תָּמִים
tâmîym · H8549 · Hebrew · 91 occurrences
Thing
- Urim and ThummimLots12 verses
Meanings
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whole, complete
State in which an object is fully, unaffected and undiminished in its shape and form
ExamplesLeviticus 3:9 ‘From the sacrifice of peace offerings he shall then bring as an offering by fire to the LORD, its fat, the entire fat tail which he shall remove close to the backbone, the fat that covers the entrails, and all the fat that is on the entrails,
Proverbs 1:12 Let’s swallow them alive like Sheol, Even whole, like those who go down to the pit;
Ezekiel 15:5 “Behold, while it is intact, it is not made into anything. How much less, when the fire has consumed it and it is charred, can it still be made into anything!
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complete, full, whole
State in which a period of time has been fully completed
ExamplesLeviticus 23:15 ‘You shall also count for yourselves from the day after the Sabbath, from the day when you brought in the sheaf of the wave offering; there shall be seven complete Sabbaths.
Leviticus 25:30 ‘But if it is not bought back for him within the space of a full year, then the house that is in the walled city passes permanently to its purchaser throughout his generations; it does not revert in the jubilee.
Joshua 10:13 So the sun stood still, and the moon stopped, Until the nation avenged themselves of their enemies. Is it not written in the Book of Jashar? And the sun stopped in the middle of the sky and did not hurry to go down for about a whole day.
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without blemish or without defect
A state in which an animal has no physical defect so that it is suitable for sacrifice
ExamplesExodus 12:5 ‘Your lamb shall be an unblemished male a year old; you may take it from the sheep or from the goats.
Exodus 29:1 “Now this is what you shall do to them to consecrate them to serve as priests to Me: take one bull and two rams without blemish,
Leviticus 1:3 ‘If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall offer a male without defect; he shall offer it at the doorway of the tent of meeting, so that he may be accepted before the LORD.
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blameless, without fault
Literally: complete; hence: state in which humans are considered morally blameless, with profound moral uprightness and integrity
ExamplesGenesis 6:9 These are the records of the generations of Noah. Noah was a righteous man, blameless in his generation. Noah walked with God.
Genesis 17:1 Now when Abram was ninety-nine years old, the LORD appeared to Abram and said to him, “I am God Almighty; Walk before Me, and be blameless.
Deuteronomy 18:13 “You are to be blameless before the LORD your God.
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perfect, blameless
State in which a certain event is performed in such a way that no one can find fault with it
ExamplesDeuteronomy 32:4 “The Rock! His work is perfect, For all His ways are just; A God of faithfulness and without injustice, Righteous and just is He.
2 Samuel 22:31 “As for God, His way is blameless; The word of the LORD is refined; He is a shield to all who take refuge in Him.
2 Samuel 22:33 “God is my strong fortress; And He sets the blameless on His way.
How it’s used In 9 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- דֶּרֶךְway, road 2
- דֵּעַknowledge 1
- דֵּעָהknowledge 1
Named alongside itApposition
9 occurrences in 4 groups
- פַּרbull 6
- אַיִלram 3
- הָלַךְto go, to walk 1
- שָׂעִירmale goat, goat 1
What it doesIt is the subject
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- יָתַרto remain 1
- נָחַלto inherit, to possess 1
What is done to itIt is the object
16 occurrences in 3 groups
- הָיָהto be, to become 14
- דָבַרto speak, to say 1
- יָהַבto give 1
Second object ofSecond object
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- קָרַבto come near, to offer 2
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 1
- נָתַרto give one's hand free play 1
What it is said to bePredicate
4 occurrences in 4 groups
- רָצוֹןfavor, acceptance, will 1
- שְׂחוֹקlaughter 1
- אֶשֶׁרhappy 1
- ךְyou 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
5 occurrences in 4 groups
- דֶּרֶךְway, road 2
- פֹּעַלdeed 1
- תּוֹרָהlaw, instruction 1
- אַתָּהyou 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
4 occurrences in 1 groups
- בin/on/with 5
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
4 occurrences in 4 groups
- גֶּבֶרman 1
- יוֹםday, time 1
- מִפְלָאָהwondrous work 1
- צְדָקָהrighteousness 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 2 words
- יָשָׁר yâshâr · H3477 · straight, "straight way" = safe journey
- Both words are rendered "upright" in the moral and ethical register; יָשָׁר (yâshâr, H3477) adds "just, right(-eous)", while תָּמִים (tâmîym, H8549) adds "perfect, complete, without blemish" and carries a stronger connotation of completeness and wholeness.
- כָּלִיל kâlîyl · H3632 · perfect, perfectly, completely
- Both words denote completeness, perfection and wholeness and can substitute in contexts requiring those senses. כָּלִיל (kâlîyl, H3632) is specialized for burnt offering contexts, while תָּמִים (tâmîym, H8549) has a broader moral and physical wholeness.
In the other Testament 2 words
- ἄμωμος ámōmos · G299 · without defect, without blemish, blameless
- ἄμωμος (ámōmos, G299) ἄμωμος renders תָּמִים (tâmîym, H8549) תָּמִים in its core sense of unblemished/without defect, particularly in sacrificial and moral perfection contexts.
- τέλειος téleios · G5046 · perfect, genuine, true
- תָּמִים (tâmîym, H8549) emphasizes unblemished wholeness and ritual/moral perfection particularly in sacrificial and covenantal contexts, while τέλειος (téleios, G5046) emphasizes completed maturity and teleological perfection, having reached an intended end state in growth or moral development.
Semantic domains 5 entries
- Whole002003001020
- This adjective denotes physical wholeness or soundness, as in Exodus 12:5's requirement that the Passover lamb be an unblemished male a year old.
- Complete002001003003
- The adjective also denotes the absence of any defect, as in Leviticus 1:3's instruction that a burnt offering be a male without defect.
- Good002001001031
- The adjective also denotes upright moral character, as in Genesis 6:9's description of Noah as a righteous man, blameless in his generation.
- Just002001002016
- The adjective also denotes righteous conduct before God, as in Genesis 17:1's charge that Abram walk before God and be blameless.
- Well002001003018
- This domain reflects a further sense of soundness of well-being, found elsewhere in this word's range of occurrences rather than being illustrated by the citations sampled here.
Word family 6 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H8549. tamim תָּמִים91 adjective complete, sound; — ׳ת Gen 6:9 +; feminine תְּמִימָה Lev…
תָּמִים91 adjective complete, sound; — ׳ת Gen 6:9 +; feminine תְּמִימָה Lev 3:9 +; construct תְּמִים Job 36:4; Job 37:16; plural תְּמִימִים Eze 43:25 +; תְּמִימֹת Lev 23:15; construct תְּמִימֵי Psa 119:1; Pro 11:20; —
1 complete, whole, entire, Job 36:4 דֵעוֺת תְּמִים, Job 37:16.
2 whole, sound healthful, of men Pro 1:12 (|| חַיִּים); vine Eze 15:5; usually of sacrificial P, P; Exo 12:5 Exo 12:40t., so Eze 43:22 Eze 43:10t.
3 complete, entire, of time: day Jos 10:13; year Lev 25:30; Sabbaths Lev 23:15.
4 sound, wholesome, unimpaired, innocent, having integrity: of God's way Psa 18:31 = 2Sa 22:31; work Deu 32:4; law Psa 19:8; elsewhere of man Gen 6:9; Gen 17:1 (P; both || אלהים (לִפְנֵי) אֵת הִתְהַלֵח); ׳ת י ׳עם Deu 18:13; Psa 18:24, with ל in || 2Sa 22:24; often with דֶּרֶח way: ת ׳דֶּרֶח Psa 101:2; ׳ת בִּדְרָכֶ֫יךָ Eze 28:15; דָ֑רֶח תְּמִימֵי Pro 11:20; Psa 119:1; ת ׳וַיַּתֵּר דרכו 2Sa 22:33 || דַּרְכִּי ת ׳וַיִּתֵּן Psa 18:33; ת בדרך ׳הלך Psa 101:6; דֶּרֶח omitted, תמים הלך, Pro 28:18; Psa 15:2; ת ׳לב Psa 119:80; = noun (late), man of integrity Pro 11:5; Job 12:4; plural Pro 2:21; Pro 28:10; Psa 37:18.
5 as neuter adjective = substantive what is complete, entirely in accord with truth and fact: ת בֵר ׳דֹּ Amo 5:10; וּבְת עֲשִׂיתֶם׳אִםבֶּֿאֱמֶת Jdg 9:16, Jdg 9:19; ׳י ׳בְּת וּבֶאֱמֶת עִבְדוּ Jos 24:14 (E); integrity ת ׳גְּבַר Psa 18:26 (construct Ges§ 93s; || 2Sa 22:26 גִּבּוֺת), 2Sam 84:12; בְּת ׳הֹלְכִים. — 1Sa 14:41 see תֹּם 4
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 5 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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