אֵבֶל
ʼêbel · H60 · Hebrew · 24 occurrences
Thing
Meanings
-
mourning
A state of grief, caused by bereavement, loss, or other difficult circumstances, and which is shown by one's actions
ExamplesGenesis 27:41 So Esau held a grudge against Jacob because of the blessing with which his father had blessed him; and Esau said to himself, “The days of mourning for my father are near; then I will kill my brother Jacob.”
Genesis 50:10 When they came to the threshing floor of Atad, which is beyond the Jordan, they mourned there with a very great and sorrowful lamentation; and he observed seven days of mourning for his father.
Genesis 50:11 Now when the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, saw the mourning at the threshing floor of Atad, they said, “This is a grievous mourning for the Egyptians.” Therefore it was named Abel-mizraim, which is beyond the Jordan.
How it’s used In 9 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
6 occurrences in 5 groups
- יָחִידonly one 2
- אָבfather 1
- מֹשֶׁהMoses 1
- ךְyour 1
- הֶםtheir 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- גָּדוֹלgreat, large 1
- כָּבֵדheavy 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- מִסְפֵּדmourning 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- עָבַרto pass 1
What is done to itIt is the object
5 occurrences in 3 groups
- עָשָׂהto do, to make 3
- הָפַךְto turn, to change, to overturn 1
- רָאָהto see 1
What it is said to bePredicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- יְהוּדִיJudean 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- זֶהthis 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
9 occurrences in 6 groups
- לto/for 8
- אֵלto, toward 2
- עַלon, upon, over, against 2
- כlike/as 2
- מִןfrom 1
- תַּחַתunder, below, instead of 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
6 occurrences in 4 groups
- בַּיִתhouse, household 2
- יוֹםday, time 2
- בְּכִיweeping 1
- בֶּגֶדgarment, clothes 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 6 words
- תּוּגָה tûwgâh · H8424 · grief
- The target lexeme (‘mourning’) and תּוּגָה (‘sorrow’) are genuine same-language near-synonyms, both denoting emotional states of grief or sadness that could substitute for each other in appropriate contexts.
- בְּכִי Bᵉkîy · H1065 · weeping
- בְּכִי (‘weeping’) and the target lexeme (‘mourning’) are natural near-synonyms in Hebrew, both denoting grief-related actions or states that could substitute for each other in contexts of expressing sorrow.
- מִסְפֵּד miçpêd · H4553 · mourning
- Both words denote mourning and grief; lamentation and mourning are closely related acts.
- תַּאֲנִיָּה taʼănîyâh · H8386 · mourning
- אֵבֶל (ʼêbel, H60) and תַּאֲנִיָּה both denote states of mourning or grief.
- מַכְאֹב makʼôb · H4341 · pain, sorrow, grief
- אֵבֶל (ʼêbel, H60) and מַכְאוֹב both denote emotional states of grief, sorrow, or mourning, states of pain and lament.
- יָגוֹן yâgôwn · H3015 · grief, sorrow
- Both words denote emotional responses to loss or distress. "Grief, sorrow" and "mourning" overlap and are substitutable, both being inner or outer expressions of sorrow.
In the other Testament 1 word
- πένθος pénthos · G3997 · to be sad, to grieve for, to weep for
- Greek πένθος denotes the emotional state of grief/sorrow, while Hebrew אֵבֶל encompasses both the emotion and its outward ritual expressions (mourning practices); the terms align as cross-linguistic equivalents in contexts where the emotional core is in view.
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Grieve002001002013
- אֵבֶל denotes mourning itself, as the days of mourning Jacob's sons observed for their father (Genesis 50:10).
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H60. ebel אֵ֫בֶל noun masculineGen 50:11 mourning — absolute Gen 50:10 Gen 50:17t.;…
אֵ֫בֶל noun masculineGen 50:11 mourning — absolute Gen 50:10 Gen 50:17t.; construct Gen 27:41 Gen 27:3t.; אֶבְלֵךְ Isa 60:20; אֶבְלָם Jer 31:13 — for dead, construct Gen 27:41; Deu 34:8 (|| בּכי) so ׳א יָחִיד simile for grievous mourning Amo 8:10, id. metaphor Jer 6:26 (|| תַּמְרוּרִים מִסְמַּד); Gen 50:11 (twice in verse); Jer 16:7 compare 2Sa 19:3 א ׳עשה Eze 24:17 (see Co) followed by לְ Gen 50:10 (see also II. אָבֵל near the end); for calamity, Est 4:3; Est 9:22 (|| יָגוֺן; contracted טוֺב יוֺם) Job 30:31 (|| בכים קול Isa 60:20; Isa 61:3 (where apparently = mourning garb, followed by תְהִלָּה מַעֲטֵה, see also Bi Che on text.; || כֵּהָה רוּחַ; contracted שָׂשׂוֺן שֶׁמֶן); Jer 31:13 (|| שׂשׂון), Lam 5:15 (|| מָחוֺל), Amo 5:16 (|| מִסְמֵּד); compare ׳א יַעֲנָה כִּבְנוֺת Mic 1:8; = time, period of mourning 2Sa 11:7; א ׳בֵּית Ecc 7:2 (|| מִשְׁתֶּה ׳בּ, Ecc 7:4 (|| ׳בּ שִׂמְחָה); א ׳בִּגְדֵי garments of mourning 2Sa 14:2.
מִצְרַיִם אֵבֶל see מ ׳אָבֵל below II. אבל.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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