בּוּשׁ

יָחַר yâchar · H3186 · to be delayed, to linger, to be slow

Both lexemes share the temporal delay/tarry sense within a small, focused "Delay" domain. יָחַר (yâchar, H3186) appears specialized to this sense ("tarry longer"), while בּוּשׁ (bûwsh, H954) is polysemous (shame, dry, delay), legitimately includes delay as one of its senses. These are near-synonyms in the delay/tarry semantic space.

מָהַהּ mâhahh · H4102 · to wait, to linger, to tarry

מָהַהּ (mâhahh, H4102) is primarily a verb of delay and lingering, while בּוּשׁ (bûwsh, H954) is primarily a verb of shame that extends to contexts of delay, probably through the sense of hesitation or lingering in embarrassment; the two overlap in the sense of delaying or tarrying.

כָּלַם kâlam · H3637 · to be ashamed, to be disgraced, to put to shame

Both lexemes denote emotional/social states of shame, humiliation, and confusion, with substantial gloss overlap (be ashamed, put to shame, confounded). They are near-synonyms in the shame domain.

חָפֵר châphêr · H2659 · to paw, to dig

Both lexemes are shame/confusion verbs with overlapping core senses ("be ashamed," "be confounded"). This is a near-synonym pair: two distinct Hebrew words that express the same shame/confusion concept and can substitute for each other in appropriate contexts.

αἰσχύνομαι aischýnomai · G153 · to be ashamed, to feel disgraced

Hebrew בּוּשׁ (bûwsh, H954) encompasses both the emotional state of shame and its outward manifestation (including delay, confusion, or being put to shame), while Greek αἰσχύνομαι (aischýnomai, G153) focuses specifically on the reflexive internal experience of feeling shame for oneself.

καταισχύνω kataischýnō · G2617 · to humiliate, to disgrace, to put to shame

Greek καταισχύνω (kataischýnō, G2617) intensifies the shaming force through the κατα- prefix ('down'), emphasizing disgrace or public humiliation, while Hebrew בּוּשׁ (bûwsh, H954) covers a broader semantic range including delay/drying in addition to shame, making the Greek a more focused equivalent within the shame domain.

Shame002001002025

The verb's dominant sense is to feel or be put to shame, as the man and his wife 'were not ashamed' in Genesis 2:25, fitting this domain's core sense of shame.

End002003003010

It can describe a matter or hope coming to a disappointing end, an extended sense linking it to this domain's category of termination.

Dry002001001021

The verb carries a distinct physical sense of drying up or withering, as of dew or moisture failing, connecting it to this domain's sense of dryness.

Delay002003003008

It also describes tarrying or delaying, as when the people see that Moses 'delayed to come down from the mountain' in Exodus 32:1, fitting this domain's sense of a postponed or lingering action.

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.