πᾶς

πᾶσα, πᾶν, genitive παντός, πάσης, παντός, (dative plural, Lachmann πᾶσι ten times, πασσιν seventy-two times; Tdf. πᾶσι five times (see Proleg., p. 98f), πᾶσιν seventy-seven times; Treg. πᾶσιν eighty-two times; WH πᾶσι fourteen times, πᾶσιν sixty-eight times; see Nu, (ἐφελκυστικον)), Hebrew כֹּל (from Homer down), all, every; it is used:
I. adjectivally, and
1. with anarthrous nouns;
a. any, every one (namely, of the class denoted by the norm annexed to πᾶς); with the singular: as πᾶν δένδρον, Mt 3:10; πᾶσα θυσία, Mk 9:49 (T WH Tr marginal reading omits; Tr text brackets the clause); add, Mt 5:11; Mt 15:13; Lk 4:37; Jn 2:10; Jn 15:2; Acts 2:43; Acts 5:42; Rom 14:11; 1 Cor 4:17; Rev 18:17, and very often; πᾶσα ψυχή ἀνθρώπου, Rom 2:9 (πᾶσα ἄνθρωπος ψυχή, Plato, Phaedr., p. 249 e.); πᾶσα συνείδησις ἀνθρώπων, 2 Cor 4:2; πᾶς λεγόμενος Θεός, 2 Thess 2:4; πᾶς ἅγιος ἐν Χριστῷ, Phm 4:21ff with the plural, all or any that are of the class indicated by the noun: as πάντες ἄνθρωποι, Acts 22:15; Rom 5:12, Rom 5:18; Rom 12:17; 1 Cor 7:7; 1 Cor 15:19; πάντες ἅγιοι, Rom 16:15; πάντες ἄγγελοι Θεοῦ, Heb 1:6; πάντα (L T Tr WH τά) ἔθνη, Rev 14:8; on the phrase πᾶσα σάρξ, see σάρξ, 3.
b. any and every, of every kind (A. V. often all manner of): πᾶσα νόσος καί μαλακία, Mt 4:23; Mt 9:35; Mt 10:1; εὐλογία, blessings of every kind, Eph 1:3; so especially with nouns designating virtues or vices, emotions, character, condition, to indicate every mode in which such virtue, vice or emotion manifests itself, or any object whatever to which the idea expressed by the noun belongs: — thus, πᾶσα ἐλπίς, Acts 27:20; σοφία, Acts 7:22; Col 1:28; γνῶσις, Rom 15:14; ἀδικία, ἀσέβεια, etc., Rom 1:18, Rom 1:29; 2 Cor 10:6; Eph 4:19, Eph 4:31; Eph 5:3; σπουδή, 2 Cor 8:7; 2 Pet 1:5; ἐπιθυμία, Rom 7:8; χαρά, Rom 15:13; αὐτάρκεια, 2 Cor 9:8; ἐν παντί λόγῳ καί γνώσει, 1 Cor 1:5; σοφία καί φρονήσει etc. Eph 1:8; ἐν πάσῃ ἀγαθωσύνη καί δικαιοσύνη, καί ἀλήθεια, Eph 5:9; αἰσθήσει, Phm 1:9; ὑπομονή, θλῖψις, etc., 2 Cor 1:4; 2 Cor 12:12; add, Col 1:9-11; Col 3:16; 2 Thess 1:11; 2 Thess 2:9; 1 Tim 1:15; 1 Tim 5:2; 1 Tim 6:1; 2 Tim 4:2; Tit 2:15 (on which see σπιταγη); ; Jas 1:21; 1 Pet 2:1; 1 Pet 5:10; πᾶσα δικαιοσύνη, i. e. ὁ ἄν ἤ δίκαιον, Mt 3:15; πᾶν θέλημα τοῦ Θεοῦ, everything God wills, Col 4:12; πᾶσα ὑποταγῇ, obedience in all things, 1 Tim 2:11; πάσῃ συνειδήσει ἀγαθή, consciousness of rectitude in all things, Acts 23:1; — or it signifies the highest degree, the maximum, of the thing which the noun denotes (cf. Winer's Grammar, 110 (105f); Ellicott on Eph 1:8; Meyer on Phm 1:20; Krüger, § 50, 11, 9 and 10): as μετά πάσης παρρησίας, Acts 4:29; Acts 28:31; μετά πάσης ταπεινοφροσύνης, Acts 20:19; προθυμίας, Acts 17:11; χαρᾶς, Phm 2:29, cf. Jas 1:2; ἐν πάσῃ ἀσφάλεια, Acts 5:23; ἐν παντί φόβῳ, 1 Pet 2:18; πᾶσα ἐξουσία, Mt 28:18 (πᾶν κράτος, Sophocles Phil. 142).
c. the whole (all, Latintotus): so before proper names of countries, cities, nations; as, πᾶσα Ἱεροσόλυμα, Mt 2:3; πᾶς, Ἰσραήλ, Rom 11:26; before collective terms, as πᾶς οἶκος Ἰσραήλ, Acts 2:36; πᾶσα κτίσις (see κτίσις, 2 b.); πᾶσα γραφή (nearly equivalent to the ὅσα προεγράφη in Rom 15:4), 2 Tim 3:16 (cf. Rothe, Zur Dogmatik, p. 181); πᾶσα γερουσία υἱῶν Ἰσραήλ, Ex 12:21; πᾶς ἵππος Φαραώ, Ex 14:23; πᾶν δίκαιον ἔθνος, Additions to Est 1:9 [Esther 11:71:1f]; by a somewhat rare usage before other substantives also, as (πᾶν πρόσωπον τῆς γῆς, Acts 17:26 L T Tr WH); οἰκοδομή, Eph 2:21 G L T Tr WH, cf. Harless at the passage, p. 262 (others find no necessity here for resorting to this exceptional use, but render (with R. V.) each several building (cf. Meyer)); πᾶν τέμενος, 3Macc. 1:13 (where see Grimm); Παύλου... ὅς ἐν πάσῃ ἐπιστολή μνημονεύει ὑμῶν, Ignatius ad Eph. 12 [ET] ((yet cf. Lightfoot)); cf. Passow, under the word πᾶς, 2; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, A. II.); Winers Grammar, § 18, 4; (Buttmann, § 127, 29); Krüger, § 50, 11, 8 to 11; Kühner, see 545f.
2. with nouns which have the article, all the, the whole (see c. just above): — with the singular; as, πᾶσα ἡ ἀγέλη, the whole herd, Mt 8:32; πᾶς ὁ ὄχλος, Mt 13:2; πᾶς ὁ κόσμος, Rom 3:19; Col 1:6; πᾶσα ἡ πόλις (i. e. all its inhabitants), Mt 8:34; Mt 21:10, etc.; πᾶσα ἡ Ἰουδαία, Mt 3:5; add, Mt 27:25; Mk 5:33; Lk 1:10; Acts 7:14; Acts 10:2; Acts 20:28; Acts 22:5; Rom 4:16; Rom 9:17; 1 Cor 13:2 (πίστιν καί γνῶσιν in their whole compass and extent); Eph 4:16; Col 1:19; Col 2:9, Col 2:19; Phm 1:3; Heb 2:15; Rev 5:6, etc.; the difference between πᾶσα ἡ θλῖψις (all) and πᾶσα θλῖψις (any) appears in 2 Cor 1:4. πᾶς ὁ λαός οὗτος, Lk 9:13; πᾶσαν τήν ὀφειλήν ἐκείνην, Mt 18:32; πᾶς placed after the noun has the force of a predicate: τήν κρίσιν πᾶσαν δέδωκέ, the judgment he hath given wholly (cf. Winer's Grammar, 548 (510)), Jn 5:22; τήν ἐξουσίαν... πᾶσαν ποιεῖ, Rev 13:12; it is placed between the article and noun (Buttmann, § 127, 29; Winer's Grammar, 549 (510)), as τόν πάντα χρόνον, i. e. always, Acts 20:18; add, Gal 5:14; 1 Tim 1:16 (here L T Tr WH ἅπας); — with a plural, all (the totality of the persons or things designated by the noun): πάντας τούς ἀρχιερεῖς, Mt 2:4; add, Mt 4:8; Mt 11:13; Mk 4:13; Mk 6:33; Lk 1:6, Lk 1:48; Acts 10:12, Acts 10:43; Rom 1:5; Rom 15:11; 1 Cor 12:26; 1 Cor 15:25; 2 Cor 8:18, and very often; with a demonstrative pronoun added, Mt 25:7; Lk 2:19, Lk 2:51 (here T WH omit L Tr marginal reading brackets the pronoun); πάντες is placed after the noun: τάς πόλεις πάσας, the cities all (of them) (cf. Winer's Grammar, as above), Mt 9:35: Acts 8:40; add, Mt 10:30; Lk 7:35 (here L Tr WH text πάντων τῶν etc.); Lk 12:7; Acts 8:40; Acts 16:26; Rom 12:4; 1 Cor 7:17; 1 Cor 10:1; 1 Cor 13:2; 1 Cor 15:7; 1 Cor 16:20; 2 Cor 13:2, 2 Cor 13:12(13); Phm 1:13; 1 Thess 5:26; 2 Tim 4:21 (WH brackets πάντες); Rev 8:3; οἱ πάντες followed by a noun, Acts 19:7; Acts 27:37; τούς κατά τά ἔθνη πάντας Ἰουδαίους, Acts 21:21 (here L omits; Tr brackets πάντας).
II. without a substantive;
1. masculine and feminine every one, any one: in the singular, without any addition, Mk 9:49; Lk 16:16; Heb 2:9; followed by a relative pronoun, πᾶς ὅστις, Mt 7:24; Mt 10:32; πᾶς ὅς, Mt 19:29 (L T Tr WH ὅστις); Gal 3:10; πᾶς ὅς ἄν (ἐάν Tr WH), whosoever, Acts 2:21; πᾶς ἐξ ὑμῶν ὅς, Lk 14:33; with a participle which has not the article (Winer's Grammar, 111 (106)): παντός ἀκούοντος (if anyone heareth, whoever he is), Mt 13:19; παντί ὀφείλοντι ἡμῖν, everyone owing (if he owe) us anything, unless ὀφείλοντι is to be taken substantively, every debtor of ours, Lk 11:4; with a participle which has the article and takes the place of a relative clause (Winer's Grammar, as above): πᾶς ὁ ὀργιζόμενος, everyone that is angry, Mt 5:22; add, Mt 7:8; Lk 6:47; Jn 3:8, Jn 3:20; Jn 6:45; Acts 10:43; Acts 13:39; Rom 1:16; Rom 2:10; Rom 12:3; 1 Cor 9:25; 1 Cor 16:16; Gal 3:13; 1 Jn 2:23; 1 Jn 3:3f, 6, etc. Plural, πάντες, without any addition, all men: Mt 10:22; Mk 13:13; Lk 20:38; Lk 21:17; Jn 1:7; Jn 3:31a (in 31b G T WH marginal reading omit the clause); Jn 5:23; Jn 6:45; ; Acts 17:25; Rom 10:12; 1 Cor 9:19; 2 Cor 5:14(); Eph 3:9 (here T WH text omit; L brackets πάντας); of a certain definite whole: all (the people), Mt 21:26; all (we who hold more liberal views), 1 Cor 8:1; all (the members of the church), 1 Cor 8:7; by hyperbole equivalent to the great majority, the multitude, Jn 3:26; all (just before mentioned), Mt 14:20; Mt 22:27; Mt 27:22; Mk 1:27 (here T Tr WH ἅπαντες); Mk 1:37; Mk 6:39, Mk 6:42; ( Lachmann); Lk 1:63; Lk 4:15; Jn 2:15, Jn 2:24, and very often; (all (about to be mentioned), διά πάντων namely, τῶν ἁγίων (as is shown by the following καί κτλ.), Acts 9:32). οἱ πάντες, all taken together, all collectively (cf. Winer's Grammar, 116 (110)): of all men, Rom 11:32; of a certain definite whole, Phm 2:21; with the 1 person plural of the verb, 1 Cor 10:17; Eph 4:13; with a definite number, in all (cf. Buttmann, § 127, 29): ἦσαν δέ οἱ πάντες ἄνδρες ὡσεί δεκαδύο (or δώδεκα), Acts 19:7; ἤμεθα αἱ ψυχαί διακόσιαι ἑβδομήκοντα ἕξ, Acts 27:37 (ἐπ' ἄνδρας τούς πάντας δύο, Judith 4:7; ἐγένοντο οἱ πάντες ὡς τετρακόσιοι, Josephus, Antiquities 6, 12, 3; τούς πάντας εἰς δυσχιλιους, id. 4, 7, 1; ὡς εἶναι τάς πάσας δέκα, Aelian v. h. 12, 35; see other examples from Greek authors in Passow, under the word πᾶς, 5 b.; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, C.); relinquitur ergo, ut omnia tria genera sint causarum, Cicero, de invent. 1, 9); οἱ πάντες, all those I have spoken of, 1 Cor 9:22; 2 Cor 5:14(15). πάντες ὅσοι, all as many as, Mt 22:10; Lk 4:40 (here Tr marginal reading WH text ἅπαντες); Jn 10:8; Acts 5:36f; πάντες οἱ with a participle, all (they) that: Mt 4:24; Mk 1:32; Lk 2:18, Lk 2:38; Acts 2:44; Acts 4:16; Rom 1:7; Rom 10:12; 1 Cor 1:2; 2 Cor 1:1; Eph 6:24; 1 Thess 1:7; 2 Thess 1:10; Heb 3:16; 2 Jn 1:1; Rev 13:8; Rev 18:19, Rev 18:24, and often. πάντες οἱ namely, ὄντες: Mt 5:15; Lk 5:9; Jn 5:28; Acts 2:39; Acts 5:17; Acts 16:32; Rom 9:6; 2 Tim 1:15; 1 Pet 5:14, etc. πάντες with personal and demonst. pronouns (compare Winer's Grammar, 548 (510)): ἡμεῖς πάντες, Jn 1:16; Rom 8:32; 2 Cor 3:18; Eph 2:3; πάντες ἡμεῖς, Acts 2:32; Acts 10:33; Acts 26:14; Acts 28:2; Rom 4:16; οἱ πάντες ἡμεῖς, 2 Cor 5:10; ὑμεῖς πάντες, Acts 20:25; πάντες ὑμεῖς, Mt 23:8; Mt 26:31; Lk 9:48; Acts 22:3; Rom 15:33; 2 Cor 7:15; (Gal 3:28 R G L WH); Phm 1:4, Phm 1:7; 1 Thess 1:2; 2 Thess 3:16, 2 Thess 3:18; Tit 3:15; Heb 13:25, etc.; αὐτοί πάντες, 1 Cor 15:10; πάντες αὐτοί, Acts 4:33; Acts 19:17; Acts 20:36; οὗτοι πάντες, Acts 1:14; Acts 17:7; Heb 11:13, Heb 11:39; πάντες (L T ἅπαντες) οὗτοι, Acts 2:7; οἱ δέ πάντες, and they all, Mk 14:64.
2. Neuter πᾶν, everything (anything) whatsoever;
a. in the singular: πᾶν τό followed by a participle (on the neuter in a concrete and collective sense cf. Buttmann, § 128, 1), 1 Cor 10:25, 1 Cor 10:27; Eph 5:13; 1 Jn 5:4; πᾶν τό namely, ὄν, 1 Jn 2:16; πᾶν ὁ, Rom 14:23; Jn 6:37, Jn 6:39 (R. V. all that); Jn 17:2; πᾶν ὁ, τί ἄν or ἐάν, whatsoever, Col 3:17, and Rec. in Col 3:23. Joined to prepositions it forms adverbial phrases: παντός or διαπαντός, always, perpetually, see διά, A. II. 1 a.; ἐν παντί, either in every condition, or in every matter, Phm 4:6; 1 Thess 5:18; in everything, in every way, on every side, in every particular or relation, 2 Cor 4:8; 2 Cor 7:5, 2 Cor 7:11, 2 Cor 7:16; 2 Cor 11:6, 2 Cor 11:9; Eph 5:24; πλουτίζεσθαι, 1 Cor 1:5; (περισσεύειν), 2 Cor 8:7; ἐν παντί καί ἐν πᾶσιν (see μυέω, b.), Phm 4:12.
b. Plural, πάντα (without the article (cf. Winers Grammar, 116 (110); Matthiae, § 438)) all things; α. of a certain definite totality or sum of things, the context shewing what things are meant: Mk 4:34; Mk 6:30; Lk 1:3; (v. 28 L T Tr WH); Jn 4:25 (here T Tr WH ἅπαντα); Rom 8:28; 2 Cor 6:10; Gal 4:1; Phm 2:14; 1 Thess 5:21; 2 Tim 2:10; Tit 1:15; 1 Jn 2:27; πάντα ὑμῶν, all ye do with one another, 1 Cor 16:14; πάντα γίνεσθαι πᾶσιν (A. V. to become all things to all men), i. e. to adapt oneself in all ways to the needs of all, 1 Cor 9:22 L T Tr WH (Rec. τά πάντα i. e. in all the ways possible or necessary); cf. Kypke, Obs. ii, p. 215f. β. accusative πάντα (adverbially), wholly, altogether, in all ways, in all things, in all respects: Acts 20:35; 1 Cor 9:25; 1 Cor 10:33; 1 Cor 11:2; cf. Matthiae, § 425, 5; Passow, ii, p. 764a; (Liddell and Scott, under the word D. II. 4). γ. πάντα, in an absolute sense, all things that exist, all created things: Jn 1:3; 1 Cor 2:10; 1 Cor 15:27; Heb 2:8 (and L T Tr WH in ); Eph 1:22; Col 1:17; 1 Pet 4:7; Rev 21:5; (in Rom 9:5 πάντων is more fitly taken as genitive masculine (but see the commentaries at the passage)). ποίᾳ ἐστιν ἐντολή πρώτη πάντων (genitive neuter; Rec. πασῶν), what commandment is first of all (things), Mk 12:28 (ἐφασκε λέγων κορυδον πάντων πρώτην ὀρνιθα γενέσθαι, προτέραν τῆς γῆς, Aristophanes av. 472; τάς πόλεις... ἐλευθερουν καί πάντων μάλιστα Ἀντανδρον, Thucydides 4, 52; cf. Winers Grammar, § 27,6; (Buttmann, § 150, 6; Green, p. 109); Fritzsche on Mark, p. 538]. δ. with the article (cf. references in b. above), τά πάντα; αα. in an absolute sense, all things collectively, the totality of created things, the universe of things: Rom 11:36; 1 Cor 8:6; Eph 3:9; Eph 4:10; Phm 3:21; Col 1:16; Heb 1:3; Heb 2:10; Rev 4:11; τά πάντα ἐν πᾶσι πληροῦσθαι, to fill the universe of things in all places, Eph 1:23 (Rec. omits τά; but others take ἐν πᾶσιν here modally (see θ'. below), others instrumentally (see Meyer at the passage)). ββ. in a relative sense: Mk 4:11 (Tdf. omits τά) (the whole substance of saving teaching); Acts 17:25 (not Rec.st) (all the necessities of life); Rom 8:32 (all the things that he can give for our benefit); all intelligent beings (others include things material also), Eph 1:10; Col 1:20; it serves by its universality to designate every class of men, all mankind (cf. Winers Grammar, § 27, 5; Buttmann, § 128, 1), Gal 3:22 (cf. Rom 11:32); 1 Tim 6:13; εἶναι τά (T WH omit τά) πάντα, to avail for, be a substitute for, to possess supreme authority, καί ἐν πᾶσιν (i. e. either with all men or in the minds of all (others take πᾶσιν as neuter, cf. Lightfoot at the passage)), Col 3:11; ἵνα ἤ ὁ Θεός τά (L Tr WH omit τά) πάντα ἐν πᾶσιν (neuter according to Grimm (as below)), i. e. that God may rule supreme by his spiritual power working within all, 'may be the immanent and controlling principle of life,' 1 Cor 15:28 (so in secular authors πάντα or ἅπαντα without the article: πάντα ἦν ἐν τοισι Βαβυλωνιοισι Ζωπυρος, Herodotus 3, 157; cf. Herm. ad Vig., p. 727; other examples from secular authors are given in Kypke, Observations, ii., p. 230f; Palairet, Observations, p. 407; cf. Grimm in the Zeitschr. f. wissensch. Theol. for 1873, p. 394ff); accusative (adverbially, cf. β. above) τά πάντα, in all the parts (in which we grow (Meyer)), in all respects, Eph 4:15. The article in τά πάντα refers — in 1 Cor 11:12 to the things before mentioned (husband and wife, and their mutual dependence); in 2 Cor 4:15 to 'all the things that befall me'; in 1 Cor 15:27; Phm 3:8, to the preceding πάντα; in Col 3:8 τά πάντα serves to sum up what follows (Winer's Grammar, 107 (102)). πάντα τά followed by a participle (see πᾶς, πάντες, II. 1 above): Mt 18:31; Lk 12:44; Lk 17:10; Lk 18:31; Lk 21:22; Lk 24:44; Jn 18:4; Acts 10:33; Acts 24:14; Gal 3:10; τά πάντα with participle, Lk 9:7; Eph 5:13; πάντα τά namely, ὄντα (see πᾶς (πᾶν), πάντες, II. 1 and 2 above), Mt 23:20; Acts 4:24; Acts 14:15; Acts 17:24; πάντα τά ὧδε, namely, ὄντα, Col 4:9; τά κατ' ἐμέ, Col 4:7 (see κατά, II. 3 b.). ζ. and τά πάντα with pronouns: τά ἐμά πάντα, Jn 17:10; πάντα τά ἐμά, Lk 15:31; ταῦτα πάντα, these things all taken together (Winer's Grammar, 548 (510); Fritzsche on Mt 24:33, Mt 24:34; cf. Bornemann on Lk 21:36; Lobeck, Paralip., p. 65): Mt 4:9; Mt 6:33; Mt 13:34, Mt 13:51; Lk 12:30; Lk 16:14; Lk 21:36 (πάντα τά L marginal reading); Lk 24:9 (Tdf. πάντα ταῦτα); Acts 7:50; Rom 8:37; 2 Pet 3:11; πάντα ταῦτα, all these things (references as above): Mt 6:32; Mt 24:8, Mt 24:33 (T Tr text ταῦτα πάντα),34 (Tr marginal reading ταῦτα πάντα); Lk 7:18; Acts 24:8; 1 Cor 12:11; Col 3:14; 1 Thess 4:6; the reading varies also between πάντα ταῦτα and ταῦτα πάντα in Mt 19:20; Mt 23:36; Mt 24:2; πάντα τά συμβεβηκότα ταῦτα, Lk 24:14; πάντα ἅ, Jn 4:29 (T WH Tr marginal reading (see the next entry)); Jn 4:45 (here L Tr WH ὅσα (see the next entry)); ; Acts 10:39; Acts 13:39. εε. πάντα ὅσα: Mt 7:12; Mt 13:46; Mt 18:25; Mt 28:20; Mk 12:44; Jn 4:29 (see ζ' above), L Tr WH; Jn 10:41; Jn 16:15; ; Acts 3:22; πάντα ὅσα, ἄν (or ἐάν), Mt 21:22; Mt 23:3; Mk 11:24 (G L T Tr WH omit ἄν); Acts 3:22. τη. πάντα with prepositions forms adverbial phrases: πρό πάντων, before or above all things (see πρό, c.), Jas 5:12; 1 Pet 4:8. (But περί πάντων, 3 Jn 1:2, must not be referred to this head, as though it signified above all things; it is rather as respects all things, and depends on εὔχομαι (apparently a mistake for εὐοδοῦσθαι; yet see περί, the passage cited ἆ.), cf. Lücke at the passage, 2nd edition, p. 370 (3rd edition, p. 462f; Westcott at the passage); Winer's Grammar, 373 (350)). (on διά πάντων, Acts 9:32, see 1 above.) ἐν πᾶσιν, in all things, in all ways, altogether: 1 Tim 3:11; 1 Tim 4:15 (Rec.); 2 Tim 2:7; 2 Tim 4:5; Tit 2:9; Heb 13:4, Heb 13:18; 1 Pet 4:11 (see also 2 a. at the end, above); ἐπί πᾶσιν, see ἐπί, B. 2 d., p. 233b. κατά πάντα, in all respects: Acts 17:22; Col 3:20, Col 3:22; Heb 2:17; Heb 4:15.
III. with negatives;
1. οὐ πᾶς, not everyone.
2. πᾶς οὐ (where οὐ belongs to the verb), no one, none, see οὐ, 2, p. 460b; πᾶς μή (so that μή must be joined to the verb), no one, none, in final sentences, Jn 3:15; Jn 6:39; Jn 12:46; 1 Cor 1:29; with an imperative Eph 4:29 (1 Macc. 5:42); πᾶς... οὐ μή with the aorist subjunctive (see μή, IV. 2), Rev 18:22.