ἀκαθαρσία
akatharsía · G167 · Greek · 10 occurrences
Meanings
-
impurity, immorality, filthiness
The state of moral impurity, especially in relationship to sexual sin
ExamplesRomans 1:24 Therefore God gave them up to vile impurity in the lusts of their hearts, so that their bodies would be dishonored among them.
Romans 6:19 I am speaking in human terms because of the weakness of your flesh. For just as you presented the parts of your body as slaves to impurity and to lawlessness, resulting in further lawlessness, so now present your body’s parts as slaves to righteousness, resulting in sanctification.
2 Corinthians 12:21 I am afraid that when I come again my God may humiliate me before you, and I may mourn over many of those who have sinned in the past and not repented of the impurity, sexual immorality, and indecent behavior which they have practiced.
-
filth, dirt, rubbish
Any substance which is filthy or dirty
ExamplesMatthew 23:27 “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you are like whitewashed tombs which on the outside appear beautiful, but inside they are full of dead men’s bones and all uncleanness.
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Named alongside itApposition
2 occurrences in 3 groups
- ἔρχομαιto come 1
- μέλοςmember, body part 1
- πράσσωto do 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ὀνομάζωto call 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- γέμωto be full of 1
It is given or told toIndirect object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- παρίστημιto stand by, to present 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- παράκλησιςencouragement, comfort 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- ἐπίon 4
- εἰςto 2
- ἐκfrom 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ἐργασίαgain, business 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 1 word
- μολυσμός molysmós · G3436 · defilement, to be defiled
- The target term, denoting the state of moral impurity or defilement broadly, and μολυσμός (“a stain; figuratively, immorality”), denoting a specific stain or mark of defilement, both belong to the same field of moral defilement, distinguished by scope: general impurity versus a particular mark of it.
In the other Testament 2 words
- טֻמְאָה ṭumʼâh · H2932 · uncleanness
- טֻמְאָה (ṭumʼâh, H2932) is the standard Hebrew term for ritual and moral impurity/uncleanness, serving as the direct semantic equivalent in the Hebrew Bible/LXX of ἀκαθαρσία (akatharsía, G167), which carries the same range of physical and moral impurity meanings in Koine Greek.
- נִדָּה niddâh · H5079 · impurity, pollution
- נִדָּה (niddâh, H5079) denotes ritual/ceremonial impurity with specific focus on menstrual uncleanness and states of separation under Levitical law, while ἀκαθαρσία (akatharsía, G167) serves as the broader Greek term for impurity in both physical and moral dimensions, making it the natural LXX rendering of the Hebrew technical term.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Filth, dirt, rubbish79.54
- In Matthew 23:27, Jesus compares the scribes and Pharisees to “whitewashed tombs which on the outside appear beautiful, but inside they are full of dead men's bones and all uncleanness (akatharsías),” where the word describes the literal physical decay and filth within the tombs.
- Impurity, immorality, filthiness88.261
- In Romans 1:24, Paul writes that “God gave them up to vile impurity (akatharsían) in the lusts of their hearts,” where the word names moral corruption and sexual immorality rather than literal dirt.
Word family 11 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon (ας, ἡ (ἀκάθαρτος) (from Hippocrates down), uncleanness; a. physical: Mt 23:27. b. in a…
a. physical: Mt 23:27.
b. in a moral sense, the impurity of lustful, luxurious, profligate living: Rom 1:24; Rom 6:19; 2 Cor 12:21; Gal 5:19; Eph 4:19; Eph 5:3; Col 3:5; 1 Thess 4:7; used of impure motives in 1 Thess 2:3. (Demosthenes, p. 553, 12.) Cf. Tittmann i., p. 150f.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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