Word

ποτήριον

potḗrion · G4221 · Greek · 31 occurrences

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Thing

CupEating utensils86 verses

Meanings

cup

An object from which one may drink

Examples
Matthew 10:42 “And whoever gives one of these little ones just a cup of cold water to drink in the name of a disciple, truly I say to you, he shall by no means lose his reward.”
Matthew 23:25 “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you clean the outside of the cup and of the dish, but inside they are full of robbery and self-indulgence.
Matthew 23:26 “You blind Pharisee, first clean the inside of the cup and of the dish, so that the outside of it may also become clean.
to cause someone not to experience, to take the cup from

(An idiom, literally: to take the cup … from) To cause someone to not undergo some trying experience

Examples
Matthew 26:39 And He went a little beyond them, and fell on His face and prayed, saying, “My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from Me; yet not as I will, but as You will.”
Mark 14:36 And He was saying, “Abba! Father! All things are possible for You; remove this cup from Me; yet not what I will, but what You will.”
Luke 22:42 saying, “Father, if You are willing, remove this cup from Me; yet not My will, but Yours be done.”
to undergo a difficult experience, to drink the cup, to suffer

(An idiom, literally: to drink a cup) To undergo a trying, difficult experience

Examples
Matthew 20:22 But Jesus replied, “You do not know what you are asking. Are you able to drink the cup that I am about to drink?” They said to Him, “We are able.”
Matthew 20:23 He said to them, “My cup you shall drink; but to sit at My right and at My left is not Mine to give, but it is for those for whom it has been prepared by My Father.”
Mark 10:38 But Jesus said to them, “You do not know what you are asking. Are you able to drink the cup that I drink, or to be baptized with the baptism with which I am baptized?”

How it’s used In 9 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive

8 occurrences in 7 groups

κύριοςLord 2
δαιμόνιονdemon, evil spirit 1
ἐγώI, we 1
εὐλογίαblessing, praise 1
οἶνοςwine 1
ὀργήwrath, anger 1

Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles

7 occurrences in 4 groups

οὗτοςthis 5
γέμωto be full of 1
χρύσεοςgolden 1
ψυχρόςcold 1

Named alongside itApposition

7 occurrences in 6 groups

πίνωto drink 2
δίδωμιto give, to grant 1
ἐκχέωto pour out 1
εὐλογέωto bless, to praise 1
κεράννυμιto mix 1
μέλλωto be about to 1

What it doesIt is the subject

1 occurrences in 1 groups

παρέρχομαιto pass away, to pass by 1

What is done to itIt is the object

15 occurrences in 7 groups

πίνωto drink 7
λαμβάνωto receive, to take 2
παραφέρωto drive along 2
δέχομαιto receive, to welcome, to accept 1
δίδωμιto give, to grant 1
δύναμαιcan 1

Second object ofSecond object

2 occurrences in 1 groups

ποτίζωto give to drink, to water 2

What it is said to bePredicate

3 occurrences in 2 groups

διαθήκηcovenant 2
κοινωνίαfellowship, participation 1

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

3 occurrences in 2 groups

ἐνin 4
ἐκfrom 2

In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive

4 occurrences in 3 groups

ἔξωθενoutside, from outside 2
ἐντόςamong 1
βαπτισμόςwashing, baptism 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

In the other Testament 1 word

כּוֹס kôwç · H3563 · cup, little owl: Direct translation equivalent denoting a cup or drinking vessel, with shared metaphorical extension to fate or portion (cf. 'cup of wrath' imagery across both testaments).

Semantic domains 3 entries

To undergo a difficult experience, to drink the cup, to suffer24.81: Used figuratively, the noun names a lot or fate to be endured, especially suffering. Matthew's account of the request of James and John's mother uses this term: “But Jesus replied, ‘You do not know what you are asking. Are you able to drink the cup that I am about to drink?’ They said to Him, ‘We are able’” (Matthew 20:22, where the underlying noun names the suffering He was about to undergo).
Cup6.121: Most literally, the noun names a drinking vessel. Jesus's teaching on giving a cup of cold water uses this term: “‘And whoever gives one of these little ones just a cup of cold water to drink in the name of a disciple, truly I say to you, he will not lose his reward’” (Matthew 10:42).
To cause someone not to experience, to take the cup from90.97: In Gethsemane, the same noun appears in Jesus's prayer asking that His coming suffering be removed from Him, if possible. Matthew's account of that prayer uses this term: “‘My Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass from Me; yet not as I will, but as You will’” (Matthew 26:39, where the underlying request is that the cup of suffering be taken away rather than drunk).

Word family 10 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

πίνω pínō · G4095 · to drink, drinking, to absorb · 73×ποτήριονpotḗrion · G4221πόθεν póthen · G4159 · from where? whence? where?, how, in what manner · 29×ποτίζω potízō · G4222 · to give to drink, to water, to irrigate · 15×καταπίνω katapínō · G2666 · to swallow, to destroy, to ruin completely · 7×πόσις pósis · G4213 · a drink, drinking · 3×πόμα póma · G4188 · a drink · 2×συμπόσιον sympósion · G4849 · a group eating together · 2×πότος pótos · G4224 · orgy, revelling, carousing · 1×συμπίνω sympínō · G4844 · to drink together · 1×

Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon ποτηρίου, τό (diminutive of ποτήρ), a cup, a drinking vessel; a. properly: Mt 23:25; Mt…

ποτηρίου, τό (diminutive of ποτήρ), a cup, a drinking vessel;
a. properly: Mt 23:25; Mt 26:27; Mk 7:4, Mk 7:8 (T WH omit; Tr brackets the verse); Mk 14:23; Lk 11:39; Lk 22:17, Lk 22:20; 1 Cor 11:25; Rev 17:4; πίνειν ἐκ τοῦ ποτηρίου, 1 Cor 11:28; τό ποτήριον τῆς ἐυλογιασς (see εὐλογία, 4), 1 Cor 10:16; with a genitive of the thing with which the cup is filled: ψυχροῦ, Mt 10:42; ὕδατος, Mk 9:41; by metonymy, of the container for the contained, the contents of the cup, what is offered to be drunk, Lk 22:20b ((WH reject the passage) cf. Winer's 635f (589f)); 1 Cor 11:25f; τό ποτήριον τίνος, genitive of the person giving the entertainment (cf. Rückert, Abendmahl, p. 217f): πίνειν, 1 Cor 10:21 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 189 (178)); (cf. Winers Grammar, 411 (410)).
b. By a figure common to Hebrew, Arabic, Syriac, and not unknown to Latin writers, one's lot or experience, whether joyous or adverse, divine appointments, whether favorable or unfavorable, are likened to a cup which God presents one to drink (cf. Winer's Grammar, 32): so of prosperity, Ps 15:5; Ps 22:5; Ps 115:13; of adversity, Ps 10:6; Ps 74:9; Isa 51:17, Isa 51:22. In the N. T. of the bitter lot (the sufferings) of Christ: Mt 26:39, Mt 26:42 Rec.; Mk 14:36; Lk 22:42; Jn 18:11; πίνειν τό ποτήριον μου or ὁ ἐγώ πίνω, to undergo the same calamities which I undergo, Mt 20:22, Mt 20:23; Mk 10:38, Mk 10:39 (Plautus Cas. 5, 2, 53 (50) ut senex hoc eodem poculo quod ego bibi biberet, i. e. that he might be treated as harshly as I was); used of the divine penalties: Rev 14:10; Rev 16:19; Rev 18:6. ((Alcaeus, Sappho), Herodotus, Ctesias (), Aristophanes, Lucian, others; the Sept. for כּוס.)

Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain

Topical studies with this word 3 entries

Containers21 occurrences Pain, Suffering7 occurrences To Cause To Experience3 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0