ἀναπληρόω

מָלֵא mâlêʼ · H4390 · to be full, to be filled, to fill (with oneself)

מָלֵא (mâlêʼ, H4390) is the Hebrew semantic equivalent, both denoting the core concept of 'filling/completing' — מָלֵא (mâlêʼ, H4390) encompasses physical filling, fulfillment of time/prophecy, and consecration (filling of hands), while ἀναπληρόω (anaplēróō, G378) extends to occupying a role and accomplishing divine purposes; the alignment reflects genuine translation equivalence in LXX passages where 'fill/fulfill' is the shared semantic load.

שָׁלַם shâlam · H7999 · to be finished, to finish

Hebrew שָׁלַם emphasizes completion through payment, restoration, or making whole (often with covenant/relational overtones of peace and recompense), while Greek ἀναπληρόω focuses on filling up what is lacking or supplying what completes a deficiency (often used for fulfilling prophecy or occupying a role); both share the core concept of bringing something to its intended fullness or completion.

To cause to happen, to make happen, to fulfill13.106

In Matthew 13:14, Jesus says, “in their case the prophecy of Isaiah is being fulfilled (anaplēroũtai), which says, ‘YOU SHALL KEEP ON LISTENING, BUT SHALL NOT UNDERSTAND,’” describing a prophecy coming to realization.

To obey, to conform to, to submit to36.17

In Galatians 6:2, Paul instructs, “Bear one another's burdens, and thereby fulfill (anaplērṓsete) the law of Christ,” describing conforming one's conduct to what that law requires.

To provide what is lacking, to make up for57.79

In Philippians 2:30, Paul says Epaphroditus risked his life “to compensate for (anaplērṓsē) your absence in your service to me,” describing making up for a deficiency the Philippians could not themselves supply.

To make complete, to complete the number of59.33

In 1 Thessalonians 2:16, Paul says of those hindering the gospel that “they always reach the limit (anaplērōñsai) of their sins,” describing their sins filling up to a complete, full measure.

To bring to completion, to cause to be complete68.27

In 1 Corinthians 16:17, Paul rejoices over Stephanas, Fortunatus, and Achaicus, “because they have supplied (anepĺērōsan) what was lacking on your part,” describing their bringing a deficient situation to completion.

To occupy, to be in85.24

In 1 Corinthians 14:16, Paul asks how “the one who occupies the place (anaplērōñ tòn tópon) of the outsider” will know to say “Amen” at a thanksgiving spoken only in a tongue, describing someone occupying a particular position in the assembly.

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.