יָשַׁב

H3427. yashab
יָשַׁב1090 verb sit, remain, dwell (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic יְתֵיב, ; MI10; 31 ישב, Jdg 1:8, Jdg 1:19 וישב, Jdg 1:13 ואשב, dwell; Phoenician ישב dwell; Zinjirli ישב sit DHMSendsch. 58; Assyrian ašâbu, sit, dwell, DlHWB 244; Arabic leap, jump, Himyer. dialect sit, Lane2919; Ethiopic II. 1 secum cohabitare facere, marry, consummate marriage, compare Hiph`il 4) —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular יָשַׁב Gen 13:12 +; 2 masculine singular יָשַׁבְתָּ Jdg 5:16, נָ֑הּ וְיָשַׁבְתָּה consecutive Deu 17:14; Deu 17:2masculine plural יְשַׁבְתֶּם Deu 1:46; Lev 18:3, וִישַׁבְתֶּם consecutive Lev 25:18 Lev 25:7t., etc.; Imperfect יֵשֵׁב 1Sa 5:7 +, יֵשֶׁבֿ Gen 44:33; Eze 44:3, יֵ֫שֶׁב before monosyll. 1Ki 7:8; Job 22:8; וַיֵּ֫שֶׁב Gen 4:16 +; וַיֵּשֶׁב֑ Rth 4:1; Rth 4:1singular אֵשֵׁב Jdg 6:18 +, וָאֵשֵׁב Deu 9:9 Deu 9:3t. + Eze 3:15b (but Co אשׁר Kt); אֵשְׁבָה 1Sa 27:5; אֵשֵׁבָ֑ה Isa 49:20; וָאֵשְׁבָה Eze 9:3; Eze 9:3masculine plural יֵשְׁבוּ Gen 47:4 +; 3 feminine plural תישׁבנה Eze 35:9 Kt (i.e. תֵּישַׁבְנָה Ol§ 242 d Köi. 401), Qr תָּשׁוֺבְנָה (√ שׁוב), Co proposes תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה; 1 plural נֵשֵׁב Jer 42:13-14, וַנֵּ֫שֶׁב Num 20:15 Num 20:5t.; Imperative masculine singular שֵׁב Gen 20:15 +, שֶׁבֿ Gen 35:1; שְׁבָה Gen 27:19 +; feminine singular שְׁבִי Gen 38:11 +; masculine plural שְׁבוּ Gen 22:5 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute יָשֹׁבֿ 1Sa 20:5; construct שֶׁ֫בֶת 1Sa 7:2 +; שָׁ֑בֶת Isa 40:22 +; suffix שִׁבְתִּי 2Sa 7:5 +, etc.; Participle masculine י(וֺ)שׁב Gen 4:20; Gen 24:3 +, etc.; feminine ישְׁבָה Nah 3:8; י(וֺ)שֶׁבֶת Jdg 4:5 +; י(וֺ)שָׁ֑בֶת Jos 2:5; 2Ki 4:13; ישַׁבְתְּ֯י Jer 22:23, י(וֺ)שֶׁבֶת֯י Jer 10:17; Lam 4:21; Eze 27:3 (Kt preferable in all these, see Ol§ 123 d Ges§ 90. 3 a); feminine plural ישְׁבוֺת 1Sa 27:8; —
1. a. sit on (עַל) a seat 1Sa 20:25, stone Exo 17:12, teraphim Gen 31:34, couch Gen 48:2 (all E), Eze 23:41, knees 2Ki 4:20, throne Exo 11:5; Exo 12:29 (J), Deu 17:18; 1Sa 1:9; 1Sa 4:13; 1Ki 1:13, 1Ki 1:17, 1Ki 1:20 +, see absolute below; of הָאֶרֶץ עַלחֿוּג הַיּשֵׁב ׳י, Isa 40:22; dust Isa 47:1, ground (אֶרֶץ) Eze 26:16, ashes Jon 3:6 (these in token of humiliation); sit down by (עַל) a well Exo 2:15 or pool 2Sa 2:13; with אֶל 1Sa 28:23; sit in (ב) house, street, doorway, assembly, etc. 2Sa 7:1; Jdg 19:15; Gen 38:14 (J), Jer 15:17; Jer 26:10; Psa 1:1; Son 2:3 so Eze 31:6, Eze 31:17 (figurative); of No of Amon (personified city) בַּיְאֹרִים הַיּשְׁבָה Nah 3:8 she who sate amid the rivers; with לְ sit on to (pregnantly) לָאָרֶץ Isa 3:26; Isa 47:1; Lam 2:10, לְכִסֵּא Psa 9:5, at, בית לְפֶתַח Pro 9:14, לִימִינוֺ(יׅ 1Ki 2:19; Psa 110:1; לַמַּבּוּל Psa 29:10; with לִפְנֵי Gen 43:33 (J), + שָׁם Jdg 20:26; Jdg 21:2; 2Sa 7:18 = 1Ch 17:16; with עִם 1Sa 20:5; Pro 31:22; with אֶתֿ Jer 16:8; Job 2:13; with תַּחַת Jdg 6:11; Mic 4:4, בַּצֵּל תַּחְתֶּיהָ וַיֵּשֶׁב Jon 4:5; with מִנֶּגֶד Gen 21:16 (twice in verse) (E), נֶגֶד Isa 47:14, לָעִיר מִקֶּדֶם Jon 4:5; מִצַּד 1Sa 20:25; Rth 2:14; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb Eze 28:2; לִשְׁמֹּט Exo 18:13; Joel 4:12 (compare Psa 9:5; Isa 28:6); hence absolute of sitting as king or judge Exo 18:14; Psa 61:8; Mal 3:3, יושׁבים Isa 10:13, perhaps Amo 1:5, Amo 1:8, especially of ׳י sitting (enthroned), Psa 2:4; Psa 9:8; Psa 29:10; Psa 55:20; Psa 102:13; Lam 5:19, so in (הַ)כְּרוּבִים ישֵׁב 1Sa 4:4; 2Sa 6:2 = 1Ch 13:6; 2Ki 19:15; Psa 99:1; יִשְׂרָאֵל תְּהִלּוֺת ישֵׁב Psa 22:4 (see with עַל, above); by meton. of thrones, for the judges sitting on them לְמִשְׁמָּט כִסְאוֺת יָָֽשְׁבוּ שָׁמָּה Psa 122:5; הַיּשְׁבִים Rth 4:14, i.e. in the gate (compare Rth 4:11), those in whose presence purchase of land took place.
b. sit, sit down, absolute, Jdg 19:6; Rth 4:1-2, Neh 1:4; Jer 36:15 (followed by clause of purpose, to eat, etc.) Gen 37:25; Est 3:15 +; opposed to קוּם Exo 32:6 (JE) Psa 139:2, שֶׁבֶת מְאַחֲרֵי Psa 127:2 (opposed to קוּם מַשְׁכִּימֵי); so Isa 37:28 = 2Ki 19:27 (read קֻמְךָ לְפָנַי at end of 2Ki 19:27 = 2Ki 19:26 We in BlEinl. 4, 257 RsProph. 351, and n. 9); but also שְׁבִי קוּמִי Isa 52:2, explained by (אֶלהַֿמִּטָּה וַיֵּשֶׁב מֵהָאָרֶץ וַיָּקָם 1Sa 28:23 and) 2Sa 19:9.
c. sit down outside (חוּץ), i.e. perform a necessity of nature Deu 23:14.
d. sit = be set (as a jewel), עַלמִֿלֵּאת ישְׁבוֺתּ Son 5:12 set on a filling (i.e. in a setting, De and others), in description of eyes; (> others sitting by full streams).
2. a. remain, stay, tarry (for a limited or indefinite time), with אֶת person Gen 24:55 (J), Jdg 19:4; 2Sa 16:8; with עִם person Gen 27:44 (J), עִמָּדִי Gen 29:19 (E), Jdg 17:10; with בְ local 1Sa 7:2 (of ark), 1Sa 13:16; 1Sa 14:2; 1Sa 24:4 (1Sa 23:25 read אֲשֶׁר for ᵐ5 וַיֵּשֶׁב We Dr Klo Kit Bu), 2Sa 10:5; 2Sa 19:25 (where read שִׁבְתּוֺ for שִׁיבָתוֺ Dr Klo Bu, see We), Num 35:25 (P), Job 24:13; with שָׁם 1Ki 11:16, עַדעֿוֺלָם שָׁם 1Sa 1:22; with על (by) 1Sa 25:13; 1Sa 30:24; מֹּה 2Ki 7:4; הַחֲמוֺר עִםֿ מֹּה לָכֶם שְׁבוּ Gen 22:5 (E); with בֵּין Jdg 5:16, לְ מִחוּץ Lev 14:8 (P),אֵצֶל 1Sa 20:19; with accusative בית 2Sa 6:11; 2Sa 13:20; Rth 2:7; absolute 1Sa 1:23 (twice in verse); abide, endure Mic 5:3, תֵּשֵׁב לְעוֺלָם וְיהוּדָה Joel 4:20, so of Mt. Zion Psa 121:1.
b. with special emphasis on qualifying phrase, קַשְׁתּוֺ בְּאֵיתָן וַתֵּשֶׁב Gen 49:24 and his bow abode as a firm one (poem in J); 1Ki 22:1 and they continued three years without war; of woman remaining טָהֳרָה בִּדְמֵי Lev 12:4, וגו ׳עלדֿמי Lev 12:5.
3 dwell, have one's abode in (ב) a land, city, house, etc., Gen 4:16; Gen 13:7, Gen 13:12 (twice in verse); Gen 19:29; Gen 24:37, Gen 24:62; Deu 1:4; Deu 3:2; Jos 20:6; 2Sa 7:6 + often (on 2Sa 21:16 see בְנֹב ישׁבו, p. 444); in tents Jer 35:7, Jer 35:10; 1Ch 5:10; figurative of justice (צְדָקָה) Isa 32:16 (|| מִשְׁמָּט וְשָׁכֵן); in the midst of (בְּקֶרֶב) Gen 24:3; Jos 13:13; Jos 16:10; Jdg 1:30, Jdg 1:32, Jdg 1:33; Jdg 3:5; so with בְּתוֺךְ Gen 23:10 (P); with עַל + הארץ, of God 1Ki 8:27 2Ch 6:18; of people Lev 25:18-19, Lev 26:35 (H); with לְ Job 15:28; with בֵּין Gen 20:1 (E); dwell with (אֶת) Gen 34:16, Gen 34:22 (P), Exo 2:21 (E), Jos 15:63 (JE), Jdg 1:16, Jdg 1:21; Jdg 17:11; אֶתמָּֿנֶיךָ יְשָׁרִים יֵשְׁבוּ Psalm 140:14; so with עִם Jos 20:4; Deu 23:17 (+ בקרב), Psa 26:4 (i.e. assoc. with); with יַחְדָּו Gen 13:6 (twice in verse) (J), Gen 36:7 (P), Deu 25:5; גַּםיָֿ֑חַד שֶׁבֶת Psa 133:1; dwell in their stead (תַּחְתָּם) Deu 2:12 (twice in verse); Deu 2:22-23, 1Ch 4:41; 1Ch 5:22; absolute יְצָרָהּ לָשֶׁבֶת Isa 45:18 for dwelling he formed it (the earth); (thy) dwelling-place is שִׁבְתְּךָ מְקוֺם 1Ki 8:30 2Ch 6:21, also שׁ ׳מְכוֺן 1Ki 8:39, 1Ki 8:43, 1Ki 8:49 2Ch 6:30, 2Ch 6:33, 2Ch 6:39, so Psa 33:14; לְש֔ ׳מָכוֺן Exo 15:17; 1Ki 8:13 2Ch 6:2. Participle ישֵׁב = substantive, dweller, inhabitant, very often (c. 215 t.): e.g. אהלים ישֵׁב Gen 25:27 (J); often collective אהל ישֵׁב Gen 4:20 (J), הָאָרֶץ ישׁב Gen 34:30; Gen 50:11 (both J), Exo 34:12, Exo 34:15 (JE); also in poetry f., (as collective; see Dr on 1Sa 17:21) שָׁפִיר יוֺשֶׁבֶת etc., MI 1Sa 1:11 (twice in verse); 1Sa 1:12-13, 1Sa 1:15; צִיּוֺן יוֺשֶׁבֶת Isa 12:6; Jer 51:35; similarly Jer 10:17; Jeremiah 21:23; Jer 48:19 (compare Lam 4:21) Zec 2:11; with בת in app. (Da§28 R. 6), בַּתמִֿצְרַיִם יוֺשֶׁבֶת Jer 46:19, so Jer 48:18; more usually plural הֶעָרִים ישְׁבֵי Gen 19:25 (J), compare Deu 13:14; הָאָרֶץ ישְׁבֵי Exo 23:21 (JE), compare Exo 15:14-15, (poem in E); תֵבֵל ישְׁבֵי Isa 18:3, חָ֑דֶל יוֺשְׁבֵי Isa 38:11, etc.; ישְׁבֶיהָ Lev 18:25; Lev 25:10 (H), Num 13:32 (P); absolute יוֺשֵׁב (collective) Amo 1:5, Amo 1:8; Isa 49:19; הַיוֺשְׁבִים 1Ch 9:2; also (strangely) הארץ ישְׁבוֺת 1Sa 27:8 = the populations of the land We Dr (elsewhere in this sense only feminine singular and in poetry, see above); frequently in phrase without in habitant (i.e. so that there shall be no inhabitants), ישׁב מֵאֵין Isa 5:9; Isa 6:4; Jer 4:7; Jer 26:9; Jer 33:10; Jeremiah 34:23; Jer 44:22; Jer 46:19; Jer 51:29, Jer 51:37; Zep 2:5; Zep 3:6; בָּהֶן יוֺשֵׁב מֵאֵין Jer 48:9; ישֵׁב מִבְּלִי Jer 2:15; Jer 9:10; בָּהּ יוֺשֵב יִהְיֶה לאֹ Jer 50:3; יוֺשֵׁב הֱיוֺתבּֿוֺ לְבִלְתִּי Jer 51:62.
4 of a land or city, sit, abide seated in its place, figurative for be inhabited Jer 17:6, Jer 17:25; Jer 50:13, Jer 50:39; Eze 26:20; Eze 29:11; Eze 36:35; Isa 13:20 (|| תִּשְׁכּוֺן לאֹ), Zec 2:8; Zec 9:5; Zec 14:11; תַּחְתֶּיהָ יָָֽשְׂבָה Zec 12:6; Zec 14:10; Eze 35:9 Kt is תישׁבנה, Qr תָּשׁוֺבְנָה; Co תושׁבנה, i.e. Niph`al תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה (compare Eze 36:10), or Hoph`al תּוּשַׁבְנָה (compare Isa 44:26); of palace, יֵשֵׁב עַלמִֿשְׁמָּטוֺ וְאַרְמוֺן Jer 30:18.
Niph`al Perfect3feminine singular נוֺשָׁ֑בָה Jer 6:8; Jer 6:3plural וְנָֽשְׁבוּ consecutive Eze 36:10, נוֺשָׂ֑בוּ Eze 26:19, נוֺשָׁ֑בֻ֯ה Jer 22:6; Participle feminine נוֺשֶׁבֶת Eze 26:17 ( < ᵐ5 נִשְׁבַּתְּ Co, √ שׁבת), נוֺשָׁ֑בֶת Exo 16:35; plural נוֺשָׁבוֺת Eze 12:20; Eze 38:12; — be inhabited, of land Exo 16:35 (perhaps = be habitable), Jer 6:8; of cities Jer 22:6; Eze 12:20; Eze 26:19; Eze 36:10; נוֺשָׁבוֺת חֳרָבוֺת Eze 38:12; — Eze 26:17 see above; Eze 35:9 see Qal 4.
Pi`el Perfect3masculine plural בָּ֑ךְ טִירוֺתֵיהֶם וְיִשְּׁבוּ Eze 25:4 and they shall set their encampments in thee (ᵑ6 ᵐ5 Co וְיֵשְׁבוּ inhabit.
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular השִׁיב Ezr 10:14, suffix הוֺשַׁיבַנִי Lam 3:6; Psa 143:3; Psa 143:1singular הוֺשַׁבְתִּי Lev 23:33, וְה(וֺ)שַׁבְתִּים consecutive Hos 11:11; Jer 32:37; וְהוֺשְׁבוֺתִים consecutive Zec 10:6 (Köi, 413; but probably text error, see Thes and GesLgb 464; read probably וַהֲשִׁבוֺתִים as Zec 10:10, so StaZAW. 1881, 21 We), etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיּוֺשֵׁב Gen 47:11, וַיּוֺ֫שֶׁב2Ch 8:2; Psa 107:36; suffix וַיּוֺשִׁיבַי֯נִי 1Ki 2:24 (Köi, 414. 224); וַיּשִׁיבֵם Job 36:7; Job 36:1plural ונּ֫שֶׁב Ezr 10:2, etc.; Imperative masculine singular <he