יָשֵׁן
yâshên · H3462 · Hebrew · 19 occurrences
Meanings
-
to sleep, to fall asleep
State in which humans are asleep; sometimes associated with security, sometimes with death, sometimes with being inactive
ExamplesGenesis 2:21 So the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon the man, and he slept; then He took one of his ribs and closed up the flesh at that place.
1 Kings 19:5 Then he lay down and fell asleep under a broom tree; but behold, there was an angel touching him, and he said to him, “Arise, eat!”
-
to put to sleep, to lull to sleep
Causative action by which humans cause other humans to fall asleep
ExamplesJudges 16:19 And she made him sleep on her knees, and called for a man and had him shave off the seven locks of his head. Then she began to humble him, and his strength left him.
-
to be for a long time
State in which humans and objects remain in a certain location for an extended period of time
ExamplesLeviticus 26:10 ‘And you will eat the old supply, and clear out the old because of the new.
Deuteronomy 4:25 “When you father children and have grandchildren, and you grow old in the land, and you act corruptly, and make an idol in the form of anything, and do what is evil in the sight of the LORD your God to provoke Him to anger,
Leviticus 13:11 it is a chronic leprosy on the skin of his body, and the priest shall pronounce him unclean; he shall not isolate him, for he is unclean.
How it’s used In 5 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
17 occurrences in 7 groups
- Not stated: he, she or it 5
- Not stated: I 4
- Not stated: they 4
- שָׁמַרto keep, to guard, to observe 1
- Not stated: you (more than one) 1
- Not stated: you (one person) 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
3 occurrences in 2 groups
- שֵׁנָהsleep 2
- וֹhim 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
6 occurrences in 6 groups
- עַלon, upon, over, against+ בֶּרֶךְknee 1
- תַּחַתunder, below, instead of+ רֶתֶםbroom tree 1
- בin/on/with+ יַעַרforest, thickets, woods 1
- בin/on/with+ אֶרֶץland, earth, ground 1
- בin/on/with+ שָׁלוֹםpeace, welfare 1
- לto/for+ מָהwhat?, why? 1
With adverbsAdverbs
4 occurrences in 2 groups
- לֹאnot 3
- יַחַדtogether 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- לto/for 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 4 words
- הָזָה hâzâh · H1957 · to murmur in one's sleep
- Both words belong to the same basic area of meaning, being in a state of sleep.
- נוּם nûwm · H5123 · to slumber, to sleep
- Both words denote sleeping and slumber, and either could substitute for the other in many contexts.
- רָדַם râdam · H7290 · to lie in a deep sleep, to lie still
- יָשֵׁן (yâshên, H3462) includes broader senses ("old store," "remain long") but its core sleep sense overlaps directly with רָדַם (râdam, H7290)'s more focused "deep/dead sleep" meaning.
- מָשַׁךְ mâshak · H4900 · to be tall, to go, to march
- יָשֵׁן (yâshên, H3462) emphasizes remaining or enduring passively over time (often in the context of staying or sleeping long), while מָשַׁךְ (mâshak, H4900) emphasizes active prolongation, extension, or drawing out in time or space.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Asleep002001001004
- The verb describes falling into sleep, as when the LORD caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam in Genesis 2:21, and Pharaoh fell asleep and dreamed in Genesis 41:5.
- Space002002001017
- The verb's sense of "remain long" or "grown old" can describe something remaining in place over an extended stretch, as with chronic conditions or long-stored produce.
- Endure002002003001
- The verb describes something enduring or persisting over time, as with a chronic skin condition described as "grown old" in Leviticus 13:11, or produce kept in long storage in Leviticus 26:10.
Word family 6 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H3462. yashen [יָשֵׁן] verb sleep (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic noun sleep; Arabic be sleepy,…
[יָשֵׁן] verb sleep (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic noun sleep; Arabic be sleepy, , sleep Assyrian šittiu, sleep, DlHWB 246, šunatu, šuttu, dream, Idib, Flood: iv. 22 AsrbAnnals,v R. 2, 97) —
Qal Perfect יָשַׁנְתִּי Job 3:13; וְיָָֽשְׁנוּ consecutive Jer 51:39 Jer 51:2t.; Imperfect יִישָׁ֑ן Isa 5:27; Psa 121:4; וַיִישַׁן 1Ki 19:5, etc.; Infinitive construct לִישׁוֺן Ecc 5:11; — sleep, go to sleep, and be asleep, Gen 2:21 (J), Gen 41:5 (E), Eze 34:25; Job 3:13; Psa 3:6; Psalm 4:9; Pro 4:16; Ecc 5:11, also 2Sa 4:6 ᵐ5 We Dr Kit Bu, see חֹמֶשׁ; with לֹא, of Ass. army Isa 5:27 (|| נוּם); of Baal 1Ki 19:5; of אֲדֹנָי תִישַׁן לָמָּה עוּרָה ׳י, 1Ki 44:24; יִישָׁ֑ן לֹא 1Ki 12:14 (|| נוּם); with accusative of congnate meaning with verb ׳ישׁ עוֺלָם שְׁנַת Jer 51:39, Jer 51:57 (see שֵׁנָה), of death, compare הַמָּוֶת אִישַׁן Psa 13:4. Niph`al only in derivatives sense of become inactive or stationary; Perfect וְנוֺשַׁנְתֶּם consecutive Deu 4:25 and ye be grown old בָּאָרֶץ, i.e. (see Di Dr) have lost freshness of first impressions; of inanimate things, be old, stale , only Participle נוֺשָׁן יָשָׁן Lev 26:10 (H), feminine נוֺשֶׁנֶת צרעת Lev 13:11 = old leprosy (P); these possibly denominative from יָשָׁן
Pi`el causat. Imperfect וַתְּיַשְּׁנֵהוּ Jdg 16:19and she made him sleep.
ישׁן (√ of following; Biblical Hebrew שֵׁנָה ישׁן,).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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