ἡττάω
hēttáō · G2274 · Greek · 3 occurrences
Meanings
-
to be treated worse, to suffer more
To experience worse treatment
Examples2 Corinthians 12:13 For in what respect were you treated as inferior to the rest of the churches, except that I myself did not become a burden to you? Forgive me this wrong!
-
to be defeated, to be conquered, to be controlled by
To experience defeat and subjection
Examples2 Peter 2:19 promising them freedom while they themselves are slaves of corruption; for by what anyone is overcome, by this he is enslaved.
2 Peter 2:20 For if, after they have escaped the defilements of the world by the knowledge of the Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, they are again entangled in them and are overcome, the last state has become worse for them than the first.
How it’s used In 3 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- τὶςsomeone 1
- Not stated: you (more than one) 1
- Not stated: they 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- ὑπέρfor+ ἐκκλησίαcongregation, church 1
What it is said to bePredicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- τίςwho? what?, why? for what reason? 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 1 word
- δουλόω doulóō · G1402 · to enslave, to make a slave of someone, to gain control over
- Greek verb describing being brought into servitude or bondage, overlapping with ἡττάω's sense of being conquered or brought under control (as in 2 Peter 2:19, where being overcome by something results in enslavement to it). Both convey subjugation to a controlling power, though δουλόω specifically emphasizes the resulting state of enslavement whereas ἡττάω emphasizes the act of defeat or conquest.
In the other Testament 1 word
- נָגַף nâgaph · H5062 · to stumble, to strike, to strike down
- Hebrew verb for being defeated or struck down in battle or conflict, a common rendering for the passive sense of ἡττάω ('to be vanquished, defeated'). Both terms describe the state of being overcome in combat or contest.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- To be defeated, to be conquered, to be controlled by39.61
- In 2 Peter 2:20, it is written of false teachers, “they are again entangled in them and are overcome, the last state has become worse for them than the first,” using this verb for being brought under another's control.
- To be treated worse, to suffer more88.134
- In 2 Corinthians 12:13, Paul asks the Corinthians, “in what respect were you treated as inferior to the rest of the churches, except that I myself did not become a burden to you?” using this verb for being treated worse than others.
Word family 20 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon see ἡττάω and under the word Sigma. G2274 — ἡττάω : (ἥττων); to make less, inferior, to…
G2274 — ἡττάω
: (ἥττων); to make less, inferior, to overcome (the active is only in Polybius, Diodorus, Josephus, Antiquities 12, 7, 1 (other examples in Veitch, under the word)); passive ἡττάομαι, from (Sophocles and) Herodotus down; perfect ή῾ττημαι; 1 aorist ἡττήθην (ἡσσωθην, 2 Cor 12:13 L T Tr WH; in opposed to which form cf. Fritzsche, De conform. N. T. crit. quam Lachmann edition, p. 32 (yet see Kuenen and Cobet, N. T. ad fid. Vat., p. xc.; WHs Appendix, p. 166; Buttmann, 59 (52); Veitch, under the word)); to be made inferior; to be overcome, worsted: in war, ὑπό τίνος, 2 Macc. 10:24; universally, τίνι (cf. Buttmann, 168 (147); Winer's Grammar, 219 (206)), to be conquered by one, forced to yield to one, 2 Pet 2:19; absolutely, 2 Pet 2:20. τί ὑπέρ τινα, equivalent to ἧττον ἔχω τί, to hold a thing inferior, set below (on the accusative (ὁ) cf. Buttmann, § 131, 10; and on the comparitive use of ὑπέρ see ὑπέρ, II. 2 b.), 2 Cor 12:13.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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