נִדָּה
niddâh · H5079 · Hebrew · 29 occurrences
Meanings
-
impurity
State in which humans are considered unclean because of a flow of blood or contact with a corpse
ExamplesLeviticus 12:2 “Speak to the sons of Israel, saying: ‘When a woman gives birth and delivers a male child, then she shall be unclean for seven days; as she is in the days of her menstruation, she shall be unclean.
-
pollution
State in which objects are considered impure because of their association with evil practices
ExamplesLeviticus 20:21 ‘If there is a man who takes his brother’s wife, it is detestable; he has uncovered his brother’s nakedness. They will be childless.
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
12 occurrences in 3 groups
- הּher 10
- טֻמְאָהuncleanness 1
- עַםpeople 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אִשָּׁהwoman, wife 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- הָיָהto be, to become 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- יָצָאto go out 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- הוּאhe, she, it 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
11 occurrences in 4 groups
- בin/on/with 7
- לto/for 7
- עַלon, upon, over, against 2
- כlike/as 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
14 occurrences in 7 groups
- מַיִםwater 6
- טֻמְאָהuncleanness 2
- יוֹםday, time 2
- טָמֵאunclean 1
- מִשְׁכָּבbed, couch 1
- עֵתtime, moment, period 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 1 word
- טֻמְאָה ṭumʼâh · H2932 · uncleanness
- Both words denote ritual or cultic uncleanness. Their renderings overlap substantially (filthiness, uncleanness), and the additional senses of נִדָּה (niddâh, H5079) (menstruous woman, separation) are specialized applications of the same core idea of uncleanness.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ἀκαθαρσία akatharsía · G167 · impurity, immorality, filthiness
- ἀκαθαρσία (akatharsía, G167) ἀκαθαρσία renders נִדָּה (niddâh, H5079) נִדָּה in contexts emphasizing ritual/moral impurity as a qualitative state, where the Hebrew term's technical cultic sense (ceremonial uncleanness, especially menstrual impurity) is translated into Greek with the abstract noun denoting impurity itself rather than the state of separation or the unclean person.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Unclean002001001066
- נִדָּה denotes ritual impurity, most centrally the state of menstrual uncleanness governed by the purity laws of Leviticus 15:19-33, tying the word to a condition requiring ceremonial separation.
- Wrong002001003019
- The word extends figuratively to moral impurity and abhorrent wrongdoing, as in Ezekiel's repeated indictment of Israel's idolatry and bloodshed described using this term for defiling uncleanness, associating the word with sin regarded as morally repugnant.
Word family 5 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5079. niddah נִדָּה noun feminine impurity (as abhorrent, shunned); — absolute ׳נ Eze…
נִדָּה noun feminine impurity (as abhorrent, shunned); — absolute ׳נ Eze 18:6 +; construct נִדַּת Lev 12:2 +; suffix נִדָּתָהּ Lev 12:5 +; — impurity (especially P and Ezekiel):
1 of ceremonial impurity, as union with brother's wife, Lev 20:21; especially of menstruation Eze 18:6 (read בְּנִדָּתָהּ אִשָּׁה for ᵑ6 ׳א נִדָּה ᵑ0 Co), הַנּ ׳טְמֵאַת Eze 22:10, compare Eze 36:17, דְּוֺתָהּ נִדַּת Lev 12:2, compare Lev 12:5; Lev 15:19-20, Lev 15:24, Lev 15:25 (׳עֶתנִֿדּ), (3 t. in verse), Lev 15:26 (נִדּ ׳מִשְׁכַּב), Lev 15:26 (נִדּ ׳טֻמְאַת), Lev 15:33; Lev 18:19; of defilement contracted by contact with a corpse, (הַ)נִּדָּה מֵי water of impurity (i.e. to remove it, compare Di) Num 19:9, Num 19:13, Num 19:20, Num 19:21 (twice in verse); Num 31:23.
2 figurative (with allusion to cerem. usage), impure thing, Eze 7:19-20, (of gold), Lam 1:17 (of Jerusalem); of idolatry, immorality, etc., 2Ch 29:5; Ezr 9:11 (נִדָּה אֶרֶץ), Ezr 9:11, Zec 13:1 (וּלְנִדָּה לְחַטַּאת).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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