קָלוֹן

בֹּשֶׁת bôsheth · H1322 · shame, shamefaced

Both words describe states of shame, dishonour and confusion; they are distinct Hebrew words with overlapping senses.

כְּלִמָּה kᵉlimmâh · H3639 · shame, dishonour, disgrace

This is a genuine same-language near-synonym pair: two distinct Hebrew words for shame/dishonor that could plausibly substitute in sense.

חֶרְפָּה cherpâh · H2781 · shame, reproach, disgrace

The target lexeme and חֶרְפָּה both denote states or experiences of shame or reproach, functioning as near-synonyms able to substitute for one another in expressing disgrace or dishonor.

עֶרְוָה ʻervâh · H6172 · nakedness, to have intercourse, to have sex

עֶרְוָה’s core sense is physical nakedness or exposure (with attendant shame), while the target lexeme denotes abstract dishonor or ignominy. The two share the emotional and social dimension of shame and can substitute for one another in contexts of disgrace, functioning as near-synonyms.

בּוּשָׁה bûwshâh · H955 · shame

Both words denote shame as an emotional or social state: קָלוֹן (qâlôwn, H7036) means "shame, dishonour, ignominy," and בּוּשָׁה (bûwshâh, H955) means "shame"; they describe the same basic concept.

דְּרָאוֹן dᵉrâʼôwn · H1860 · object of abhorrence

The target lexeme (dishonor, ignominy, reproach, shame) and דֵּרָאֹון (abhorring, contempt) both denote states of being despised or held in contempt, functioning as near-synonyms describing overlapping negative social evaluations.

קֶלֶס qeleç · H7047 · scorn

The target lexeme focuses on shame or dishonor as a state or condition, while קֶלֶס denotes derision or mockery as an active expression of contempt. The two are near-synonyms within the semantic space of public disgrace or contempt.

כָּבוֹד kâbôwd · H3519 · honor, power, dignity

The direct lexical opposite of קָלוֹן, denoting glory or honor rather than shame or dishonor.

ἀτιμία atimía · G819 · dishonor, disrespect

Greek ἀτιμία focuses on the state of dishonor or disgrace itself (both the objective condition and the subjective experience of indignity), serving as the standard LXX rendering of Hebrew קָלוֹן's core semantic range of shame, dishonor, and ignominy.

Shame002001002025

The word means shame, dishonor, or reproach, directly illustrated by Job's being "full of shame" (Job 10:15), the wicked being "humiliated" (Psalm 83:17), and the fool who "increases dishonor" (Proverbs 3:35).

Despise002001002005

The same sense of being held in dishonor or contempt is illustrated by the fool increasing dishonor for himself (Proverbs 3:35) and the adulterer finding "wounds and disgrace" (Proverbs 6:33).

Revile002004001009012

The word can also denote the insults directed at someone, illustrated by the one who rebukes a wicked person and "gets insults for himself" (Proverbs 9:7).

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.