ἔνοχος
énochos · G1777 · Greek · 10 occurrences
Meanings
-
guilty, liable
Pertaining to being guilty for having done wrong (primarily a legal term)
Examples1 Corinthians 11:27 Therefore whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy way, shall be guilty of the body and the blood of the Lord.
James 2:10 For whoever keeps the whole Law, yet stumbles in one point, has become guilty of all.
-
guilty and deserving, guilty and punishable by
Pertaining to being guilty and thus deserving some particular penalty
ExamplesMatthew 5:21 “You have heard that the ancients were told, ‘YOU SHALL NOT MURDER,’ and ‘Whoever commits murder shall be answerable to the court.’
Matthew 5:22 “But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother shall be answerable to the court; and whoever says to his brother, ‘You good-for-nothing,’ shall be answerable to the supreme court; and whoever says, ‘You fool,’ shall be guilty enough to go into the fiery hell.
Matthew 26:66 what do you think?” They answered, “He deserves death!”
-
controlled by, under the control of, subject to
Pertaining to being subject to the control of someone or of some institution
ExamplesHebrews 2:15 and free those who through fear of death were subject to slavery all their lives.
How it’s used In 2 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- πᾶςall, every, each 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
8 occurrences in 9 groups
- Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Controlled by, under the control of, subject to37.5
- This adjective can describe being held under the authority of a governing standard, used of Jesus' teaching that whoever murders shall be answerable to the court — "Whoever commits murder shall be answerable to the court" (Matthew 5:21).
- Guilty, liable88.312
- It more commonly describes moral or legal culpability for an offense, used of the Sanhedrin's judgment that Jesus deserved death — "what do you think?" They answered, "He deserves death!" (Matthew 26:66).
- Guilty and deserving, guilty and punishable by88.313
- It also describes being liable to a specific, named punishment, used of Jesus' warning that blasphemy against the Holy Spirit incurs guilt of an eternal sin — "whoever blasphemes against the Holy Spirit never has forgiveness, but is guilty of an eternal sin" (Mark 3:29).
Word family 51 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon ἔνοχον, equivalent to ὁ ἐνεχόμενος, one who is held in anything, so that he cannot…
b. with the genitive of the thing by the violation of which guilt is contracted, guilty of anything: τοῦ σώματος καί τοῦ αἵματος τοῦ κυρίου, guilty of a crime committed against the body and blood of the Lord, 1 Cor 11:27 (see Meyer; Winer's Grammar, 202 (190f)); πάντων, namely, ἐνταλμάτων, Jas 2:10; οἱ ἔνοχοί σου, Isa 54:17.
c. with the genitive of the crime: αἰωνίου ἁμαρτήματος (an eternal sin), Mk 3:29 L T Tr text WH; (τῶν βιαίων, Plato, legg. 11, 914 e.; κλοπῆς, Philo de Jos. § 37; ἱεροσυλίας, 2 Macc. 13:6; Aristotle, oec. 2 (p. 1349{a}, 19), and in other examples; but much more often in the classics with the dative of the crime; cf. Passow or (Liddell and Scott) under the word).
d. with the genitive of the penalty: θανάτου, Mk 14:64; Mt 26:66; Gen 26:11; αἰωνίου κρίσεως, Mk 3:29 Rec.; δεσμοῦ (others, dative), Demosthenes, p. 1229, 11.
e. with the dative of the tribunal; liable to this or that tribunal i. e. to punishment to he imposed by this or that tribunal: τῇ κρίσει, τῷ συνεδρίῳ, Mt 5:21f; ἔνοχος γραφή, to be indicted, Xenophon, mem. 1, 2, 64; cf. Bleek, Br. an d. Hebrew ii. 1, p. 340f; (Winers Grammar, 210 (198)).
f. by a use unknown to Greek writers it is connected with εἰς and the accusative of the place where the punishment is to be suffered: εἰς τήν γηνναν τοῦ πυρός, a pregnant construction (Winers Grammar, 213 (200); 621 (577)) (but cf. Buttmann, 170 (148) (who regards it as a vivid circumlocution for the dative; cf. Green, Critical Notes (at the passage) 'liable as far' in respect of penal consequence 'as the fiery G.')) viz. to go away or be cast into etc. Mt 5:22.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
New American Standard Bible Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995, 2020 by The Lockman Foundation, La Habra, Calif. All rights reserved. For Permission to Quote Information visit http://www.lockman.org.