Word

יָד

yâd · H3027 · Hebrew · 1,618 occurrences

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A word for 2 things

WheelTransportation28 verses
Upright beam, tenon, crosspiece, rungTabernacle construction4 verses

Meanings

hand, wrist, forearm, arm

The lower part of the upper limb of the human body, which in some contexts may include the full arm, apart from basic human activities such as holding, giving and taking, working, beating, also used in rituals around blessings, oaths, and prayer; used figuratively in expressions involving strength, control, responsibility, punishment; possibly used as a euphemism for the male genitals

Examples
Genesis 24:2 Abraham said to his servant, the oldest of his household who was in charge of all that he owned, “Please place your hand under my thigh,
Literally: to send out (one's) hand; hence: action by which humans straighten their arm in a certain direction (to stretch out (one's hand))

Examples
Genesis 22:10 And Abraham reached out with his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son.
body, back, chest

Literally: between (one's) hands; hence: part of the human body, especially from the shoulders to the bottom, either front or back

Examples
Zechariah 13:6 “And someone will say to him, ‘What are these wounds between your arms?’ Then he will say, ‘Those with which I was wounded at the house of my friends.’
in the idiomatic pairing of "hand" with an adjective of weakness or strength

A state of discouragement (weak hands) or courage (strong hands), or the causative action of discouraging or encouraging someone

Examples
2 Samuel 4:1 Now when Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, heard that Abner had died in Hebron, his courage failed, and all Israel was horrified.
2 Samuel 2:7 “Now then, let your hands be strong and be valiant, since Saul your lord is dead, and also the house of Judah has anointed me king over them.”
Job 4:3 “Behold, you have taught many, And you have strengthened weak hands.
To join hands with someone, in a gesture of association or partnership (to join hands with mockers, to join hands (with someone))

Examples
Exodus 23:1 “You shall not give a false report; do not join your hand with a wicked person to be a malicious witness.
Hosea 7:5 On the day of our king, the officials became sick with the heat of wine; He stretched out his hand with scoffers,
To give, strike, or extend one's hand as a gesture of pledge, submission, or surrender — accepting an obligation or another's authority (to strike hands (in pledge), to yield, to surrender, to submit oneself, to pledge)

Examples
Job 17:3 “Make a pledge for me with Yourself; Who is there that will be my guarantor?
Jeremiah 50:15 “Raise your battle cry against her on every side! She has given herself up, her towers have fallen, Her walls have been torn down. For this is the vengeance of the LORD: Take vengeance on her; As she has done to others, so do to her.
Ezekiel 17:18 ‘Now he despised the oath by breaking the covenant, and behold, he pledged his allegiance, yet did all these things; he shall not escape.’”
to stay/withhold/restrain one's hand

To cease or refrain from an action already begun or intended

Examples
2 Samuel 24:16 When the angel extended his hand toward Jerusalem to destroy it, the LORD relented of the disaster and said to the angel who destroyed the people, “It is enough! Now drop your hand!” And the angel of the LORD was by the threshing floor of Araunah the Jebusite.
Ezekiel 18:8 and if he does not lend money at interest or take interest, if he keeps his hand from injustice and executes true justice between one person and another,
Literally: hand, used metonymically to denote the owner of the hand; hence: the person who is the originator of a particular event (hand (as metonym), person)

Examples
Genesis 49:24 But his bow remained firm, And his arms were agile, From the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob (From there is the Shepherd, the Stone of Israel),
Genesis 5:29 And he named him Noah, saying, “This one will give us comfort from our work and from the hard labor of our hands caused by the ground which the LORD has cursed.”
by, through, because of, to allow to happen

By the hand of, i.e., by means of, through the agency of, or because of a particular person or intermediary

Examples
Exodus 9:35 So Pharaoh’s heart was hardened, and he did not let the sons of Israel go, just as the LORD had spoken through Moses.
Jeremiah 41:9 Now as for the cistern where Ishmael had thrown all the bodies of the men whom he had struck and killed because of Gedaliah, it was the one that King Asa had constructed on account of Baasha, king of Israel; Ishmael the son of Nethaniah filled it with the dead.
Exodus 21:13 “Yet if he did not lie in wait for him, but God caused him to fall into his hand, then I will appoint you a place to which he may flee.
to help, support, serve someone

Often expressed as taking hold of, or being present at, another's hand or side

Examples
Isaiah 42:6 “I am the LORD, I have called You in righteousness, I will also hold You by the hand and watch over You, And I will appoint You as a covenant to the people, As a light to the nations,
1 Samuel 22:17 And the king said to the guards who were attending him, “Turn around and put the priests of the LORD to death, because their hand also is with David and because they knew that he was fleeing and did not inform me.” But the servants of the king were unwilling to reach out with their hands to attack the priests of the LORD.
Literally: in (one's) hand; hence: state of carrying an object physically in one's hand or as part of one's luggage (to hold, carry, have (in one's luggage))

Examples
Genesis 22:6 And Abraham took the wood for the burnt offering and laid it on his son Isaac, and he took in his hand the fire and the knife. So the two of them walked on together.
1 Samuel 21:3 “Now then, what do you have on hand? Give me five loaves of bread, or whatever can be found.”
imminent

Literally: in (one's) hand; hence: state in which an event is about to take place

Examples
Job 15:23 “He wanders about for food, saying, ‘Where is it?’ He knows that a day of darkness is at hand.
in the control, charge, authority of someone

Under another's power or direction

Examples
Genesis 16:6 But Abram said to Sarai, “Look, your slave woman is in your power; do to her what is good in your sight.” So Sarai treated her harshly, and she fled from her presence.
1 Chronicles 25:2 Of the sons of Asaph: Zaccur, Joseph, Nethaniah, and Asharelah; the sons of Asaph were under the direction of Asaph, who prophesied under the direction of the king.
in one's possession or ownership

An object held as one's own, or (negatively) taken and kept without right

Examples
Genesis 33:19 He bought the plot of land where he had pitched his tent from the hand of the sons of Hamor, Shechem’s father, for a hundred pieces of money.
Deuteronomy 13:17 “Nothing at all from what is designated for destruction is to cling to your hand, in order that the LORD may turn from His burning anger and show mercy to you, and have compassion on you and make you increase, just as He has sworn to your fathers,
hand, responsibility

Literally: (someone's) hand; state in which humans bear the responsibility for a certain situation

Examples
Genesis 4:11 “Now you are cursed from the ground, which has opened its mouth to receive your brother’s blood from your hand.
Genesis 43:9 “I myself will take responsibility for him! You may demand him back from me. If I do not bring him back to you and present him to you, then you can let me take the blame forever.
to have sufficient means to afford or accomplish something

One's resources "reaching" or "finding" what is needed — or, negatively, to become dependent for lack of such means

Examples
Leviticus 5:7 ‘But if he cannot afford a lamb, then he shall bring to the LORD his guilt offering for that in which he has sinned, two turtledoves or two young doves, one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering.
Leviticus 25:35 ‘Now in case a countryman of yours becomes poor and his means among you falter, then you are to sustain him, like a stranger or a resident, so that he may live with you.
Leviticus 14:21 “But if he is poor and his means are insufficient, then he is to take one male lamb for a guilt offering as a wave offering to make atonement for him, and a tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil as a grain offering, and a log of oil,
to open one's hand in generosity, to shut it in stinginess

An idiom for willingness or refusal to give

Examples
Deuteronomy 15:7 “If there is a poor person among you, one of your brothers, in any of your towns in your land which the LORD your God is giving you, you shall not harden your heart, nor close your hand from your poor brother;
Deuteronomy 15:8 but you shall fully open your hand to him, and generously lend him enough for his need in whatever he lacks.
to lay/stretch out/lift up/turn one's hand against someone

An idiom for violent attack, arrest, punishment, or open defiance

Examples
2 Kings 11:16 So they seized her, and when they brought her to the horses’ entrance of the king’s house, she was put to death there.
Isaiah 5:25 For this reason the anger of the LORD has burned against His people, And He has stretched out His hand against them and struck them. And the mountains quaked, and their corpses lay like refuse in the middle of the streets. Despite all this, His anger is not spent, But His hand is still stretched out.
Genesis 37:22 Then Reuben said to them, “Shed no blood. Throw him into this pit that is in the wilderness, but do not lay a hand on him”—so that later he might rescue him out of their hands, to return him to his father.
Literally: to stretch out (one's) hand (on something); hence: action by which humans take possession of objects belonging to someone else (to lay hands (on something))

Examples
Exodus 22:8 “If the thief is not caught, then the owner of the house shall appear before the judges, to determine whether he laid his hands on his neighbor’s property.
Esther 9:10 the ten sons of Haman the son of Hammedatha, the Jews’ enemy; but they did not lay their hands on the plunder.
broad, spacious

Literally: wide of hands; hence: state in which a certain object has a relatively large distance from side to side

Examples
1 Chronicles 4:40 They found pasture that was rich and good, and the land was spread out on both sides, and peaceful and undisturbed; for those who lived there previously were Hamites.
laziness, indolence

Literally: idleness of hands; hence: state in which humans avoid activity

Examples
Ecclesiastes 10:18 Through extreme laziness the rafters sag, and through idleness the house leaks.
monument, memorial

Literally: hand; hence: a pillar-like object made out of rock, possibly with a hand engraved upon it (as has been found on other ancient monuments, as a symbol of power or of prayer), set up in honor or memorial of someone (known ancient ones are in honor of a king or god)

Examples
1 Samuel 15:12 Samuel got up early in the morning to meet Saul; and it was reported to Samuel, saying, “Saul came to Carmel, and behold, he set up a monument for himself, then turned and proceeded on down to Gilgal.”
2 Samuel 18:18 Now Absalom in his lifetime had taken and set up for himself a memorial stone, which is in the King’s Valley, for he said, “I have no son to continue my name.” So he named the memorial stone after his own name, and it is called Absalom’s Monument to this day.
the side or immediate vicinity of a place or object

A spatial reference analogous to the position of one's hand or arm alongside the body

Examples
Joshua 15:46 from Ekron even to the sea, all that were by the side of Ashdod, with their villages.
Deuteronomy 23:12 “You shall also have a place allocated outside the camp, so that you may go out there to relieve yourself,
shares, portions, times, groups, divisions

Literally: hands; hence: more or less equal portions

Examples
Genesis 43:34 Then he took portions to them from his own table, but Benjamin’s portion was five times as much as any of theirs. So they drank freely with him.
to "fill the hand"

An idiom for ordaining or consecrating a person to priestly office, or an object for sacred use

Examples
2 Chronicles 29:31 Then Hezekiah said, “Now that you have consecrated yourselves to the LORD, come forward and bring sacrifices and thanksgiving offerings to the house of the LORD.” So the assembly brought sacrifices and thanksgiving offerings, and everyone who was willing brought burnt offerings.
Ezekiel 43:26 ‘For seven days they shall make atonement for the altar and purify it; so shall they consecrate it.
Literally: to lay (one's) hand on (one's) mouth; hence: action by which humans purposefully refrain from speaking up (to keep (one's) mouth shut)

Examples
Job 40:4 “Behold, I am insignificant; what can I say in response to You? I put my hand on my mouth.
Job 21:5 “Look at me, and be astonished, And put your hand over your mouth.
to lift up, raise, stretch out one's hand as a deliberate, decisive act

To resolve upon and carry out a course of action, whether boldly or after a period of inaction

Examples
Exodus 3:20 “So I will reach out with My hand and strike Egypt with all My miracles which I shall do in the midst of it; and after that he will let you go.
Psalm 10:12 Arise, LORD; God, lift up Your hand. Do not forget the humble.
to eat

Literally: to bring (one's) hand to (one's) mouth; hence: action by which humans eat something

Examples
1 Samuel 14:26 When the people entered the forest, behold, there was honey dripping; but no man put his hand to his mouth, because the people feared the oath.
to arbitrate

Literally: to lay (one's) hand on (two parties); hence: causative action by which humans resolve a conflict between two parties

Examples
Job 9:33 “There is no arbitrator between us, Who can place his hand upon us both.
pledge

Object given in pledge

Examples
Leviticus 6:2 “When a person sins and acts unfaithfully against the LORD, and disavows the rightful claim of his neighbor regarding a deposit or a security entrusted to him, or regarding robbery, or he has extorted from his neighbor,
to swear, to take an oath

Literally: to lift up one's hand, a gesture accompanying an oath; hence: to swear, to take an oath

Examples
Deuteronomy 32:40 ‘Indeed, I raise My hand to heaven, And say, as I live forever,
Genesis 14:22 But Abram said to the king of Sodom, “I have sworn to the LORD God Most High, Possessor of heaven and earth,
tenon, axletree, handle

Literally: hand; hence: part of an object extending out in a certain direction, similar to function of the body's hand or arm

Examples
Exodus 26:17 “There shall be two tenons for each board, fitted to one another; that is what you shall do for all the boards of the tabernacle.
Exodus 36:22 There were two tenons for each board, fitted to one another; he did this to all the boards of the tabernacle.
strength, might

The hand or arm as an expression of strength or might in action; or, in its negated form, the state of being powerless

Examples
Exodus 3:19 “But I know that the king of Egypt will not permit you to go, except under compulsion.
Isaiah 37:27 “Therefore their inhabitants were powerless, They were shattered and put to shame; They were like the vegetation of the field and the green grass, Like grass on the housetops that is scorched before it has grown.
tool, implement

Literally: hand; hence: a handheld tool or implement of wood or stone

Examples
Numbers 35:17 ‘And if he struck him with a stone in the hand, by which he would die, and as a result he did die, he is a murderer; the murderer must be put to death.
Ezekiel 39:9 “Then those who inhabit the cities of Israel will go out and make fires with the weapons and burn them, both bucklers and shields, bows and arrows, war clubs and spears, and for seven years they will make fires of them.
assuredly

Literally: hand to hand; hence: state in which the truth of a statement is confirmed

Examples
Proverbs 11:21 Be assured, the evil person will not go unpunished, But the descendants of the righteous will be rescued.
Literally: to turn (one's) hand(s); hence: causative action by which a charioteer causes his vehicle to turn around giving a firm pull on the reins of the horse (to turn (a chariot))

Examples
2 Kings 9:23 So Joram turned back and fled, and he said to Ahaziah, “There is treachery, Ahaziah!”
bounty

Literally: as the hand of a king; hence: a state in which something is done without holding back as can be expected from a king

Examples
1 Kings 10:13 And King Solomon granted the queen of Sheba everything she desired, whatever she requested, besides what he gave her in proportion to his royal bounty. Then she departed and went to her own land together with her servants.
Esther 2:18 Then the king held a great banquet, Esther’s banquet, for all his officials and his servants; he also made a holiday for the provinces and gave gifts in proportion to the king’s bounty.

How it’s used In 10 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive

1,488 occurrences in 196 groups

הוּhis 326
ךָyour 188
יmy 154
הֶםtheir 120
כֶםyour 48
יְהֹוָהthe LORD, YHWH 39
Other words · 130 groups that occur once or twice (153) 153

Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles

67 occurrences in 22 groups

חָזָקstrong, powerful, mighty 24
שְׁנַיִםtwo 10
יְמָנִיright 7
טוֹבgood 4
נָטָהto stretch out, to incline 3
רוּםto be high, to raise, to lift up 3
Other words · 16 groups that occur once or twice (18) 18

Named alongside itApposition

2 occurrences in 2 groups

יָצָאto go out 1
נָטָהto stretch out, to incline 1

What it doesIt is the subject

166 occurrences in 61 groups

הָיָהto be, to become 38
נָשַׂגto overtake, to catch up with, to afford 12
מָצָאto find 11
רָפָהto grow weak 9
עָשָׂהto do, to make 7
חָזַקto be strong, to strengthen 6
Other words · 47 groups that occur once or twice (52) 52

What is done to itIt is the object

293 occurrences in 51 groups

שָׁלַחto send, to send away 55
נָטָהto stretch out, to incline 32
סָמַךְto lay (one's hand on), to uphold 25
נָשָׂאto lift up, to carry, to bear 23
מָלֵאto be full, to fill 19
שׁוּבto return, to turn back 17
Other words · 30 groups that occur once or twice (35) 35

Second object ofSecond object

3 occurrences in 3 groups

יָדַעto know 1
מָצָאto find 1
רָאָהto see 1

What it is said to bePredicate

25 occurrences in 21 groups

זֶהthis 4
Other words · 20 groups that occur once or twice (23) 23

What is said to be itIt is the predicate

88 occurrences in 73 groups

כְּלִיvessel, utensil, weapon 6
חֲנִיתspear 5
לוּחַtablet, board 4
הוּאhe, she, it 3
הִנֵּהbehold 3
כֹּחַstrength 3
Other words · 66 groups that occur once or twice (73) 73

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

950 occurrences in 11 groups

בin/on/with 1,026
מִןfrom 377
עַלon, upon, over, against 161
לto/for 20
אֵלto, toward 17
כlike/as 16
Other words · 3 groups that occur once or twice (5) 5

In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive

136 occurrences in 47 groups

מַעֲשֶׂהwork, deed 54
בֹּהֶןthumb 9
מִשְׁלוֹחַsending (of gifts) 7
אֵלGod, god 5
בֹּרcleanness 3
גְּמוּלactions 3
Other words · 38 groups that occur once or twice (46) 46

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

In the other Testament 2 words

χείρ cheír · G5495 · hand, finger, person: The Greek term χείρ (cheír, G5495) is the direct translation equivalent of Hebrew יָד (yâd, H3027), both denoting 'hand' in literal anatomical reference and extended figurative senses including power, agency, possession, and control, with the Greek explicitly noted as incorporating Hebraic idiomatic usage patterns through Septuagint influence.
יַד yad · H3028 · hand, power: יַד (yad, H3028) (Aramaic יַד) is the direct Aramaic cognate of יָד (yâd, H3027) (Hebrew יָד), both denoting 'hand' with extended metaphorical senses of power and agency; the Aramaic form appears in Daniel and Ezra's Aramaic sections as the precise linguistic equivalent.

Semantic domains 42 entries

People001001003: יָד can stand for a person acting or being acted upon, as when something is done 'by the hand of' an agent, a synecdoche for the person themselves (e.g. Exodus 9:35, 'by the hand of Moses').
Afraid002001002001: In some idioms weak or trembling hands express fear, as those whose hands go limp in dread (Jeremiah 6:24, Ezekiel 7:17).
Artifacts001003001001: The word can denote a crafted object shaped like or attached to a hand, such as the axletree or fitting of an artifact (1 Kings 7:32-33).
Associate002003002002: Giving one's hand signifies entering an alliance or pledge of association, as submitting one's hand in agreement (2 Chronicles 30:8, 'give the hand to the LORD').
Bear002003003003: The hand bears burdens and undertakes tasks, the bodily means by which weight and responsibility are carried.
Confident002001002003: A strengthened hand expresses confidence and resolve, as hands made strong for a task (2 Samuel 2:7, 'let your hands be strong').
Control002003002007: Most centrally, יָד denotes power, dominion, or control, as when something is delivered 'into the hand of' another, placing it under their authority (Genesis 9:2).
Engage002003003011: To 'put the hand to' a task is to engage actively in it, undertaking an endeavor with deliberate effort (Deuteronomy 12:7, 'in every undertaking of your hand').
Non-Engage002003003012: Conversely, withholding the hand describes refraining from action, a deliberate non-engagement (Genesis 37:27, 'let our hand not be against him').
Happen002002003003: Events are described as coming about 'by the hand of' someone, marking the hand as the agency through which an occurrence takes place.
Safe002003003019: To be 'in the hand of' a protector conveys safety and security, as being kept safe under God's care (Deuteronomy 33:3, 'all his holy ones are in your hand').
Hold002003001009: The hand is the bodily organ of grasping and holding, as taking hold of an object, a person, or a weapon.
Imminent002001003010: The phrase 'at hand' marks something as imminent or near in time, a proximity idiom built on the spatial nearness of the hand.
Possess002003002019: 'In the hand of' someone marks ownership or possession, the hand standing for what a person holds as their own (Genesis 24:10, 'all the treasures of his master in his hand').
Poor002001001043: A phrase like 'as his hand can reach' or 'as his hand is able' describes giving according to limited means, marking a person's poverty or insufficient resources (Leviticus 14:21-22).
Unwilling002001002031: A slack or withdrawn hand can express unwillingness or reluctance to act.
Willing002001002028: Conversely, an outstretched or offered hand expresses willingness, a voluntary readiness to act or give.
Impact002001001024: The hand can describe a striking blow or plague, 'the hand of the LORD' being heavy in judgment against a people (1 Samuel 5:6, 9).
Ingest002001001025: The hand is the bodily instrument by which food is brought to the mouth, associated with the act of eating.
Judge002004002006: The hand of witnesses is to be first in executing a legal sentence, marking the hand's role in carrying out judgment (Deuteronomy 17:7).
Large002001001037: A 'broad hand' or extended border describes an expanded, large territory or boundary (1 Chronicles 4:10, 'enlarge my border').
Lazy002001002017: A 'slack hand' describes laziness, an idle unwillingness to labor that leads to poverty (Proverbs 10:4).
Monuments001003002004: יָד can name a monument or memorial pillar, as the 'yad' Saul set up for himself at Carmel (1 Samuel 15:12) and the monument Absalom raised for himself (2 Samuel 18:18).
Spatial Referents003002005: The word also denotes 'side' or 'beside,' a spatial referent marking location relative to something else, as camping 'at the hand of' the Jordan (Numbers 2:17).
Quantity002001001046: A 'double hand' or 'double portion' uses the word to denote an amount or share, as Elisha's request for a double portion of Elijah's spirit (2 Kings 2:9).
Role002002002008: Standing 'at the right hand' of someone marks a position of honor or a designated role, as an advocate standing at the right hand to accuse or assist (Psalm 109:31, Zechariah 3:1).
Holy002001001033: 'Filling the hand' is the idiom for consecrating someone to priestly office, an ordination that sets a person apart as holy for service (Exodus 28:41).
Serve002003002023: The hand is the instrument of service, as ministers who serve 'by the hand of' Moses or the priests (Numbers 4:28).
Space002002001017: 'The hand of the sea' or 'the hand of the river' can denote a region or area, the space bordering a body of water (Judges 7:12, 'like locusts... on the seashore').
Non-Speak002004001009004: Laying the hand on the mouth is a gesture of silence, as Job's resolve to say no more (Job 40:4, 'I lay my hand on my mouth').
Stance002001001061: Lifting up the hand describes a bodily posture or stance, as raised hands in worship, oath, or supplication.
Chastise002003002005: 'The hand of the LORD' frequently denotes divine chastisement or discipline, His hand being heavy in punishment against sin (Judges 2:15).
Non-Possess002003002018: To go out 'empty-handed' describes a lack of possession, departing without gain or provision (Genesis 31:42).
Insignificant002001002015: A phrase describing 'a small hand' or minimal means can mark something as insignificant, a limited or modest contribution.
Objects001: As the literal body part, יָד denotes the physical hand itself, the concrete anatomical object at the end of the arm.
Vow002004001009013: Raising the hand is the gesture accompanying a solemn oath or vow, as Abram raising his hand to the LORD in a sworn pledge (Genesis 14:22).
Strong002001001063: 'A strong hand' or 'mighty hand' describes overwhelming power, most famously God's deliverance of Israel 'with a mighty hand' (Exodus 13:9).
Weak002001001069: 'Weak hands' or 'hands that hang down' describe discouragement and loss of strength, as the exhortation to strengthen feeble hands (Isaiah 35:3).
Tools001003001001017: The word can name a handle or fitting shaped for grasping, part of an implement's construction, matching the older gloss 'axletree.'
True002001003017: Giving the hand can serve as a pledge of good faith or truthful commitment, as Jehu's request for Jehonadab's hand in confirmation of alliance (2 Kings 10:15).
Turn002002001020: The word can mark a direction or turning point, as a 'hand' or side toward which one turns in travel or orientation.
Weapons001003001001020: The hand is closely associated with the weapon it wields, as a sword or spear held 'in the hand' for battle (Joshua 8:18).

Word family 3 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

יָדyâd · H3027יַד yad · H3028 · hand, power · 17×יַךְ yak · H3197 · side · 0×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H3027. yad יָד1604 noun feminineGen 25:26 + often (masculine Exo 17:12 see Di; on יָדַיִם…

H3027. yad
יָד1604 noun feminineGen 25:26 + often (masculine Exo 17:12 see Di; on יָדַיִם יִרְמּוּ 2Sa 4:1; Zep 3:16; 2Ch 15:7; Neh 6:9, see Ges§ 145, 7 a, R. 1) hand (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic יְדָא, ; Zinjirliיד DHMSendsch.Gloss; Arabic ; Sabean יד DHMZMG 1883, 343 Mordtib. 1879, 492; Ethiopic : (see LagBN 22); Samaritan ; Assyrian îdu, strength COTGloss; — der by most from √ לי֞, on ground of plural and suffix forms in cognate languages, see especially PhilippiZMG 1878, 74 BaZMG 1887, 637 but no trace of final י or ו in Hebrew, and meaning of such √ לי֞ not clear; Thes and others from ידה extend, throw, but this in Arabic Ethiopic פו֞, not פי֞, compare Hebrew Hiph`il; Philippi compare Arabic IV. strengthen; — Sta§ 182, 183 regards יד as biliteral) — absolute יָד Gen 38:28 +; construct יַד Gen 41:35 +; suffix יָדִי Gen 14:22 +; יָדְךָ Gen 22:12 + יָדְכָה Exo 13:16; יֶדְכֶם Gen 9:2 +; יֶדְכֶן Eze 13:21 (twice in verse); Eze 13:23, etc.; dual יָדַיִם Gen 34:21 +; construct יְדֵי Gen 24:30 + וִידֵי Exo 15:17 +, etc.; feminine plural (in figurative senses) absoluteיָדוֺת Gen 43:24 Gen 43:8t.; יָדֹת Gen 47:24 Gen 47:2t.; construct וִידוֺת 1Ki 7:32; suffix יְדֹתָיו Exo 26:19 (twice in verse) + 2t.; cstr יְדֹתֶיהָ 1Ki 7:35-36,.; יְדוֺתָם 1Ki 7:33; —
1 hand of man Gen 3:22; Gen 4:11; Gen 8:9 + often; יָד תַּבְנִית Eze 8:3 the shape of a hand (of God in Ezek,'s vision); of cherubim ׳ת אָדָם יַד Eze 10:8, אָדָם יְדֵי דְּמוּת V:21:
a. right hand (וֺׅ יַדיְֿמִינ Gen 48:17 (JE), Jdg 7:20; 2Sa 20:9; Jer 22:24; Eze 39:3; Psa 73:23; Psa 121:5; הַיְמָנִית[ם]יד Exo 29:20; Lev 8:23-24, Lev 14:14, Lev 14:17, Lev 14:25, Lev 14:28 (all P); a left-handed man is יַדיְֿמִינוֺ אִטֵּר Jdg 3:15; Jdg 20:16 (V.אטר); left hand שְׂמאֹל(וֺׅ יַד Jdg 3:21; Jdg 7:20; Eze 39:8; both hands of one person are denoted by dual, יָדַיִם Gen 27:22; 2Ki 3:11 + often; occasionally + numeral, יָדָ֑י שְׁתֵּי Deu 9:15, Deu 9:17, so Lev 16:21 (P); dual also of hands of several persons Gen 5:29; Exo 29:10, Exo 29:15, Exo 29:19; Deu 31:29; 2Ki 11:16 2Ch 23:15; Eze 21:12 +; yet sometimes singular of hand of several persons Gen 19:16; Exo 29:9; Lev 8:24; Deu 1:25; Deu 17:7 (twice in verse); Jdg 7:20 (twice in verse) +
b. ידיו כַּמּוֺת שְׁתֵּי 1Sa 5:4 the two palms of his hands; הידים כַּמּוֺת 2Ki 9:35; Dan 10:10; יָדֶיךָ אַצִּילוֺת armpits Jer 38:12; Eze 13:18; יָדָיו בֹּהֶן Exo 29:20 (P) = his thumbs (opposed to רַגְלָם בֹּהֶן); ורגל(יוׅ יד(יו) בְּהֹנוֺת Jdg 1:6-7, bracelets were worn on hands, i.e. wrists Gen 24:22, Gen 24:30, Gen 24:47 (J), compare thread bound on hand of Zerach Gen 38:28 (twice in verse); Gen 38:29-30, (J), and cords on hands of Samson Jdg 15:14; the ring was worn on hand, i.e. finger Gen 41:42 (E), Est 3:10.
c.as to hands in use, note ידיו זְרֹעֵי Gen 49:24 arms of his hands, i.e. arms which make his hands serviceable; בַּקֶּשֶׁת יָדוֺ מִלֵּא 2Ki 9:24 he filled his hand with the bow, i.e. caused his hand to grasp it, seized it; עַלהַֿקֶּשֶׁת יָדְךָ הַרְכֵּב 2Ki 13:16 (twice in verse); especially figurative of consecrating or installing (as priest), יַד מִלֵּא he filled the hand of any one (perhaps originally gave the selected portions of animal-sacrifices to, see Lev 8:25 ff, so Di), installed as priest Jdg 17:5, Jdg 17:12. 1Ki 13:33 (followed by וְ subordinate); elsewhere only P and late: Exo 28:41 (|| קִדַּשׁ), Exo 29:9 also Exo 29:29 (|| משׁח), Exo 29:33 קדּשׁ, Exo 29:35; Lev 8:33; 2Ch 13:9; 16:33, followed by infinitive Lev 16:33 (|| משׁח), Lev 21:10 (|| שֶׁמֶן יוּצַק), Num 3:3(|| משׁח); ליהוה יֶרְכֶם מִלֵּאתֶם2Ch 29:31 +?׳י, is addressed apparently to the whole congregation (otherwise Be Öttli, and Di Exo 32:29); so the same expression Exo 32:29; so the same expression Exo 32:29 (possibly) and 1Ch 29:5 (certainly) of offering gifts to ׳י; יָד֯ו מִלְאוּ Eze 43:26 of consecrating the altar (|| טִהַר כִּמֶּר,); לְ יַד שָׁלַח Jdg 5:26 stretch out hand to, so אֶלֿ ישׁלח 2Sa 6:6 (insert ידו Vrss Dr); hence יד(כ)ם מִשְׁלַח that to which one puts the hand, figurative, = undertaking, Deu 12:7, Deu 12:18; Deu 15:10; Deu 23:21; Deu 28:8, Deu 28:20 ; יד שׁלח also in hostile sense, with בְּ, Exo 22:7; 1Sa 24:7; 1Sa 24:11; 1Sa 26:11; Psa 55:21 +; compare יָדָם מִשְׁלוֺחַ מוֺאָב Isa 11:14; אֶבֶןיָֿד Num 35:17 (P) a stone (thrown from) the hand; עֵץיָֿד כְּלִי Num 35:18 a weapon in the hand; יָד מַקֵּל Eze 39:9 a staff in the hand; idols are וגו יְדֵי ׳מַעֲשֵׂה Isa 2:8 +?מַעֲשֶׂה; man is work of God's hand Job 14:15.
d. special phrases: kissing with the hand לְפִי יָדִי וַתִּשַּׁק Job 31:27; (in silence) פִי לְמוֺ שַׂמְתִּי יָדִי Job 40:4; Mic 7:16 (עַלמֶּֿה); the creditor is יָדוֺ מַשֵּׁה בַּעַל Deu 15:2; the debt כָליָֿד מַשָּׁא Neh 10:32; יֶדְכֶם תְּרוּמַת Deu 12:6, Deu 12:11, Deu 12:17 heave-offering of your hand; the hand is placed יָרֵךְ תחת in taking an oath Gen 24:2 (J); lifted (הרים) to ׳י Gen 14:22; so perhaps יָהּ עַלכֵּֿס יָד Exo 17:16 (E) hand on the throne of Yah ! (but difficult, see Di VB); often with ׃נשׂא the hand is lifted (נשׂא) to heaven Deu 32:40 (of ׳י's oath, poem); elsewhere chiefly Ezekiel and P: simply lift (נשׂא) the hand (= נשׁבע), sq, infinitive Exo 6:8; Num 14:30 (both P), Eze 20:28, Eze 20:42; Eze 47:14; followed by לְ person Eze 20:5 (twice in verse) (strike out Co as gloss); followed by לְ person + infinitive Eze 20:6, Eze 20:15, Eze 20:23; absolute Eze 36:7; hence (citations) Neh 9:15; Psa 106:26; compare Neh 8:6 the people answered יְדֵיהֶם בְּמֹעַל אָמֵן אָמֵן; יד(יםׅ נשׂא elsewhere (of men) in prayer Psa 28:2; compare Psa 68:32, and נִגְּרָה לַיְלָה יָדִי Psa 77:3. Also of God, to give a signal Isaiah 49:29; to rescue Psa 10:12. יָדוֺ יְנֹפֵף Isa 10:32 he brandisheth his hand (Assyrian, in defiance); יָדוֺ הֵנִיף Isa 11:15 (of ׳י in judgment), compareIsaiah 19:16; Zec 2:13 (followed byעל); יָדוֺ הֵנִיעַ); Zep 2:15 (in derision); ידלְ הוֺשִׁיעַ one's hand bringing deliverance to, gaining success, by force, for 1Sa 25:26 +? 1Sa 25:31 (ᵐ5 We Dr); the hand is weary יָגְָֽעָה 2Sa 23:10, it cleaves (דבק) to the sword (אֶלהַֿחֶרֶב) 2Sa 23:10 (both omitted by accident in || 1Ch 11:13, see VB); יָד שֶׁכֶר Lev 21:9 (H) fracture of hand = arm (|| רגל שֶׁבֶר); after נָתַן: give a pledge נְשֵׁיהֶם לְהוֺצִיא יָדָם וִיִּתְּנוּ Ezr 10:19; submit שְׁלֹמֹה תַּחַת יַד נָתַן 1Ch 29:24, i.e. they acknowledged him as their lord; ליהוה תְּנויָֿד; 2Ch 30:8; other phrase with preposition see below
e. of hand as strong, helpful, etc.: — (I) of man : יָדִי עֹצֶם Deu 8:17 (|| כֹּחִי); of fighting power of Edom חֲזָקָה בְּיָד Num 20:20 (J E; || כָּבֵד בְּעַם; compare below of God); קִצְרֵייָֿד small in power 2Ki 19:26 = Isa 37:27 (compare below of God); Israel went out of Egypt רָמָה בְּיָד according to P, Exo 14:8; Num 33:3 i.e. boldly, defiantly; same phrase of presumptuousness (against ׳י) Num 15:30 (P, compare רָ֫מָה יָדֵנוּDeu 32:27). Phrases of strengthening are: יָדָתו חִזַּק Jdg 9:24; Neh 6:9; בְּיָדַיִם חִזֵּק Ezr 1:6; בְּיַדֿ החזיק Job 8:20 (see חזק); אִתּוֺ יָדָיו לִהְיוֺת 2Ki 15:19 that his hands might be with him, to confirm the kingdom in his hand; note also יִתָּקֵעַ לְיָדִי מִיהֿוּא Job 17:3 who is he (that) will strike his hand into mine, i.e. give me a pledge (see below תקע); strength fails when hands drop: יָדָיו וַיִּרְמּוּ 2Sa 4:1 then his hands dropped down, he grew feeble, spiritless (see רפה); יָדַיִם רְפֵי 2Sa 17:2 weak-handed, weak (|| יָגֵעַ). (2) of (mighty) hand of God, pointing to earlier anthropomorphism; as strengthening Joseph Gen 49:24 (poem in J); as stretched out (שׁלח) to smite Exo 9:15 (J); so of י ׳מַלְאַךְ 2Sa 24:16, followed by accusative + לְ infinitive, opposed to יָדֶ֑ךָ הֶ֫רֶף 2Sa 24:16; as smiting (בְּ נָָֽגְעָה) 1Sa 6:9; Job 19:21; as against (בְ among, in) cattle, etc., Job 19:3 (J); city 1Sa 5:9; the murrain 1Sa 5:3 (J); יַדיֿהוה as heavy against (אֶל כבדה) 1Sa 5:6; כָּֽבְדָה שָׁם 1Sa 5:11; עַל קָֽשְׁתה 1Sa 5:7 of withdrawal of ׳יs chastising hand מִכֶּם יָדוֺ תָּסוּר 1Sa 6:3; and (׳י subject) מֵעֲלֵיכֶם אֶתיָֿדוֺ יָקֵל 1Sa 6:5; of ׳יs power to deliver his people: — יָד חֹ֫זֶק Exo 13:3, Exo 13:14, Exo 13:16 (all J E) ; חֲזָקָה יָד Exo 6:1 (twice in verse) (JE), Exo 13:9 (JE), Deu 6:21; Deu 7:8; Jos 4:24 (D); esp: in phrase נְטוּיָה וּ(בִ)זְרוֺעַ חֲזָקָה (בְּ)יָד Deu 4:34 + (see זְרוֺעַ p. 284); חזקה יד + גָּדוֺל כֹּחַ Exo 32:11 (JE), Neh 1:10; ׳י הֲיַד תִּקְצָ֑ר Num 11:23 (JE) is the hand of ׳י shortened ? Isa 50:2; Isa 59:1 (both followed by מִן); נְטוּיָה יָד in judgment Isa 9:11; Isa 9:16; Isa 9:20; Isa 10:4; יַדיֿ ׳הָֽיְתָה עלי(וׅ of grasp of ׳יs hand in prophetic inspiration Eze 1:3; Eze 3:22; Eze 37:1; Eze 40:1; 2Ki 3:15; ׳יַדיֿ חזקה עָלַי Eze 3:14; so הַיָּד֑ בְּחֶזְקַת Isa 8:11; of God's (׳י's) good hand = favour, (late) יַד על(יו) טוֺבָה אלה(יו) Ezr 7:9; Ezr 8:18; Neh 2:8, Neh 2:18; without טוֺבָה Ezr 7:6, Ezr 7:28; Ezr 8:22, Ezr 8:31; followed by inf, לָהֶם לָתֵת האלהים יַד2Ch 30:12; לְגַדֵּל בְּיָָֽדְךָ 1Ch 29:12; in General בְּיָָֽדְךָ וּגְבוּרָה כֹּחַ 1Ch 29:12; of protection יָדוֺ בְּצֵל Isa 49:2 in the shadow of his (׳י's) hand.
2 Figurative= strength, power: — יָדָיִם בָהֶם הָיָה לֹא לָנוּס Jos 8:20 (JE) there was not in them strength to flee; יְדֵיהֶם כָלאַֿנְשֵׁיחַֿיִל מָֽצְאוּ לֹא Psa 76:6 none of the men of might have found their hands, i.e. their powers are paralyzed in death (|| שְׁנָתָם נָמוּ); with reference to pecuniary ability: שֶׂה דֵּי יָדוֺ גִּיעַ תַּ Lev 5:7 (on this and others with דֵּי see דַּי p. 191); יָדוֺ תַּגִּיעַ תוֺרִים לִשְׁתֵּי Lev 5:11 if his hand do not reach to two turtledoves; מַשֶּׂגֶת יָדוֺ אֵין Lev 14:21 if his hand be unable to reach; so combinations with נשׂג Hiph`il: Lev 14:22; Lev 14:30; Lev 14:31; Lev 14:32; Num 6:21 (all foregoing P), Lev 25:26, Lev 25:47, Lev 25:49; Lev 27:8 (all H), Eze 46:7; יָדוֺ כְּמִתְּנַת Deu 16:17 according to the giving of his hand, i.e. his ability; similarly יָדוֺ מַתַּת Eze 46:5, Eze 46:11; on יָדִי יֶשׁלְֿאֵל Gen 31:29, etc., see II. אֵל above; other phrase with preposition see below; of dominion of king בְּ יָדוֺ לְהָשִׁיב 2Sa 8:3 read probably as || 1Ch 18:3 בְּ יָדוֺ לְהַצִּיב to establish his dominion at; hand = display of strength, action of ׳י Psa 78:42; Job 27:11; Deu 34:12; especially י עָשָׂה אֲשֶׁר הַגְּדֹלָה הַיָּד ׳הַיָּד Exo 14:31 (J) = the great achievement which ׳י did.
3 Figurative= side:
a. of way דֶּרֶךְ יַד 1Sa 4:13 Qr (Kt יך; but read probably השׁער לְיַד see Dr.).
b. of gate יַדהַֿשַּׁעַר בְּעַד 1Sa 4:18 (text dubious, see Dr).
c. of stream or wady יַבֹּק נַחַל כָּליַֿד Deu 2:37. Especially dual:
d. of land, יָדַיִם רַחֲבַת ארץ Gen 34:21 (P) the land is

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 42 entries

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0

יָד