אֵלֶּה
ʼêl-leh · H428 · Hebrew · 746 occurrences
Meanings
-
these, those
Marker identifying a set of multiple objects with a set that already exists in the mind of the hearers
ExamplesGenesis 2:4 This is the account of the heavens and the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made earth and heaven.
Genesis 6:9 these are the records of the generations of Noah. Noah was a righteous man, blameless in his generation. Noah walked with God.
How it’s used In 9 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- שְׁנַיִםtwo 1
Named alongside itApposition
8 occurrences in 9 groups
- Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10
What it doesIt is the subject
35 occurrences in 17 groups
- הָיָהto be, to become 6
- בּוֹאto come, to go in, to bring 6
- יָשַׁבto dwell, to live, to sit 3
- Other words · 14 groups that occur once or twice (20) 20
What is done to itIt is the object
46 occurrences in 21 groups
- עָשָׂהto do, to make 20
- הָיָהto be, to become 3
- יָלַדto bear 3
- Other words · 18 groups that occur once or twice (20) 20
Second object ofSecond object
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- נָחַלto inherit, to possess 1
- רָאָהto see 1
What it is said to bePredicate
162 occurrences in 61 groups
- בֵּןson 40
- מִשְׁפָּחָהclan, family 18
- מָהwhat?, why? 9
- אַלּוּףchief 8
- פָּקַדto number, to punish 7
- רֹאשׁhead, top, chief 6
- Other words · 48 groups that occur once or twice (58) 58
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
108 occurrences in 37 groups
- שֵׁםname 22
- בֵּןson 21
- תּוֹלְדָהgenerations, genealogy 12
- דָּבָרword, thing, matter 6
- מֶלֶךְking 4
- רֹאשׁhead, top, chief 4
- Other words · 31 groups that occur once or twice (42) 42
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
70 occurrences in 9 groups
- בin/on/with 30
- מִןfrom 23
- עַלon, upon, over, against 23
- כlike/as 17
- לto/for 14
- עִםwith 5
- Other words · 3 groups that occur once or twice (5) 5
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
10 occurrences in 5 groups
- עָשָׂהto do, to make 5
- כֹּלall, every, whole 2
- אַחֲרִיתend, future, latter part 1
- עַיִןeye, sight 1
- בַּדalone, besides, pole 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 7 words
- οὗτος hoûtos · G3778 · this, this one
- Hebrew demonstrative pronoun אֵלֶּה ('ēlleh, "these") corresponds to Greek demonstrative pronoun οὗτος (houtos, "this/these") as the standard translation equivalent for proximal deixis in both languages, with οὗτος serving as the Greek functional equivalent across number and gender inflections.
- ταῦτα taûta · G5023 · this, this one, that is
- Greek ταῦτα (neuter plural demonstrative) is the standard LXX rendering of Hebrew אֵלֶּה (common plural demonstrative), both functioning as proximal demonstrative pronouns meaning 'these (things/ones)' with full grammatical and semantic equivalence across the two languages.
- אִלֵּין ʼillêyn · H459 · the, these
- אִלֵּין (ʼillêyn, H459) (Aramaic אִלֵּין) is the direct Aramaic cognate of אֵלֶּה (ʼêl-leh, H428) (Hebrew אֵלֶּה), both functioning as demonstrative pronouns meaning 'these' with shared etymological root across the sister languages.
- ταύταις taútais · G5025 · these
- ταύταις (taútais, G5025) is the dative feminine plural form of the Greek demonstrative pronoun οὗτος, functioning as the precise grammatical equivalent of אֵלֶּה (ʼêl-leh, H428) in contexts requiring dative case marking (indirect object, instrumental, locative uses); both denote plural proximate deixis ('these'), with the Greek form carrying explicit case inflection absent in Hebrew.
- τούτοις toútois · G5125 · to these
- Greek dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun corresponding to Hebrew demonstrative אֵלֶּה, both functioning as proximal deixis markers pointing to plural referents in discourse.
- τούτους toútous · G5128 · these
- Hebrew demonstrative pronoun אֵלֶּה rendered by Greek demonstrative pronoun τούτους (accusative plural masculine form of οὗτος), sharing core deictic function of proximal reference to previously mentioned or contextually present plural referents.
- τούτων toútōn · G5130 · of these
- Hebrew demonstrative pronoun אֵלֶּה (these/those) corresponds to Greek genitive plural demonstrative form τούτων (of these), representing the same deictic reference system across languages with morphological case marking in Greek.
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Identifiers004003
- אֵלֶּה is the plural demonstrative "these," identifying the specific group just named, as the generations of Noah just recorded (Genesis 6:9) and the sons of Ham listed by family (Genesis 10:20).
Word family 6 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H428. elleh אֵ֫לֶּה ( Rabb אֵלּוּ, Aramaic אִלֵּין, & compd. with and in , ) pronoun…
אֵ֫לֶּה ( Rabb אֵלּוּ, Aramaic אִלֵּין, & compd. with and in , )
pronoun plural masculine & feminine these, in usage the plural of זֶה.
a. Gen 2:4 & often: in apposition to a substantive with a pronominal suffix (always without the article) Exo 9:14 (read with Hi. בְּךָ אֵלֶּה for אֶללִֿבְּךָ) Exo 10:1 אֵלֶּה אֹתֹתַי these my signs, Exo 11:8; Deu 11:18; 1Ki 8:59; 1Ki 10:8; 1Ki 22:23; 2Ki 1:13; Jer 31:21; Ezr 2:65; Neh 6:14; in the Genitive 2Ki 6:20; Isa 47:9; Deu 18:12; Psa 15:5; and after כל Gen 14:3 + often Standing alone in a neuter sense, these things (rare in best prose, & not very common in poetry), with עָשָׂה Deu 18:12; Deu 22:5; Deu 25:16; 2Sa 23:17, 2Sa 23:22; Psa 15:5 +; with other verbs Ezr 9:1; Isa 44:21; Isa 47:7; Jer 13:22; Hosea 14:10; Psa 42:5; Psa 50:21; Psa 107:43; Job 8:2; with אֶתֿ Num 15:13; Isa 48:14; with כָּלֿ Jdg 13:23; Isa 66:2 +; see also some of the cases with prepositions below
d. אלה may point indifferently to what follows, Gen 6:9; Gen 10:1; Gen 25:7, Gen 25:12, Gen 25:13; Psa 42:5; or to what has preceded, Gen 9:19; Gen 10:20, Gen 10:31, Gen 10:32; Gen 25:4; Lev 21:14; Lev 22:22; Psa 15:5; = such as these (τοιαῦτα), Psa 73:12; Job 18:21.
b. repeated, אלהו֗֗֗אלה, these . . . those Deu 27:13; Jos 8:22; Isa 49:12 (3 t.) Psa 20:8 +.
c. with the art. (but only after a substantive determined likewise by the article) הָאֵלֶּה Gen 15:1 +?**in Jos 17:9 הָאֵלֶּה עָרִים, read הֶעָרִים, compare Jos 17:12; Jos 19:8; Jos 19:16; Jos 19:31; Jos 19:48, etc.
d. with prepositions: בְּאֵלֶּה Lev 25:54; Lev 26:23; 1Ki 22:11 (7 t.), בָּאֵלֶּה 1Sa 16:10; 1Sa 17:39; לְאֵלֶּה Lev 11:24 (4 t), לָאֵלֶּה 1Ki 22:17 (5 t.); מֵאֵלֶּה Gen 9:19 (16 t.); אֵלֶּה עַד Lev 26:18; עַלאֵֿלֶּה on account of these things Isa 57:6; Isa 64:11; Jer 5:9 and elsewhere; כְּאֵלֶּה Job 16:2; Jer 10:16 = Jer 51:19, כָּאֵלֶּה Gen 27:46; Lev 10:19 (things like these, so Isa 66:8; Jer 18:13) Num 28:24 P (compare Eze 45:25) 2Ki 25:17 = Jer 52:22, כְּמוֺאֵֿלֶּה Job 12:3.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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