Word

πίνω

pínō · G4095 · Greek · 73 occurrences

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Meanings

to drink, drinking

To consume liquids, particularly water and wine

Examples
Matthew 11:18 “For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, ‘He has a demon!’
Matthew 11:19 “The Son of Man came eating and drinking, and they say, ‘Behold, a gluttonous man and a heavy drinker, a friend of tax collectors and sinners!’ And yet wisdom is vindicated by her deeds.”
Matthew 24:38 “For as in those days before the flood they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered the ark,
to absorb, to soak up

(A figurative extension of meaning of πίνω ‘to drink,’) The action of a material which soaks up a liquid

Examples
Hebrews 6:7 For ground that drinks the rain which often falls on it and produces vegetation useful to those for whose sake it is also tilled, receives a blessing from God;
to undergo a difficult experience, to drink the cup, to suffer

(An idiom, literally: to drink a cup) To undergo a trying, difficult experience

Examples
Matthew 20:22 But Jesus replied, “You do not know what you are asking. Are you able to drink the cup that I am about to drink?” They said to Him, “We are able.”
Matthew 20:23 He said to them, “My cup you shall drink; but to sit at My right and at My left is not Mine to give, but it is for those for whom it has been prepared by My Father.”
Matthew 26:42 He went away again a second time and prayed, saying, “My Father, if this cup cannot pass away unless I drink from it, Your will be done.”

How it’s used In 10 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

65 occurrences in 18 groups

Not stated in the clause 10
Not stated: you (more than one) 9
Not stated: I 8
Not stated (participle) 8
Not stated: he, she or it 6
Not stated: they 4
Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (13) 13

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

30 occurrences in 12 groups

ποτήριονcup 7
αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 5
αἷμαblood 4
οἶνοςwine 4
ὅςwho, which, that 3
Other words · 7 groups that occur once or twice (8) 8

To or for whomIndirect object

4 occurrences in 3 groups

ἐγώI, we 2
ἑαυτοῦhimself, herself, itself 1
αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

19 occurrences in 20 groups

ἐκfrom+ αὐτόςhe, she, it, same 3
ἐνin+ βασιλείαkingdom, reign 3
Other words · 18 groups that occur once or twice (22) 22

With adverbsAdverbs

9 occurrences in 5 groups

οὐnot 6
μήnot 1
ἀναξίωςnot being worthy 1
οὐκέτιno longer 1
πῶςhow? by what means? 1

Named alongside itApposition

4 occurrences in 3 groups

ποτήριονcup 2
γῆearth 1
πατήρfather 1

What it doesIt is the subject

5 occurrences in 5 groups

διψάωto thirst, to be thirsty 2
ἐσθίωto eat 1
ἔχωto have 1
μένωto remain, to stay, to abide 1
πίνωto drink 1

What is done to itIt is the object

17 occurrences in 7 groups

λέγωto say 8
δύναμαιcan 3
ἔπωto say 2
δίδωμιto give, to grant 1
ζητέωto seek, to look for 1
μέλλωto be about to 1

What it is said to bePredicate

2 occurrences in 2 groups

ἔνοχοςguilty, liable 1
καλόςgood 1

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

1 occurrences in 1 groups

εἰςto 2

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

In the other Testament 1 word

שָׁתָה shâthâh · H8354 · to drink, to drink up, to undergo: Hebrew שָׁתָה (shâthâh, H8354) is the standard Hebrew verb for drinking, serving as the direct lexical equivalent to Greek πίνω (pínō, G4095) across both literal and figurative drinking contexts in LXX translation.

Semantic domains 3 entries

To absorb, to soak up14.35: πίνω can describe ground taking in moisture, as a field absorbs rain. Hebrews illustrates fruitful and fruitless response to God's word: “For ground that drinks the rain which often falls on it and produces vegetation useful to those for whose sake it is also tilled, receives a blessing from God” (Hebrews 6:7).
To drink, drinking23.34: Most often, the verb names the ordinary act of drinking. Matthew's account of the Lord's Supper records Jesus's words over the cup: “And when He had taken a cup and given thanks, He gave it to them, saying, ‘Drink from it, all of you’” (Matthew 26:27).
To undergo a difficult experience, to drink the cup, to suffer24.81: Figuratively, the same verb describes undergoing a fated hardship, pictured as a cup one must drink. Matthew records Jesus asking James and John's mother's sons, “But Jesus replied, ‘You do not know what you are asking. Are you able to drink the cup that I am about to drink?’ They said to Him, ‘We are able’” (Matthew 20:22).

Word family 12 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

πίνωpínō · G4095ποτήριον potḗrion · G4221 · cup, to cause someone not to experience, to take the cup from · 31×πόθεν póthen · G4159 · from where? whence? where?, how, in what manner · 29×ποτίζω potízō · G4222 · to give to drink, to water, to irrigate · 15×καταπίνω katapínō · G2666 · to swallow, to destroy, to ruin completely · 7×πόσις pósis · G4213 · a drink, drinking · 3×πόμα póma · G4188 · a drink · 2×συμπόσιον sympósion · G4849 · a group eating together · 2×πότος pótos · G4224 · orgy, revelling, carousing · 1×συμπίνω sympínō · G4844 · to drink together · 1×

Also from the root πίνω

οἰνοπότης oinopótēs · G3630 · drunkard, heavy drinker · 2×ὑδροποτέω hydropotéō · G5202 · to drink water · 1×

Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon imperfect ἔπινον; future πίομαι (cf. Winer's Grammar, 90f (86)), 2 person singular πίεσαι…

imperfect ἔπινον; future πίομαι (cf. Winer's Grammar, 90f (86)), 2 person singular πίεσαι (Lk 17:8 ((see references in κατακαυχάομαι))); perfect 3 person singular (Rev 18:3) πέπωκε R G, but L T WH marginal reading plural πέπωκαν, for which Lachmann's stereotyped edition; Tr text WH text read πεπτωκαν (see γίνομαι); 2 aorist ἔπιον, imperative πίε (Lk 12:19), infinitive πιεῖν ((Mt 20:22; Mt 27:34 (not Tdf.); Mk 10:38); Acts 23:12 (not WH), 21; Rom 14:21 (not WH), etc.), and in colloquial form πῖν (Lachmann in Jn 4:9; Rev 16:6), and πεῖν (T Tr WH in Jn 4:7, Jn 4:9f; T WH in 1 Cor 9:4; 1 Cor 10:7; Rev 16:6; T in Mt 27:34 (twice); WH in Acts 23:12, Acts 23:21; Rom 14:21, and often among the variants of the manuscripts) — on these forms see (especially WHs Appendix, p. 170); Fritzsche, De conformatione N. T. critica etc., p. 27f; Buttmann, 66f (58f); (Curtius, Das Verbum, ii. 103); the Sept. for שָׁתָה; (from Homer down); to drink: absolutely, Lk 12:19; Jn 4:7, Jn 4:10; 1 Cor 11:25; figuratively, to receive into the soul what serves to refresh, strengthen, nourish it unto life eternal, Jn 7:37; on the various uses of the phrase ἐσθίειν καί πίνειν see in ἐσθίω, a.; τρώγειν καί πίνειν, of those living in fancied security, Mt 24:38; πίνω with an accusative of the thing, to drink a thing (cf. Winer's Grammar, 198 (187) n.), Mt 6:25 (G T omit; WH brackets the clause), ; ; Mk 14:25; Mk 16:18; Rev 16:6; to use a thing for drink, Lk 1:15; Lk 12:29; Rom 14:21; 1 Cor 10:4 (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 40, 3 b.); τό αἷμα of Christ, see αἷμα, at the end; τό ποτήριον i. e. what is in the cup, 1 Cor 10:21; 1 Cor 11:27, etc. (see ποτήριον, a.). ἡ γῆ is said πίνειν τόν ὑετόν, to suck in, absorb, imbibe, Heb 6:7 (Deut 11:11; Herodotus 3, 117; 4, 198; Vergil ecl. 3, 111sat prata biberunt). πίνω ἐκ with a genitive of the vessel out of which one drinks, ἐκ τοῦ ποτηρίου, Mt 26:27; Mk 14:23; 1 Cor 10:4 (cf. above); (Aristophanes eqq. 1289); ἐκ with a genitive denoting the drink of which as a supply one drinks, Mt 26:29; Mk 14:25; ἐκ τοῦ ὕδατος, Jn 4:13f; ἐκ τοῦ οἴνου (or θυμοῦ), Rev 14:10; Rev 18:3 (L omits; Tr WH brackets τοῦ οἴνου); ἀπό with a genitive of the drink, Lk 22:18. (Cf. Buttmann, § 132, 7; Winer's Grammar, 199 (187). Compare: κατασυμπίνω.)

Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain

Topical studies with this word 3 entries

Events Involving Liquids and Dry Masses1 occurrence Eat, Drink62 occurrences Pain, Suffering9 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0