Word

מָשַׁךְ

mâshak · H4900 · Hebrew · 36 occurrences

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Meanings

to be tall

State in which humans are of more than average height

Examples
Isaiah 18:2 Which sends messengers by the sea, Even in papyrus vessels on the surface of the waters. Go, swift messengers, to a nation tall and smooth, To a people feared far and wide, A powerful and oppressive nation Whose land the rivers divide.
Isaiah 18:7 At that time a gift of tribute will be brought to the LORD of armies From a people tall and smooth, From a people feared far and wide, A powerful and oppressive nation, Whose land the rivers divide— To the place of the name of the LORD of armies, to Mount Zion.
to pull, to drag, to draw out

Causative action by which humans or animals move an object from one location to another, usually with some effort or difficulty

Examples
Judges 4:6 Now she sent word and summoned Barak the son of Abinoam from Kedesh-naphtali, and said to him, “The LORD, the God of Israel, has indeed commanded, ‘Go and march to Mount Tabor, and take with you ten thousand men from the sons of Naphtali and from the sons of Zebulun.
Genesis 37:28 Then some Midianite traders passed by, so they pulled him out and lifted Joseph out of the pit, and sold him to the Ishmaelites for twenty shekels of silver. So they brought Joseph into Egypt.
Judges 4:7 ‘I will draw out to you Sisera, the commander of Jabin’s army, with his chariots and his many troops to the river Kishon, and I will hand him over to you.’”
to join hands with mockers

Literally: to drag out (one's) hand with mockers; hence, possibly: action by which someone associates with mockers, described with the image of someone stretching out one's hand to someone else asking that person to join in

Examples
Hosea 7:5 On the day of our king, the officials became sick with the heat of wine; He stretched out his hand with scoffers,
to lead

Literally: to draw (people); hence: pattern of actions by which a deity exercises leadership over humans, described with the image of someone drawing an animal with a rope

Examples
Hosea 11:4 I pulled them along with cords of a man, with ropes of love, And I became to them as one who lifts the yoke from their jaws; And I bent down and fed them.
to draw along > to engage in

Literally: to draw (an activity); hence: action by which humans engage in a certain activity, described with the image of someone pulling a plow or cart

Examples
Isaiah 5:18 Woe to those who drag wrongdoing with the cords of deceit, And sin as if with cart ropes;
to drag seed > to sow

Literally: to drag seed; hence: action by which someone throws out seed while moving along, which makes it look as if he is dragging a trail of seed behind him

Examples
Amos 9:13 “Behold, days are coming,” declares the LORD, “When the plowman will overtake the reaper, And the one who treads grapes will overtake him who sows the seed; When the mountains will drip grape juice, And all the hills will come apart.
to maintain, to continue, to prolong

Causative action by which deities cause a certain situation to last longer

Examples
Psalm 109:12 May there be none to extend kindness to him, Nor any to be gracious to his fatherless children.
Psalm 36:10 Prolong Your mercy to those who know You, And Your righteousness to the upright of heart.
Psalm 85:5 Will You be angry with us forever? Will You prolong Your anger to all generations?
to sound a long blast

Action by which humans produce a prolonged sound with a musical instrument

Examples
Exodus 19:13 ‘No hand shall touch him, but he shall certainly be stoned or shot through; whether animal or person, the violator shall not live.’ When the ram’s horn sounds a long blast, they shall come up to the mountain.”
Joshua 6:5 “It shall be that when they make a long blast with the ram’s horn, and when you hear the sound of the trumpet, all the people shall shout with a great shout; and the wall of the city will fall down flat, and the people shall go up, everyone straight ahead.”
to be patient, to bear with

State in which deities tolerate a certain unacceptable situation for a certain amount of time

Examples
Nehemiah 9:30 “However, You remained patient with them for many years, And admonished them by Your Spirit through Your prophets, Yet they would not listen. Therefore You handed them over to the peoples of the lands.

How it’s used In 7 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

31 occurrences in 13 groups

Not stated: you (one person) 7
Not stated: he, she or it 4
Not stated: I 3
Not stated (infinitive) 3
Not stated (participle) 3
Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (11) 11

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

16 occurrences in 16 groups

Other words · 16 groups that occur once or twice (19) 19

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

20 occurrences in 19 groups

בin/on/with+ חֶבֶלcord, rope, region 3
Other words · 18 groups that occur once or twice (21) 21

With adverbsAdverbs

5 occurrences in 3 groups

לֹאnot 4
עוֹדstill, again, yet 2
אַלnot, do not 1

Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive

2 occurrences in 2 groups

זֶרַעoffspring, seed 1
קֶשֶׁתbow 1

What it doesIt is the subject

1 occurrences in 1 groups

הָיָהto be, to become 1

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

4 occurrences in 2 groups

בin/on/with 3
לto/for 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 2 words

נָטָה nâṭâh · H5186 · to be bowed, to be leaning, to bend: Both words involve physical extension or stretching, with renderings such as "extend" and "stretch out," though each also has a much broader range.
יָשֵׁן yâshên · H3462 · to sleep, to fall asleep, to put to sleep: יָשֵׁן (yâshên, H3462) emphasizes remaining or enduring passively over time (often in the context of staying or sleeping long), while מָשַׁךְ (mâshak, H4900) emphasizes active prolongation, extension, or drawing out in time or space.

In the other Testament 1 word

ἑλκύω helkýō · G1670 · to pull, to drag, to draw: Greek ἑλκύω specifically denotes forceful dragging or pulling motion, corresponding to Hebrew מָשַׁךְ's core sense of drawing/pulling (as in drawing a sword, pulling someone along, or extending something through traction), though the Hebrew lemma has broader extended senses (defer, continue, scatter) not captured by the Greek.

Semantic domains 10 entries

Large002001001037: The word's sense of making a sound long relates to extending or drawing something out, as the long blast of the ram's horn that signaled the people to approach the mountain.
Move002002001012: The word denotes drawing or pulling something along, as the Midianite traders who drew Joseph up out of the pit.
Associate002003002002: This domain is not directly shown by the sampled citations, though the word's broader sense of drawing something toward oneself can imply drawing a person into association.
Control002003002007: The word can denote dragging or pulling an animal under control, as the heifer that has pulled in a yoke.
Engage002003003011: This domain is not directly shown by the sampled citations, though the word's sense of "handling" an implement elsewhere implies engaging with a tool or task.
Plant002002001014: The word's own gloss includes "sow," the act of scattering seed to plant a crop.
Know002004002007: This domain is not directly shown by the sampled citations, which describe physical drawing, dragging, and sounding rather than any act of knowing.
Endure002002003001: The word's sense of "continue" or "defer" denotes an action or state prolonged over time, an endurance of duration.
Sounds002004001009007: The word denotes sounding a long blast, as the ram's horn sounding to signal the people at Sinai, or the trumpet blast before Jericho's walls fell.
Patient002001002020: The word's sense of "forbear" or "defer" denotes patient restraint, holding back from acting immediately.

Word family 3 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

מָשַׁךְmâshak · H4900מֶשֶׁךְ meshek · H4901 · pouch, bag · 2×מוֹשְׁכָה môwshᵉkâh · H4189 · cords · 1×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H4900. mashak מָשַׁךְ verb draw, drag (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic מְשַׁח (rare) be…

H4900. mashak
מָשַׁךְ verb draw, drag (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic מְשַׁח (rare) be extended, also conduct, take, Syriac is be dry, shrivelled (of fruit., etc.); Ethiopic bend (the bow); Arabic grasp and hold I. Frey; IV. Frey Lane; compare also Assyrian mašku, skin (perhaps also march DlHWB 431), Arabic id., Aramaic , מַשְׁכָּא id.); —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳מ 1Ki 22:34 1Ki 22:2t., וּמָשַׁךְ consecutive Job 24:22; Job 24:3feminine singular מָֽשְׁכָה Deu 21:3, etc.; Imperfect יִמְשׁוֺךְ Job 21:33; וַיִּמְשֹׁךְ Jdg 20:37; Jdg 20:2masculine singular suffix תִּמְשְׁכֵנִי Psa 28:3; Psa 28:1singular suffix אֶמְשְׁכֵם Hos 11:4, etc.; Imperative מְשֹׁךְ Psa 36:11, suffix מָשְׁכֵנִי Son 1:4; masculine plural מִשְׁכוּ Exo 12:21, מָשְׁכוּ Eze 32:20; Infinitive construct מְשֹׁךְ Exo 19:13; Jos 6:5, לִמְשׁוֺךְ Ecc 2:3; Participle משֵׁךְ Amo 9:13; Psa 109:12; plural משְׁכִים Jdg 5:14; construct משְׁכֵי Isa 5:18; Isa 66:19; —
1 draw and lift out of (מִן), with accusative of person, הַבּוֺר מִן אֶתיֿוֺסֵף וַיַּעֲלוּ וַיִּמְשְׁכוּ Gen 37:28 (E), so Jeremiah (+ ב בַּחֲבָלִים, instrumental) Jer 38:13; compare בְּחַכָּה לִוְיָתָן תִּמְשֹׁךְ Job 40:25; draw, drag along הֵשָּׁוְא בְּחַבְלֵי עָוֺן משְׁכֵי Isa 5:18 (figurative); בְּרִשְׁתּוֺ בְּמָשְׁכוֺ Psa 10:9 (figurative of wicked catching and dragging the poor); draw, lead along (with hostile purpose) with accusative of person Jdg 4:7 (subject ׳י; + אֶלֿ person and thing); lead or drag off (to doom, subject ׳י) Psa 28:3 (compare Psa 26:9); similarly, or = draw down to death, וגו אוֺתָהּ ׳מָשְׁכוּ Eze 32:20 (si vera lectio; reference to fall of Egypt), but read perhaps a form of שׁכב for ᵐ5 משׁכו, Co Berthol, compare Sm.; absolute, subject heifer, בְּעוֺל מָֽשְׁכָה Deu 21:3 (ב instrumental); draw, lead (in love), (figurative, subject ׳י) אֶמְשְׁכֵם אָדָם בְּחַבְלֵי Hos 11:4, compare Jer 31:3 (al. as
5 below)
2 draw the bow, ׳מ בַּקֶּשֶׁת 1Ki 22:34 2Ch 18:33, but ק ׳משְׁכֵי Isa 66:19 (where text dubious, ᵐ5 Μοσοχ καὶ εἰς(θΩβελ), so Lo StaJavan 8 Du CheHpt, — not Gr CheComm Di).
3 proceed, march (compare German ziehen) תָּבוֺר בְּהַר וּמָשַׁכְתָָּ֫ Jdg 4:6; compare Jdg 20:37 (absolute), Job 21:33 (אַחֲרָיו); so also (perhaps) Exo 12:21 proceed (i.e. forthwith), and take you a sheep; and probably בְּשֵׁבֶט משְׁכִים Jdg 5:14 those marching with the staff, etc. (most under
2 drawing with, i.e. wielding).
4 draw out a sound, give a sound, הַיֹּבֵל בִּמְשֹׁךְ Exo 19:13 (E) when the ram ('s horn) sounds, בִּמ ׳הַיֹּבֵל בְּקֶרֶן Jos 6:5 (JE).
5 draw out, prolong, continue, לְֹידְעֶיךָ חַסְדְּךָ מְשֹׁח Psa 36:10 prolong, continue thy kindness to them that know thee; חֶסֶד משֵׁךְ לוֺ אַליְֿהִי Psa 109:12; (so possibly חָ֑סֶד מְשַׁכְתִּיךָ Jer 31:3 I have prolonged kindness to thee, compare Ryle Neh 9:30; and elsewhere as
1 above); compare רַבּוֺת ׳וַתִּמ שָׁנִים עֲלֶיהֶם Neh 9:30 (חֶסֶד omitted); ׳תִּמ וָדֹר לְדֹר אַמְּךָ Neh 85:6 (|| בָּנוּ תֶּאֱנַף הַלְעוֺלָם); ׳וּמ בְּכֹחוֺ אַבִּירִים Job 24:22 i.e. he (God) prolongeth the life of the mighty (Du draggeth them off, as Psa 28:3
1 above, — reading also אֹבְּדִים for ׳אַבּ with ᵐ5 Bi); compare
Niph`al 6. trail seed (draw along in sowing) Amo 9:13 (opposed to עֲנָבִים דָֹּרֵךְ; compare מֶשֶׁךְ below)
7 (late) cheer (draw, attract, gratify) אֶתבְּֿשָׂרִי ׳מ בַּיַּיִן Ecc 2:3, — so De (who cites Late Hebrew, Chag14a) Now Wild. — אֶתלֹּֿצֲצִים יָדוֺ מָשַׁךְ Hos 7:5 is difficult, ᵐ5 AV RV he stretcheth out his hand with, maketh common cause with, is hardly possibly, text probably corrupt We Now.
Niph`al Imperfect3masculine plural יִמָּשֵׁ֑כוּ לֹא Isa 13:22 they shall not be prolonged (days of Babylon); 3 feminine singular תִּמָּשֵׁךְ לֹא Eze 12:25, Eze 12:28 it shall not be postponed.
Pu`al Participle long drawn out: מְמֻשָּׁךְ Isa 18:2, Isa 18:7 of persons, = tall; מְמֻשָּׁכָה תֹּחֶלֶת Pro 13:12 hope postponed, deferred.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 10 entries

Large2 occurrences Patient1 occurrence Move18 occurrences Plant1 occurrence Endure8 occurrences Associate1 occurrence Control1 occurrence Engage1 occurrence Sounds2 occurrences Know1 occurrence

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0