Word

ἁμαρτωλός

hamartōlós · G268 · Greek · 47 occurrences

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Meanings

sinful, sinning

(Derivative of ἁμαρτάνω ‘to sin,’) Pertaining to sinful behavior

Examples
Mark 8:38 “For whoever is ashamed of Me and My words in this adulterous and sinful generation, the Son of Man will also be ashamed of him when He comes in the glory of His Father with the holy angels.”
Mark 14:41 And He came the third time, and said to them, “Are you still sleeping and resting? That is enough. The hour has come; behold, the Son of Man is being betrayed into the hands of sinners.
John 9:16 Therefore some of the Pharisees were saying, “This Man is not from God, because He does not keep the Sabbath.” But others were saying, “How can a man who is a sinner perform such signs?” And there was dissension among them.
sinner, outcast

(Derivative of ἁμαρτάνω ‘to sin,’) A person who customarily sins

Examples
Matthew 11:19 “The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Behold, a gluttonous man and a heavy drinker, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ And yet wisdom is vindicated by her deeds.”
Matthew 26:45 Then He came to the disciples and said to them, “Are you still sleeping and resting? Behold, the hour is at hand and the Son of Man is being betrayed into the hands of sinners.
Mark 2:15 And it happened that He was reclining at the table in his house, and many tax collectors and sinners were dining with Jesus and His disciples; for there were many of them, and they were following Him.

How it’s used In 8 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles

4 occurrences in 3 groups

πολύςmany 2
τοιοῦτοςsuch 1
ἀσεβήςungodly 1

Named alongside itApposition

1 occurrences in 1 groups

ἐγώI, we 1

What it doesIt is the subject

8 occurrences in 8 groups

συνανάκειμαιto eat together 2
δανείζωto make a loan 1
εἰμίto be 1
ἔρχομαιto come 1
ἀγαπάωto love 1
λαλέωto speak 1

What is done to itIt is the object

6 occurrences in 6 groups

ἀκούωto hear 1
ἐπιστρέφωto turn, to return 1
εὑρίσκωto find, to discover 1
προσδέχομαιto wait for, to welcome 1
σώζωto save, to deliver 1
ὑπομένωto endure, to remain 1

It is given or told toIndirect object

1 occurrences in 1 groups

δανείζωto make a loan 1

What is said to be itIt is the predicate

6 occurrences in 6 groups

Γαλιλαῖοςa Galilean 1
ἐγώI, we 1
ἁμαρτίαsin 1
ὅστιςwhoever, whichever, whatever 1
πολύςmany 1
ἄνθρωποςman, person, people 1

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

6 occurrences in 3 groups

μετάwith, after 9
ἀπόfrom 2
ὑπόby, under 1

In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive

4 occurrences in 2 groups

φίλοςfriend 2
χείρhand 2

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Contrasting words 1 word

δίκαιος díkaios · G1342 · righteous, just, being in a right relation with: δίκαιος denotes one who is righteous, just, or in right standing (morally or legally), while ἁμαρτωλός denotes one who is sinful or a sinner, marked by moral failing. The opposition is fundamental to New Testament theological discourse contrasting those aligned with divine righteousness and those characterized by sin.

In the other Testament 2 words

רָשָׁע râshâʻ · H7563 · wicked, evil, guilty, in the wrong: Greek ἁμαρτωλός emphasizes the state of being a sinner or sinful person in relation to moral/religious law, while Hebrew רָשָׁע denotes the wicked or guilty person with emphasis on condemnation and wrongdoing; both terms designate moral transgressors but רָשָׁע carries stronger connotations of active guilt and divine judgment.
חַטָּא chaṭṭâʼ · H2400 · guilty of, to blame for, sinful: Hebrew חַטָּא (chaṭṭâʼ, H2400) and Greek ἁμαρτωλός (hamartōlós, G268) both denote one who sins or is characterized by sin, with the Greek term frequently rendering the Hebrew in LXX contexts describing sinful persons or those in a state of moral offense.

Semantic domains 2 entries

Sinful, sinning88.294: In Mark 8:38 and similar passages describing “an adulterous and sinful (hamartōló) generation”, the adjective describes a class or condition of persistent wrongdoing, distinct from naming an individual as “a sinner” in Matthew 9:10 below.
Sinner, outcast88.295: In Matthew 9:10, “many tax collectors and sinners (hamartōloí) came and began dining with Jesus and His disciples,” where the word names a social class of people regarded as morally and religiously outcast.

Word family 6 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

ἁμαρτάνω hamartánō · G264 · to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin · 43×ἁμαρτία hamartía · G266 · to sin, to engage in wrongdoing, sin · 173×ἁμαρτωλόςhamartōlós · G268ἁμάρτημα hamártēma · G265 · sin, wrongdoing · 4×προαμαρτάνω proamartánō · G4258 · to sin previously, to have sinned · 2×ἀναμάρτητος anamártētos · G361 · guiltless, sinless · 1×

Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon (from the form ἁμάρτω, as φειδωλός from φείδομαι), devoted to sin, a (masculine or…

(from the form ἁμάρτω, as φειδωλός from φείδομαι), devoted to sin, a (masculine or feminine) sinner. In the N. T. distinctions are so drawn that one is called ἁμαρτωλός who is,
a. not free from sin. In this sense all men are sinners; as, Mt 9:13; Mk 2:17; Lk 5:8, Lk 5:32; Lk 13:2; Lk 18:13; Rom 3:7; (Rom 5:8),Rom 5:19; 1 Tim 1:15; Heb 7:26.
b. pre-eminently sinful, especially wicked; (α.). universally: 1 Tim 1:9; Jude 1:15; Mk 8:38; Lk 6:32-34; Lk 7:37, Lk 7:39; Lk 15:7, Lk 15:10; Jn 9:16, Jn 9:24f. Jn 9:31; Gal 2:17; Heb 12:3; Jas 4:8; Jas 5:20; 1 Pet 4:18; ἁμαρτία itself is called ἁμαρτωλός, Rom 7:13. (β.) specifically, of men stained with certain definite vices or crimes, e. g. the tax-gatherers: Lk 15:2; Lk 18:13; Lk 19:7; hence, the combination τελῶναι καί ἁμαρτωλοί, Mt 9:10; Mt 11:19; Mk 2:15; Lk 5:30; Lk 7:34; Lk 15:1. heathen, called by the Jews sinners κατ' ἐξοχήν (1 Macc. 1:34 1 Macc. 2:48, 62; Tobit 13:6): Mt 26:45 (?); Mk 14:41; Lk 24:7; Gal 2:15. (The word is found often in the Sept., as the equivalent of חֹטֵא and רָשָׁע, and in the O. T. Apocrypha; very seldom in Greek writings, as Aristotle, eth. Nic. 2, 9, p. 1109, 33; Plutarch, de audiend. poët. 7, p. 25 c.)

Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain

Topical studies with this word 1 entry

Sin, Wrongdoing, Guilt47 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0