πόνος
pónos · G4192 · Greek · 4 occurrences
Meanings
-
pain, suffering
The experience of pain, normally involving both continuity and intensity
ExamplesRevelation 16:10 And the fifth angel poured out his bowl on the throne of the beast, and his kingdom became darkened; and they gnawed their tongues because of pain,
Revelation 16:11 and they blasphemed the God of heaven because of their pain and their sores; and they did not repent of their deeds.
Revelation 21:4 and He will wipe away every tear from their eyes; and there will no longer be any death; there will no longer be any mourning, or crying, or pain; the first things have passed away.”
-
hard work, burdensome labor
Hard work, implying accompanying pain and distress
ExamplesColossians 4:13 For I testify for him that he has a deep concern for you and for those who are in Laodicea and Hierapolis.
How it’s used In 5 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- πολύςmany 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- εἰμίto be 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ἔχωto have 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 1 groups
- ἐκfrom 3
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 2 words
- עָמָל ʻâmâl · H5999 · labor, toil, hard-earned wealth
- Hebrew עָמָל encompasses both the physical toil and resulting anguish that Greek πόνος denotes, making it a direct semantic equivalent across the labor-suffering spectrum.
- אָוֶן ʼâven · H205 · evil, iniquity, misfortune
- Hebrew אָוֶן (ʼâven, H205) emphasizes the moral dimension of affliction as iniquity, wickedness, or vain idolatry producing sorrow, while Greek πόνος (pónos, G4192) focuses on the experiential dimension of toil and its resulting anguish without inherent moral judgment.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Pain, suffering24.77
- The noun names physical pain or suffering. John's vision of the fifth bowl judgment uses this term: “And the fifth angel poured out his bowl on the throne of the beast, and his kingdom became darkened; and they gnawed their tongues because of pain” (Revelation 16:10).
- Hard work, burdensome labor42.49
- The same noun can describe strenuous or burdensome labor undertaken on behalf of others. Paul's commendation of Epaphras uses this term: “For I testify for him that he has a deep concern for you and for those who are in Laodicea and Hierapolis” (Colossians 4:13, where the underlying noun names the burdensome effort of his labor for them).
Word family 9 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon πόνου, ὁ (πένομαι (see πένης)), from Homer down, the Sept. for עָמָל, יְגִיעַ, etc.,…
1. equivalent to great trouble, intense desire: ὑπέρ τίνος (genitive of person), Col 4:13 (where Rec. has ζῆλον (cf. Lightfoot at the passage)).
2. pain: Rev 16:10; Rev 21:4. (Synonym: see κόπος, at the end.)
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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