ἐξίστημι
exístēmi · G1839 · Greek · 17 occurrences
Meanings
-
to astonish greatly, to greatly astound, to astound completely
Cause someone to be so astounded as to be practically overwhelmed
ExamplesMatthew 12:23 And all the crowds were amazed and were saying, “This man cannot be the Son of David, can he?”
Mark 2:12 And he got up and immediately picked up the pallet and went out in the sight of everyone, so that they were all amazed and were glorifying God, saying, “We have never seen anything like this!”
Mark 5:42 And immediately the girl got up and began to walk, for she was twelve years old. And immediately they were completely astonished.
-
to be greatly astonished, to be astounded
To be so astonished as to almost fail to comprehend what one has experienced
-
to not be in one’s right mind, to be insane, to be mad, to be out of one’s mind, insanity, madness
To think or reason in a completely irrational manner
ExamplesMark 3:21 And when His own people heard about this, they came out to take custody of Him; for they were saying, “He has lost His senses.”
2 Corinthians 5:13 For if we have lost our minds, it is for God; if we are of sound mind, it is for you.
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
17 occurrences in 12 groups
- Not stated: they 4
- Other words · 11 groups that occur once or twice (14) 14
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
4 occurrences in 4 groups
- ἐγώI, we 1
- ἔθνοςnation, Gentiles 1
- ἐκχέωto pour out 1
- αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1
To or for whomIndirect object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- θεόςGod 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 4 groups
- ἐκfrom+ περισσόςmore, abundant 1
- ἐνin+ ἑαυτοῦhimself, herself, itself 1
- ἐπίon+ σύνεσιςunderstanding, insight 1
- ἐπίon+ ἀπόκρισιςanswer 1
With adverbsAdverbs
1 occurrences in 2 groups
- λίανvery 1
- οὐnot 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- λέγωto say 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- διάthrough 2
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- תָּמַהּ tâmahh · H8539 · to be astonished, to be stupefied, to be confused
- Greek ἐξίστημι (exístēmi, G1839) emphasizes displacement from normal mental state ('put out of wits,' often with connotations of ecstasy or madness), while Hebrew תָּמַהּ (tâmahh, H8539) focuses on the cognitive response of wonder or astonishment without necessarily implying mental displacement or loss of rationality.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- To be greatly astonished, to be astounded25.218
- This verb, in its reflexive/passive sense, describes being overcome with amazement, used of the crowds who were amazed at Jesus' healing of the demon-possessed man and asked whether He could be the Son of David — "all the crowds were amazed and were saying, 'This man cannot be the Son of David, can he?'" (Matthew 12:23).
- To astonish greatly, to greatly astound, to astound completely25.220
- It also describes an agent's own act of causing overwhelming astonishment in others, used of Simon the magician in Samaria, who had long astonished the people with his magic arts — "a man named Simon had previously been practicing magic in the city and astonishing the people of Samaria" (Acts 8:9), and, "for a long time he had astounded them with his magic arts" (Acts 8:11).
- To not be in one’s right mind, to be insane, to be mad, to be out of one’s mind, insanity, madness30.24
- It also describes a perceived loss of mental soundness, used of Jesus' own family coming to take custody of Him because they believed He had lost His senses — "He has lost His senses" (Mark 3:21).
Word family 58 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon : likewise ἐξιστάω and ἐξιστάνω (Acts 8:9 participle ἐξιστῶν R G, ἐξιστάνων L T Tr WH…
1. In present, imperfect, future, 1 aorist active to throw out of position, to displace: τινα τοῦ φρονεῖν, to throw one out of his mind, drive one out of his senses, Xenophon, mem. 1, 3, 12 φρενῶν, Euripides, Bacch. 850; hence, simply to amaze, astonish, throw into wonderment: τινα, Lk 24:22; Acts 8:9.
2. In perfect, pluperfect, 2 aorist active and also the middle,
a. to be amazed, astounded: Mt 12:23; Mk 2:12; Lk 8:56; Acts 2:7, Acts 2:12; Acts 8:13; Acts 9:21; Acts 10:45; Acts 12:16 (the Sept. for חָרַד, to tremble, Ex 19:18; Ruth 3:8, etc.); ἐξέστησαν ἐκστάσει μεγάλη, they were amazed with a great amazement (see ἔκστασις, 3), Mk 5:42; ἐν ἑαυτοῖς ἐξίσταντο, Mk 6:51; with the dative of the thing: μαγείαις ἐξεστακέναι, had been put beside themselves with magic arts, carried away with wonder at them, Acts 8:11 (but this form of the perfect is transitive; cf. Buttmann, 48 (41); Veitch, 339); ἐξίσταντο ἐπί with the dative of thing, Lk 2:47 side oneself, insane": 2 Cor 5:13 (opposed to σωφρονεῖν); Mk 3:21 (cf. Buttmann, 198 (171); Winer's Grammar, § 40, 5 b.); (Greek writings, where they use the word in this sense, generally add τοῦ φρονεῖν, τῶν φρενῶν: Isocrates, Euripides, Polybius, others).
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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