ἐκ

before a vowel ἐξ, a preposition governing the genitive. Also, it denotes exit or emission out of, as separation from, something with which there has been close connection; opposed to the prepositions εἰς into and ἐν in: from out of, out from, forth from, from, (Latine, ex) (cf. Winers Grammar, 364, 366f (343f); Buttmann, 326f (281)). It is used
I. of place, and
1. universally, of the place from which; from a surrounding or enclosing place, from the interior of: ἄρτος, ἄγγελος, φῶς ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, Jn 6:31; Acts 9:3 (here R G ἀπό); Gal 1:8; ἀνατολή, δύναμις ἐξ ὕψους, Lk 1:78; Lk 24:49; especially after verbs of going, fleeing, leading, calling, freeing, removing, releasing, etc.: ἥκειν ἐκ τῆς Ἰουδαίας εἰς τήν Γαλιλαίαν, Jn 4:47; ἐξέρχεσθαι ἐκ τίνος out of the body of one (spoken of demons), Mk 1:25; Mk 5:8 (here L marginal reading ἀπό); ; of power emanating from the body, Mk 5:30 (cf. Buttmann, 301 (258); Winer's Grammar, 346 (324); Meyer edition Weiss at the passage); ἐκ τῶν μνημείων, Mt 8:28; Mt 27:53; ἐκπορεύεσθαι, Mt 15:11, Mt 15:18f; καταβαίνειν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, Mt 28:2; Jn 1:32; Jn 3:13; Jn 6:33; ἐξάγειν, Acts 12:17; φεύγειν, Acts 27:30; καλεῖν, Mt 2:15; metaphorically, ἐκ τοῦ σκότους εἰς τό φῶς, 1 Pet 2:9; ἐκβάλλειν τό κάρφος ἐκ τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ, (Mt 7:4 (R G ἀπό)), 5; Lk 6:42 (opposed to ἐν τῷ ὀφθαλμῷ); τί ἐκ τοῦ θησαυροῦ, Mt 12:35 (but see under II. 9 below); ; τό δαιμόνιον ἐκ τίνος, out of the body of one, Mk 7:26; ἀποκυλίειν τόν λίθον ἐκ (L Tr text ἀπό; cf. Winer's Grammar, 364 (342) note) τῆς θύρας, Mk 16:3; αἴρειν, Jn 20:1f; κινέω, Rev 6:14; σῴζειν ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου, Jude 1:5; διασώζειν ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης, Acts 28:4. Metaph, ἐκ τῆς χειρός τίνος, out of the power of one (cf. Buttmann, 182 (158)): after ἐξέρχεσθαι, Jn 10:39; after ἀπάγειν, Acts 24:7 (Rec.); after ἁρπάζειν, Jn 10:28f; after ἐξαιρεῖσθαί, Acts 12:11; after ῤύεσθαι, Lk 1:74; after σωτηρία, Lk 1:71. after πίνειν, of the thing out of which one drinks (differently in II. 9 below): ἐκ τοῦ ποτηρίου, Mt 26:27; Mk 14:23; 1 Cor 11:28; ἐκ πέτρας, 1 Cor 10:4; ἐκ τοῦ φρέατος, Jn 4:12; after ἐσθίειν, of the place whence the food is derived, ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ, 1 Cor 9:13 (but T Tr WH read τά ἐκ κτλ.). of the place forth from which one does something: διδάσκειν ἐκ τοῦ πλοίου, Lk 5:3 (here Tdf. ἐν etc.). It is joined also to nouns designating not a place, but what is done in a place: ἐγείρεσθαι ἐκ τοῦ δείπνου, Jn 13:4; ἀναλύειν ἐκ τῶν γάμων, Lk 12:36.
2. from the midst (of a group, number, company, community) of many;
a. after verbs of going, leading, choosing, removing, etc.
a. before collective nouns, as ἐξολεθρεύω ἐκ τοῦ λαοῦ, Acts 3:23; προβιβάζω or συμβιβάζω ἐκ τοῦ ὄχλου, Acts 19:33; ἐκλέγειν ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου, Jn 15:19. μέσου τινων ἀφορίζειν, Mt 13:49; ἐξέρχεσθαι, Acts 17:33; ἁρπάζειν, Acts 23:10; ἐξαίρειν, 1 Cor 5:13; πάσης φυλῆς καί γλώσσης ἀγοράζειν, Rev 5:9; ἐκ παντός γένους συνάγειν, Mt 13:47. β. before plurals: ἀνισταναι τινα ἐκ τινων, Acts 3:22; ἐκ νεκρῶν, Acts 17:31; ἀνίσταται τίς ἐκ νεκρῶν, Acts 10:41; Acts 17:3; ἐγείρειν τινα ἐκ νεκρῶν, Jn 12:1, Jn 12:9, Jn 12:17; Acts 3:15; Acts 4:10; Acts 13:30; Heb 11:19, etc.; ἡ ἀνάστασις ἐκ νεκρῶν, Lk 20:35; 1 Pet 1:3; ἀνάγειν τινα ἐκ νεκρῶν, Rom 10:7; ἐκλέγειν, Acts 1:24; Acts 15:22; καλεῖν, Rom 9:24; ἐγένετο ζήτησις ἐκ τῶν etc. Jn 3:25 (but cf. II. 1 b.; Winers Grammar, 368 (345)).
b. before words signifying quantity: after εἰς, as Mt 10:29; Mt 26:21; Lk 17:15, and often; πολλοί, Jn 11:19, Jn 11:45, etc.; οἱ πλείους (πλείονες), 1 Cor 15:6; οὐδείς, Jn 7:19; Jn 16:5, and elsewhere; χιλιάδες ἐκ πάσης φυλῆς, Rev 7:4; after the indefinite τίς, Lk 11:15; Lk 12:13; Jn 6:64; Jn 7:48; τίς γυνή ἐκ τοῦ ὄχλου, Lk 11:27; with τινες to be added mentally (cf. Winers Grammar, 203 (191); Buttmann, 158 (138)): Jn 9:40 ((?) better, ); ; Rev 11:9, (1 Esdr. 5:45 (44)); τινας: Mt 23:34; Lk 11:49; Lk 21:16; 2 Jn 1:4; Rev 2:10; cf. Fritzsche, Conjectanea in N. T., p. 36 note; after the intertog. τίς, who? Mt 6:27; Lk 11:5, etc.; τίς πατήρ, Lk 11:11 (L T Tr WH); preceded by a generic noun: ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τῶν etc. Jn 3:1.
c. εἶναι ἐκ τινων, to be of the number, company, fellowship, etc., of; see εἰμί, V. 3 a.
3. from a local surfacc, as sometimes the Latinex forde; down from: καταβαίνειν ἐκ τοῦ ὄρους (Homer II. 13, 17; Xenophon, an. 7, 4, 12; the Sept. Ex 19:14; Ex 32:1; Deut 9:15; Deut 10:5; Josh 2:23), Mt 17:9 (for the more common ἀπό τοῦ ὄρους of Rec. and the parallel passage Mk 9:9 (here L WH text Tr marginal reading ἐκ); Lk 9:37; (cf. Mt 8:1)); θρίξ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἀπόλλυται (unless we prefer to regard ἐκ as prompted here by the conception of the hair as fixed in the skin), Lk 21:18; Acts 27:34 (here L T Tr WH ἀπό; cf. Winer's Grammar, 364 (342) note); ἐκπίπτειν ἐκ τῶν χειρῶν, of the chains with which the hands had been bound, Acts 12:7; κρέμασθαι ἐκ τίνος, Acts 28:4, (1 Macc. 1:61; 2 Macc. 6:10; so the Greeks from Homer down); φαγεῖν ἐκ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου, the things laid upon the altar, Heb 13:10. Akin to this is ἐξελθεῖν ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ, from an abode with God (for the more usual ἀπό τοῦ Θεοῦ), Jn 8:42.
4. of the direction whence; ἐκ δεξιῶν, Latina dextra, literally, from i. e. (German zu) on the right, see δεξιός; so ἐκ δεξιᾶς, ἐξ ἀριστερᾶς, namely, χώρας (or χειρός which is sometimes expressed; Winers Grammar, 592 cf. 591; Buttmann, 82 (72)) (also in Greek writ, as Xenophon, Cyril 8, 5, 15); ἐξ ἐναντίας, over against, Mk 15:39 (Herodotus 8, 6; Sir. 37:9; 1 Macc. 4:34; Wis. 4:20); metaphorically (Winer's Grammar, § 51, 1 d.) ὁ ἐξ ἐναντίας (A. V. he that is of the contrary part), our opponent, adversary," Tit 2:8; ἐκ ῤιζῶν, from the roots, i. e. utterly, Mk 11:20 (Job 28:9; Job 31:12).
5. of the conditon or state out of which one comes or is brought: σῴζειν ἐκ θανάτου Heb 5:7; Jas 5:20; ἔρχεσθαι ἐκ (Lachmann ἀπό) θλίψεως, Rev 7:14; μεταβαίνειν ἐκ τοῦ θανάτου εἰς τήν ζωήν, Jn 5:24; 1 Jn 3:14; ἐγερθῆναι ἐξ ὕπνου, Rom 13:11 (cf. Winer's Grammar, 366 (344) note); ζῶντες ἐκ νεκρῶν, alive from being dead (i. e. who had been dead and were alive again), Rom 6:13; ζωή ἐκ νεκρῶν, i. e. of those that had been νεκροί, Rom 11:15 (ἐλεύθερος ἐκ δούλου καί πλούσιος ἐκ πτωχοῦ γεγονώς, Demosthenes, p. 270 at the end ἐκ πλουσίου πένητα γενέσθαι καί ἐκ βασιλέως ἰδιωτην φανῆναι, Xenophon, an. 7, 7, 28; γίγνομαι τυφλός ἐκ dedorkotos, Sophocles O. T. 454; ἔλαφον ἐξ ἀνδρός γενέσθαι, Palaeph. 3, 2; add, Lysias, adv. Ergocl. at the beginning; Tacitus, ann. 1, 74ex pauperibus divites, ex contemtis metuendi). Also of the state out of the midst of which one does something: ἐκ πολλῆς θλψεως γράφειν, 2 Cor 2:4.
6. of any kind of separation or dissolution of connection with a thing or person (cf. Buttmann, 157 (138)): ἀναπαύεσθαι ἐκ (released from) τῶν κόπων, Rev 14:13; ἀνανήφειν ἐκ (set free from) τῆς τοῦ διαβόλου παγίδος, 2 Tim 2:26; μετανοῶν ἐκ etc. Rev 2:21; Rev 9:20; Rev 16:11;ἐπιστρέφειν (L T Tr WH ὑψτρέφειν) ἐκ ((L ἀπό), by severing their connection with) τῆς ἐντολῆς, 2 Pet 2:21; τηρεῖν τινα ἐκ etc. to keep one at a distance from etc. (cf. Buttmann, 327 (281)), Jn 17:15; Rev 3:10; also διατήρειν, Acts 15:29 νικαν ἐκ τίνος, by conquest to free oneself from the power of one (cf. Buttmann, 147 (128); Winer's Grammar, 367 (344)), Rev 15:2; ὑψουσθαι ἐκ τῆς γῆς, to be so lifted up as to dissolve present relations to the earth (`taken out of the sphere of earthly action' Westcott), Jn 12:32; ἐλεύθερος ἐκ πάντων (elsewhere always ἀπό τίνος), 1 Cor 9:19.
7. Hebraistically: ἐκδίκειν τό αἷμα τίνος ἐκ χειρός τίνος (מִיָּד דָּם נִקַּם, 2 Kgs 9:7), to avenge the blood (murder) of one at the hand of (on) the slayer, Rev 19:2 (Buttmann, 182 (158)); κρίνειν τό κρίμα τίνος ἐκ τίνος, to judge one's judgment on one, vindicate by vengeance on (cf. Buttmann, as above), Rev 18:20 (cf. the Sept. Psalm 118:84.
II. of the origin, source, cause;
1. of generation, birth, race, lineage, nativity;
a. after verbs of begetting, being born, etc.: ἐν γαστρί ἔχειν ἐκ τίνος, Mt 1:18, cf. Mt 1:20; κοίτην ἔχειν ἐκ τ., Rom 9:10; γενναν τινα ἐκ with the genitive of the woman, Mt 1:3, Mt 1:5f, 16; γίνεσθαι ἐκ γυναικός to be born of a woman, Gal 4:4 cf. Gal 4:22f; γέννασθαι ἐξ αἱμάτων, ἐκ θελήματος σαρκός, Jn 1:13; ἐκ τῆς σαρκός, Jn 3:6; ἐκ πορνείας, Jn 8:41; ἐγείρειν τίνι τέκνα ἐκ, Mt 3:9; Lk 3:8; (τίς) ἐκ καρποῦ τῆς ὀσφύος αὐτοῦ, Acts 2:30 (Psalm 131:11); ἡ ἐκ φύσεως ἀκροβυστία, Rom 2:27. In a supernatural sense: τό πνεῦμα τό ἐκ Θεοῦ SC. ὄν, from the divine nature (cf. Winer's Grammar, 193 (182)), 1 Cor 2:12 cf. Rev 2:11; men are said γέννασθαι ἐκ πνεύματος, Jn 3:5f, 8; γεγεννήμενοι εἶναι ἐκ Θεοῦ (see γεννάω 2 d.), and to the same purport εἶναι ἐκ Θεοῦ, 1 Jn 4:4, 1 Jn 4:6; 1 Jn 5:19 (see εἰμί, V. 3 d. (and cf. 7 below)).
b. εἶναι, γενέσθαι, ἔρχεσθαι, etc., ἐκ with the name of the city, race, people, tribe, family, etc., to spring or originate from, come from: ἐκ Ναζαρέτ εἶναι, Jn 1:46 (47); ἐκ πόλεως, Jn 1:44 (45); ἐξ ὧν, namely, πατέρων (?), Rom 9:5; ἐξ οἴκου τίνος, Lk 1:27; Lk 2:4; ἐκ γένους, Phm 3:5; Acts 4:6; Ἑβραῖος ἐξ Ἑβραίων, Phm 3:5; ἐκ φυλῆς, Lk 2:36; Acts 13:21; Rom 11:1; ἐξ Ιουδα, Heb 7:14; ἐκ σπέρματος τίνος, Jn 7:42; Rom 1:3; Rom 11:1; without a verb: ἐξ ἐθνῶν ἁμαρτωλοί, sinners of Gentile birth, Gal 2:15; of the country to which anyone belongs: εἶναι ἐκ τῆς ἐξουσίας Ἡρῴδου, Lk 23:7; ἐξ ἐπαρχίας, Acts 23:34; ὁ ὤν ἐκ τῆς γῆς, Jn 3:31.
2. of any other kind of origin: καπνός ἐκ τῆς δόξης τοῦ Θεοῦ, Rev 15:8; ἐκ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐστι, comes from the Jews, Jn 4:22; εἶναι ἐκ τίνος, to proceed from anyone as the author, Mt 5:37; Jn 7:17, Jn 7:22; Rom 2:29; 2 Cor 4:7; 1 Jn 2:16, 1 Jn 2:21, etc.; with ἐστιν to be mentally supplied: Rom 11:36; 1 Cor 8:6 (see εἰς, B. II. 3 c. a.) 1 Cor 11:12; 2 Cor 3:5; 2 Cor 5:18; Gal 5:8; ἔργα ἐκ τοῦ πατρός μου, works of which my father is the author, i. e. which I, endued with my father's power, have wrought, Jn 10:32; οἰκοδομή ἐκ Θεοῦ, whose author is God, 2 Cor 5:1; χάρισμα, 1 Cor 7:7; δεδομένον ἐκ τοῦ πατρός, Jn 6:65; add, Jn 18:3; 1 Cor 7:7. ἡ ἐκ Θεοῦ δικαιοσύνη, that comes from God, i. e. is adjudged by him, Phm 3:9; ἡ ἐξ ὑμῶν ἐν ἡμῖν (WH text ἡμῖν ἐν ὑμῖν ἀγάπη, love preceding from you and taking up its abode in us, i. e. your love the influence of which we feel (Winers Grammar, 193 (181f); Buttmann, 157 (137)), 2 Cor 8:7; ὁ ἐξ ὑμῶν ζῆλος, your zeal, 2 Cor 9:2 (R G; cf. Winers Grammar, as above note; Buttmann, as above); βλασφημία ἐκ τίνος, calumny from, i. e. disseminated by, Rev 2:9 (not Rec.); εἶναι ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, ἐξ ἀνθρώπων see εἰμί, V. 3 c.; with the suggested idea of a nature and disposition derived from one's origin: οὐκ ἐστιν ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, is not of earthly origin nor of earthly nature, Jn 18:36; ἐκ τῆς γῆς ἐστιν, is of an earthly nature, Jn 3:31; ἐκ τῆς γῆς λαλεῖν, to speak as an earthly origin prompts, ibid.; human virtues are said to be from God, as having their prototype in God and being wrought in the soul by his power, ἡ ἀγάπη ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν, 1 Jn 4:7.
3. of the material out of which a thing is made, etc.: ἡ γυνή ἐκ τοῦ ἀνδρός, from one of his ribs, 1 Cor 11:12; στέφανον ἐξ ἀκανθῶν, Mt 27:29; Jn 19:2; add, Jn 2:15; Jn 9:6; Rom 9:21; 1 Cor 15:47; Rev 18:12; Rev 21:21.
4. Its use to note the price is related, because the money is as it were, changed into that which is bought (the simple genitive of price is more common, cf. Winers Grammar, 206 (194); (Buttmann, § 132, 13)): ἀγοράζειν τί ἐκ τίνος, Mt 27:7 (Baruch 6 (i. e., epistle of Jeremiah); Mt 27:24); κτᾶσθαι ἐκ, Acts 1:18 (ὠνεῖσθαι ἐκ, Palaeph. 46, 3f); συμφώνειν ἐκ δηναρίου (because the agreement comes from the promised denary (cf. Winers Grammar, 368 (345); Buttmann, as above)), Mt 20:2. Cognate to this is the phrase ποιεῖν ἑαυτῷ φίλους ἐκ τοῦ μαμωνᾷ Lk 16:9.
5. especially after neuter and passive verbs, ἐκ is used of the cause (whether thing or person) by which the act expressed by the accompanying verb is aided, sustained, effected: ὠφελεῖσθαι ἐκ τίνος, Mt 15:5; Mk 7:11; ζημιουσθαι, 2 Cor 7:9; λυπεῖσθαι, 2 Cor 2:2; especially in the Apocalypse: ἀδικεῖσθαι, Rev 2:11; ἀποθανεῖν, Rev 8:11; (ἀποκτείνεσθαι), Rev 9:18; φωτίζεσθαι, Rev 18:1; σκοτίζεσθαι (L T WH σκοτουσθαι), Rev 9:2; πυροῦσθαι, Rev 3:18; γεμίζεσθαι Rev 15:8 (cf. Isa 6:4); Jn 6:13; γέμειν, Mt 23:25 (where L omits; Tr brackets ἐξ); πληροῦσθαι, Jn 12:3 (Treg. margin ἐπλήσθη); χορτάζεσθαι, Rev 19:21; πλουτεῖν, Rev 18:3, Rev 18:19; μεθύσκεσθαι, μεθύειν Rev 17:2, Rev 17:6 (not Treg. margin); ζῆν ἐκ, Rom 1:17; 1 Cor 9:14; Gal 3:11; αὔξησιν ποιεῖσθαι, Eph 4:16; Col 2:19; τελειουσθαι, Jas 2:22; κεκοπιακώς, Jn 4:6 (Aelian v. h. 3, 23 ἐκ τοῦ πότου ἐκάθευδεν). Also after active verbs: γεμίζειν, Jn 6:13; Rev 8:5; ποτίζειν, Rev 14:8; (on ἐκ with the genitive after verbs of fullness, cf. Buttmann, 163 (142f); Winer's Grammar, 201 (189)).
6. of that on which a thing depends, or from which it results: οὐκ ἐστιν ἡ ζωή ἐκ τῶν ὑπαρχόντων, does not depend upon possessions, i. e. possessions cannot secure life, Lk 12:15; εὐπορία ἡμῶν ἐστι ἐκ τῆς ἐργασίας ταύτης, Acts 19:25; τό ἐξ ὑμῶν, as far as depends on you, Rom 12:18; in the Pauline phrases δίκαιος, δικαιοσύνη, δικαιοῦν ἐκ πίστεως, ἐξ ἔργων, see (the several words, especially), p. 150; ἐξ (as the result of, in consequence of) ἔργων λαβεῖν τό πνεῦμα, Gal 3:2, Gal 3:5; ἐξ ἀναστάσεως λαβεῖν τούς νεκρούς, Heb 11:35; ἐσταυρώθη ἐξ ἀσθενείας, 2 Cor 13:4; add, Rom 11:6; Gal 3:18, Gal 3:21; Eph 2:8f.
7. of the power on which anyone depends, by which he is prompted and governed, whose character he reflects: ἐκ Θεοῦ (equivalent to θεοπνευστον) λαλεῖν, 2 Cor 2:17; in the Johannine expressions, εἶναι ἐκ Θεοῦ, Jn 8:47 (in a different sense above, II. 1 a.); ἐκ τοῦ διαβόλου, ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ, ἐκ τοῦ κόσμου, see εἰμί, V. 3 d.; ἐκ τῆς ἀληθείας εἶναι, to be led by a desire to know the truth, be a lover of the truth, Jn 18:37; 1 Jn 3:19; οἱ ἐκ νόμου, the subjects of the law, Rom 4:14; οἱ ἐξ ἐριθείας equivalent to οἱ ἐριθευόμενοι (cf. ἐριθεία), Rom 2:8; ὁ ἐκ πίστεως equivalent to ὁ πιστεύων, Rom 3:26; Rom 4:16. εἶναι ἐκ τίνος also means to be bound to one, connected with him; to have relations with him; see εἰμί, V. 3 d.; hence, the periphrasis οἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς, the circumcised: Acts 11:2; Rom 4:12; Gal 2:12; οἱ ὄντες ἐκ περιτομῆς, Col 4:11; οἱ ἐκ περιτομῆς πιστοί, Jewish Christians, Acts 10:45.
8. of the cause for which: ἐκ τοῦ πόνου, for pain, Rev 16:10; of the reason for (because of) which: Rev 8:13; Rev 16:11; ἐκ τούτου, Jn 6:66; Jn 19:12; cf. Meyer on these passages (who urges that ἐκ τούτου used of time denotes the point of departure of a temporal series (Winers Grammar, 367 (344)): from this time on, thenceforth. This argument seems not to be decisive in the second example (Jn 19:12), for there the verb is in the imperfect. On the use of the phrase in classic Greek see Liddell and Scott, under the word ἐκ, II. 1; Krüger, § 68, 17, 7. Cf. our English upon this, hereupon, in which the temporal sense and the causal often seem to blend. See below, IV. 1 at the end).
9. of the supply out of (from) which a thing is taken, given, received, eaten, drunk, etc. (cf. Winers Grammar, § 30, 7 and 8; Buttmann, 159ff (139ff)): λαμβάνειν ἐκ, Jn 1:16; Jn 16:14f; διδόναι, διαδιδοναι, Mt 25:8; Jn 6:11; 1 Jn 4:13; ἐσθίειν, 1 Cor 9:7; 1 Cor 11:28; φαγεῖν, Jn 6:26, Jn 6:50; Rev 2:7; μετέχειν, 1 Cor 10:17 (but see μετέχω); πίνειν, Mt 26:29; Mk 14:25; Jn 4:13; Rev 14:10; Rev 18:3 (differently in I. 1 above); λαλεῖν ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων, Jn 8:44; ἐκ τοῦ περισσεύματος τῆς καρδίας, Mt 12:34; ἐκβάλλειν, Mt 12:35 (this belongs here only in case θησαυρός is taken in the sense of treasure not treasury (the contents as distinguished from the repository); cf. I. 1 above, and under the word θησαυρός); βάλλειν ἐκ (a part), Mk 12:44; Lk 21:4.
10. of that from which anything is obtained: συλλέγειν ἐξ ἀκανθῶν, τρυγᾶν ἐκ βάτου, Lk 6:44; θερίζειν ἐκ, Gal 6:8.
11. of the whole of which anything is a part: 1 Cor 12:15f (cf. Winer's Grammar, 368 (345)).
12. of the source;
a. universally: ἐξ ἐμαυτοῦ οὐκ ἐλάλησα, Jn 12:49 (οὐδέν ἐκ σαυτης λέγεις, Sophocles El. 344).
b. of the source of conduct, as to be found in the state of the soul, its feelings, virtues, vices, etc.: ἐκ καρδίας, Rom 6:17; ἐκ ψυχῆς, Eph 6:6; Col 3:23 (1 Macc. 8:27; ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀσπάζεσθαι, Xenophon, oec. 10, 4); ἐκ καθαρᾶς καρδίας, 1 Tim 1:5; 2 Tim 2:22; 1 Pet 1:22 (L T Tr WH omit; καθαρᾶς); ἐξ ὅλης τῆς καρδίας... ψυχῆς... διανοίας κτλ. Mk 12:30ff (Wis. 8:21; 4 Macc. 7:18); ἐκ πίστεως, Rom 14:23; ἐξ εἰλικρινείας, 2 Cor 2:17; ἐξ ἐριθείας, Phm 1:16 (17) (yet see ἐριθεία).
c. of the source of knowledge: κατηχεῖσθαι ἐκ, Rom 2:18; ἀκούειν ἐκ, Jn 12:34; γινώσκειν, Mt 12:33; Lk 6:44; 1 Jn 4:6; ἐποπτεύειν, 1 Pet 2:12. δεικνύναι, Jas 2:18; ὁρίζειν, to declare, prove to be, Rom 1:4 (cf. under the word ὁίρζω, 2 and Meyer at the passage).
13. of that from which a rule of judging or acting is derived; after, according to (cf. Winer's Grammar, 368 (345)): κρίνειν ἐκ, Lk 19:22 (A. V. out of thine own mouth, etc.); Rev 20:12 (Xenophon, Cyril 2, 2, 21 ἐκ τῶν ἔργων κρίνεσθαι); δικαιοῦν, καταδικάζειν, Mt 12:37; ὀνομάζειν ἐκ, Eph 3:15 (Homer, Iliad 10, 68; Sophocles O. T. 1036, etc.); ἐκ τοῦ ἔχειν, according to your ability, 2 Cor 8:11.
III. By Attraction, common in classic Greek (cf. Winers Grammar, § 66, 6; (Buttmann, 377f (323))), two prepositions coalesce as it were into one, so that ἐκ seems to be used for ἐν, thus ἆραι τά ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας αὐτοῦ concisely for τά ἐν τῇ οἰκία αὐτοῦ ἐξ αὐτῆς, Mt 24:17; ὁ πατήρ ὁ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ δώσει for ὁ πατήρ ὁ ἐν οὐρανῷ δώσει ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, Lk 11:13; τήν ἐκ Λαοδικείας ἀπιστολην for τήν εἰς Λαοδικείας γεγραμμένην καί ἐκ Λαοδικείας κομιστεαν, Col 4:16 (2 Macc. 3:18). (To this construction some would refer ἐπιγνούς ἐν ἑαυτῷ τήν ἐξ αὐτοῦ δύναμιν ἐξελθοῦσαν, Mk 5:30, resolving τήν ἐν αὐτῷ δύναμιν ἐξελθοῦσαν ἐξ αὐτοῦ; cf. Field, Otium Norvicense, pars 3 at the passage)
IV. of Time (Winer's Grammar, 367 (344));
1. of the (temporal) point from which; Latinex,indea; from, from... on, since: ἐκ χρόνων ἱκανῶν, Lk 8:27 (R G Tr marginal reading); ἐκ γενετῆς, Jn 9:1 (Homer, Iliad 24, 535; Odyssey 18, 6); ἐκ κοιλίας μητρός (see κολια, 4); ἐκ νεότητός, Mt 19:20 (R G); Mk 10:20; Lk 18:21; Acts 26:4 (Homer, Iliad 14, 86); ἐκ τοῦ αἰῶνος (see αἰών, 1 b.), Jn 9:32 (Aelian v. h. 6, 13; 12, 64 ἐξ αἰῶνος); ἐξ ἀρχῆς, Jn 6:64; Jn 16:4; ἐκ γενεῶν ἀρχαίων, Acts 15:21; ἐξ ἐτῶν ὀκτώ, Acts 9:33; ἐκ πολλῶν ἐτῶν, Acts 24:10; ἐξ αὐτῆς (namely, ὥρας), forthwith, instantly (see ἐξαυτῆς); ἐξ ἱκανοῦ ((namely, χρόνου); but L T Tr WH here ἐξ ἱκανῶν χρόνων), of a long time, Lk 23:8 (ἐκ πολλοῦ, Thucydides 1, 68; 2, 88); with an adverb: ἐκ παιδιόθεν, Mk 9:21 L T Tr WH (ἐκ πρωίθεν, 1 Macc. 10:80), cf. Winers Grammar, § 65, 2; (Buttmann, 70 (62)). Many interpreters translate ἐκ τούτου, Jn 6:66; Jn 19:12, from this time, but cf. II. 8 above.
2. of succession in time, a temporal series: ἐκ δευτέρου (as it were, proceeding from, beginning from the second), a second time (see δεύτερος); ἐκ τρίτου, Mt 26:44 (L Tr marginal reading brackets ἐκ τρίτου); ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας (diemexdie, Cicero, ad Att. 7, 26; Caesar b. g. 1, 16, 4;diemdedie, Livy 5, 48) from day to day, day after day, 2 Pet 2:8 (Gen 39:10; Num 30:15; (2 Chr 24:11); Sir. 5:7; Euripides, Rhes. 437 (445) etc.; ἔτος ἐξ ἔτους, Lev 25:50; ἐνιαυτόν ἐξ ἐνιαυτοῦ, Deut 15:20).
V. Adverbial phrases (cf. Winer's Grammar, § 51, 1d.), in which lies the idea
1. of direction whence: ἐξ ἐναντίας, cf. I. 4 above.
2. of source: ἐκ συμφώνου, by consent, by agreement, 1 Cor 7:5; ἐξ ἀνάγκης of necessity, i. e. by compulsion, 2 Cor 9:7; necessarily, Heb 7:12.
3. of the measure or standard: ἐκ μέρους, so that each is a part of the whole, proportionately (R. V. marginal reading each in his part), 1 Cor 12:27, cf. Meyer at the passage; in part, partly, 1 Cor 13:9ff; ἐκ μέτρου equivalent to μετρίως, by measure, moderately, sparingly, Jn 3:34; ἐξ ἰσότητος, by equality, in equal proportion, 2 Cor 8:13 (14) (ἐξ ἴσου, Herodotus 7, 135); ἐκ περισσοῦ, beyond measure, Mk 6:51 (WH omit; Tr. brackets).
VI. In Composition ἐκ denotes
1. egress ἐκβαίνω, ἐξέρχομαι.
2. emission, removal, separation: ἐκβάλλω, ἐκπέμπω, ἐξαιρέω.
3. origin: ἔκγονος.
4. publicity: ἐξαγγέλλω.
5. the unfolding, opening out, of something tied together or rolled up: ἐκτείνω, ἐκπετάννυμι.
6. is equivalent to utterly, entirely, παντελῶς (cf. English out and out), denoting completion and perfection: ἐκπληρόω, ἐκτελέω. Cf. Fritzsche on Matthew, p. 120f.
G1537 — ἐξ
, see ἐκ.