occurrences in 7 groups
- σώζωto save, to deliver 2
- ἀφίημιto leave, to forgive, to let 2
- γεμίζωto fill 1
- γινώσκωto know 1
- διορύσσωto break through 1
- κατασκευάζωto prepare 1
What is done to itIt is the object
14 occurrences in 9 groups
- προΐστημιto guide 3
- ἀσπάζομαιto greet, to send greetings 3
- Other words · 7 groups that occur once or twice (8) 8
It is given or told toIndirect object
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- δίδωμιto give, to grant 1
- εὑρίσκωto find, to discover 1
Second object ofSecond object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ποιέωto do, to make 1
What it is said to bePredicate
3 occurrences in 1 groups
- οἶκοςhouse, household 3
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
7 occurrences in 5 groups
- οἶκοςhouse, household 3
- ἐγώI, we 1
- σωτηρίαsalvation 1
- φορέωto wear 1
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
73 occurrences in 8 groups
- εἰςto 75
- ἐνin 23
- ἐπίon 10
- κατάaccording to, against, down 10
- σύνwith, together with 6
- ἐκfrom 4
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- πρόβατονsheep 2
- ζῆλοςzeal, jealousy, envy 1
- σωτηρίαsalvation 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 2 words
- בַּיִת bayith · H1004 · house, place
- Hebrew בַּיִת is the direct Hebrew equivalent of Greek οἶκος, both denoting a house, dwelling, or household in both literal and figurative extensions, reflecting systematic translation equivalence.
- בַּיִת bayith · H1005 · house
- Greek οἶκος and Aramaic בַּיִת share the core semantic range of 'house/dwelling' and extend figuratively to household/family in parallel ways, representing the same conceptual domain across their respective languages.
Semantic domains 5 entries
- Lineage, family line10.24
- Introducing Mary, Luke 1:27 states she was betrothed to Joseph, “of the descendants of David,” a phrase built on this same noun elsewhere naming the house or lineage of David that Joseph belonged to.
- Family, household10.8
- Instructing the Twelve, Matthew 10:6 states “go to the lost sheep of the house of Israel,” where “house” renders this same noun, here of the whole family or people group descended from Israel.
- The people of Israel, the nation of Israel11.58
- Rebuking Israel's history of idolatry, Acts 7:42 states “as it is written in the book of the prophets: ‘YOU DID NOT OFFER ME VICTIMS AND SACRIFICES FOR FORTY YEARS IN THE WILDERNESS, DID YOU, HOUSE OF ISRAEL?’” where “HOUSE OF ISRAEL” renders this same noun addressing the nation as a whole.
- Property, possessions57.21
- Pronouncing judgment on Jerusalem, Matthew 23:38 states Jesus said, “Behold, your house is being left to you desolate!” where “house” renders this same noun, here of the nation's estate and holdings left forfeited and abandoned.
- House, temple, sanctuary7.2
- Cleansing the temple, Matthew 21:13 states “It is written: ‘MY HOUSE WILL BE CALLED A HOUSE OF PRAYER’; but you are making it a DEN OF ROBBERS,” where “HOUSE” renders this same noun in its sense of the temple as God's dwelling place.
Word family 35 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon οἴκου, ὁ (cf. Latinvicus, English ending -wich; Curtius, § 95), from Homer down; the…
1. a house;
a. strictly, an inhabited house (differing thus from δόμος the building): Acts 2:2; Acts 19:16; τίνος, Mt 9:6; Mk 2:11; Mk 5:38; Lk 1:23, Lk 1:40, Lk 1:56; Lk 8:39, Lk 8:41, etc.; ἔρχεσθαι εἰς οἶκον, to come into a house (domurn venire), Mk 3:20 (19); εἰς τόν οἶκον, into the (i. e. his or their) house, home, Lk 7:10; Lk 15:6; ἐν τῷ οἴκῳ, in the (her) house, Jn 11:20; ἐν οἴκῳ, at home, 1 Cor 11:34; 1 Cor 14:35; οἱ εἰς τόν οἶκον(see εἰς, C. 2), Lk 9:61; κατ' οἶκον, opposed to ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ, in a household assembly, in private (R. V. at home; see κατά, II. 1 d.), Acts 2:46; Acts 5:42; κατ' οἴκους, opposed to δημοσίᾳ, in private houses (A. V. from house to house; see κατά, II. 3 a.), Acts 20:20; κατά τούς οἴκους εἰσπορευόμενος, entering house after house, Acts 8:3; ἡ κατ' οἶκον τίνος ἐκκλησία, see ἐκκλησία, 4 b. aa.
b. any building whatever: ἐμπορίου, Jn 2:16; προσευχῆς, Mt 21:13; Mk 11:17; Lk 19:46; τοῦ βασιλέως, τοῦ ἀρχιερέως, the palace of etc., Mt 11:8; Lk 22:54 (here T Tr WH οἰκία); τοῦ Θεοῦ, the house where God was regarded as present — of the tabernacle, Mt 12:4; Mk 2:26; Lk 6:4; of the temple at Jerusalem, Mt 21:13; Mk 11:17; Lk 19:46; Jn 2:16f, (Isa 56:5, Isa 56:7); cf. Lk 11:51; Acts 7:47, Acts 7:49; of the heavenly sanctuary, Heb 10:21 (οἶκος ἅγιος Θεοῦ, of heaven, Deut 26:15; Baruch 2:16); a body of Christians (a church), as pervaded by the Spirit and power of God, is called οἶκος πνευματικός, 1 Pet 2:5.
c. any dwelling-place: of the human body as the abode of demons that possess it, Mt 12:44; Lk 11:24; (used in Greek authors also of tents and huts, and later, of the nests, stalls, lairs, of animals). universally, the place where one has fixed his residence, one's settled abode, domicile: οἶκος ὑμῶν, of the city of Jerusalem, Mt 23:38; Lk 13:35.
2. by metonymy, the inmates of a house, all the persons forming one family, a household: Lk 10:5; Lk 11:17 (al: refer this to 1, and take ἐπί either locally (see ἐπί, C. I. 1), or of succession (see ἐπί, C. I. 2 c.)); ; Acts 7:10; Acts 10:2; Acts 11:14; Acts 16:31; Acts 18:8; 1 Cor 1:16; 1 Tim 3:4; 1 Tim 5:4; 2 Tim 1:16; 2 Tim 4:19; Heb 11:7; plural, 1 Tim 3:12; Tit 1:11 (so also Gen 7:1; Gen 47:12, and often in Greek authors); metaphorically, and in a theocratic sense ὁ οἶκος τοῦ Θεοῦ, the family of God, of the Christian church, 1 Tim 3:15; 1 Pet 4:17; of the church of the Old and New Testament, Heb 3:2, Heb 3:5f (Num 12:7).
3. stock, race, descendants of one (A. V. house): ὁ οἶκος Δαυίδ, Lk 1:27, Lk 1:69; Lk 2:4 (1 Kgs 12:16); οἶκος Ἰσραήλ, Mt 10:6; Mt 15:24; Lk 1:33; Acts 2:36; Acts 7:42; ((ὁ οἶκος Ἰακώβ), 46 L T Tr marginal reading); Heb 8:8, Heb 8:10 (Jeremiah 38:31; Ex 6:14; Ex 12:3; Ex 19:3; 1 Sam 2:30; (cf. ὁ σεβαστός οἶκος, Philo in Flac. § 4)). The word is not found in the Apocalypse. [SYNONYMS: οἶκος, οἰκία: in Attic (and especially legal) usage, οἶκος denotes one's household establishment, one's entire property, οἰκία, the dwelling itself; and in prose οἶκος is not used in the sense of οἰκία. In the sense of family οἶκος and οἰκία are alike employed; Schmidt vol. ii., chapter 80. In relation to distinctions (real or supposed) between οἶκος and οἰκία the following passages are of interest (cf. Valckenaer on Herodotus 7, 224): Xenophon, oecon. 1, 5 οἶκος δέ δή τί δοκεῖ ἡμῖν κειναι; ἄρα ὅπερ οἰκία, ἤ καί ὅσα τίς ἔξω τῆς οἰκίας κέκτηται, πάντα τοῦ οἴκου ταῦτα ἐστιν... πάντα τοῦ ὀκου εἶναι ὅσα τίς κέκτηται. Aristotle, polit. 1, 2, p. 1252{b}, 9ff, ἐκ μέν οὖν τούτων τῶν δύο κοινωνιων (viz. of a man with wife and servant) οἰκία πρώτη, καί ὀρθῶς ἡσιοδος εἶπε ποιήσας "οἶκον μέν prootista] γυναῖκα τέ βοῦν τ' ἀροτηρα."... ἡ μέν οὖν εἰς πᾶσαν ἡμέραν συνεστηκυια κοινωνία κατά φύσιν οἶκος ἐστιν. ibid. 3, p. 1253{b}, 2ff, πᾶσα πόλις ἐκ οἰκιῶν σύγκειται. οἰκίας δέ μέρη, ἐκ ὧν αὖθις οἰκία συνισταται. οἰκία δέ τέλειος ἐκ δούλων καί ἐλευθέρων... πρῶτα δέ καί ἐλάχιστα μέρη οἰκίας δεσπότης καί δοῦλος καί πόσις καί ἄλοχος. πατήρ καί τέκνα, etc. Plutarch, de audiend. poetis § 6 καί γάρ οἶκον πότε μέν τήν οἰκίαν καλοῦσιν, "οἶκον ἐς ὑψοροφον." πότε δέ τήν οὐσίαν, "ἐσθίεται μοι οἶκος." (see οἰκία, c.) Hesychius' Lexicon, under the words οἰκία, οἶκοι, under the word οἶκος. ὀλίγη οἰκία... καί μέρος τί τῆς οἰκίας... καί τά ἐν τῇ οἰκία. In the N. T., although the words appear at times to be used with some discrimination (e. g. Lk 10:5, Lk 10:6, Lk 10:7; Acts 16:31, Acts 16:32, Acts 16:34; cf. Jn 14:2), yet other passages seem to show that no distinction can be insisted upon: e. g. Mt 9:23; Mk 5:38; Lk 7:36, Lk 7:37; Acts 10:17,(Acts 10:22, Acts 10:32); Acts 17:5; Acts 19:16; Acts 21:8; Acts 11:11, Acts 11:12, Acts 11:13, Acts 16:15; (1 Cor 1:16; 1 Cor 16:15).]
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 5 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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