Word

מַכְאֹב

makʼôb · H4341 · Hebrew · 16 occurrences

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Meanings

pain

State in which humans feel strong pain, usually as a result of a physical injury

Examples
Job 33:19 “A person is also rebuked by pain in his bed, And with constant complaint in his bones,
Psalm 38:17 For I am ready to fall, And my sorrow is continually before me.
Psalm 69:26 For they have persecuted him whom You Yourself struck, And they tell of the pain of those whom You have wounded.
sorrow, grief

Literally: pain; hence: state in which humans experience a deep sense of grief, as if wounded in spirit

Examples
Exodus 3:7 And the LORD said, “I have certainly seen the oppression of My people who are in Egypt, and have heard their outcry because of their taskmasters, for I am aware of their sufferings.
2 Chronicles 6:29 whatever prayer or plea is made by anyone or by all Your people Israel, each knowing his own affliction and his own pain, and spreading his hands toward this house,
Psalm 32:10 The sorrows of the wicked are many, But the one who trusts in the LORD, goodness will surround him.

How it’s used In 7 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive

10 occurrences in 6 groups

יmy 4
הוּhis 2
חָלָלslain, wounded 1
ךְyour 1
הּher 1
נוּour 1

Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles

2 occurrences in 3 groups

יָגָהto grieve, to afflict 1
עָלַלto practice (certain) deeds 1
רַבmany, great 1

What is done to itIt is the object

4 occurrences in 3 groups

יָדַעto know 2
יָסַףto add 1
רָאָהto see 1

What it is said to bePredicate

4 occurrences in 4 groups

יֵשׁthere is, there are 1
אָנַשׁincurable (wound 1
רָשָׁעwicked 1
נִיme 1

What is said to be itIt is the predicate

1 occurrences in 1 groups

יוֹםday, time 1

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

5 occurrences in 5 groups

אֵלto, toward 2
עַלon, upon, over, against 2
בin/on/with 2
לto/for 2
כlike/as 1

In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive

1 occurrences in 1 groups

אִישׁman, person, each 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 3 words

מֹרָה môrâh · H4786 · distress: Both words center on grief or sorrow. מֹרָה (môrâh, H4786) is a very rare word.
אֵבֶל ʼêbel · H60 · mourning: Both words denote emotional states of grief, sorrow or mourning: the target term refers to grief, pain or sorrow, and אֵבֶל (ʼêbel, H60) to mourning.
תּוּגָה tûwgâh · H8424 · grief: Both מַכְאֹב (makʼôb, H4341) and תּוּגָה (tûwgâh, H8424) denote emotional states of sorrow or grief and could substitute for one another in sense.

Semantic domains 2 entries

Impact002001001024: The fact-packet data assigns this word the Impact domain, likely reflecting the sense of physical affliction or blow that produces pain, distinct from the emotional grief the word also carries.
Grieve002001002013: מַכְאֹב most directly denotes grief, sorrow, or pain, as in the Suffering Servant's description as "a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief" (Isaiah 53:3-4).

Word family 3 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

כָּאַב kâʼab · H3510 · to be in pain, to hurt, to wound · 8×מַכְאֹבmakʼôb · H4341כְּאֵב kᵉʼêb · H3511 · wound, grief · 6×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H4341. makob מַכְאוֺב noun masculinePsa 32:10 pain; — ׳מ absolute Ecc 1:18 Ecc 1:2t.;…

H4341. makob
מַכְאוֺב noun masculinePsa 32:10 pain; — ׳מ absolute Ecc 1:18 Ecc 1:2t.; construct Psa 69:27; suffix מַכְאוֺבִי (מַכְאֹבִי) Psa 38:18 Psa 38:3t., etc.; plural מַכְאוֺבִים Psa 32:10; Ecc 2:23; מַכְאֹבוֺת Isa 53:3; suffix מַכְאֹבָיו Exo 3:7; מַכְאֹבֵינוּ Isa 53:4; —
1 pain, physical, Exo 3:7 (|| עֳנִי; compare נֹגְשָׂיו מִמְּנֵי in context); 2Ch 6:29 (|| נֶגַע); Job 33:19.
2 of mental pain, Psa 32:10 (of troubles of wicked), of Babylon Jer 51:8; Psa 38:18; Psa 69:27 (as result of sin; of ׳יs servant); in ׳יs word to Baruch Jer 45:3 (|| אֲנָחָה יָגוֺן,), compare of Israel in distress Jer 30:15 (|| שֵׁבֶר), of Jerusalem Lam 1:12 (twice in verse); Lam 1:18, Ecc 1:18 (מַכ יוֺסִיף דַּעַת ׳יוֺסִיף); Ecc 2:23 (|| עִנְיָנוֺ כַּעַם); particular of suffering servant of ׳י Isa 53:3-4, (both || חֳלִי).

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 2 entries

Impact5 occurrences Grieve10 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0