שָׁנֶה
shâneh · H8141 · Hebrew · 876 occurrences
Meanings
-
year
The time period representing a full cycle of seasons, calculated as a sequence of twelve months, though adjusted on a regular basis by adding a thirteenth month
ExamplesGenesis 1:14 Then God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night, and they shall serve as signs and for seasons, and for days and years;
Genesis 5:3 When Adam had lived 130 years, he fathered a son in his own likeness, according to his image, and named him Seth.
Genesis 5:4 Then the days of Adam after he fathered Seth were eight hundred years, and he fathered other sons and daughters.
How it’s used In 9 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
117 occurrences in 33 groups
- שָׁנֶהyear 21
- הוּhis 21
- חַיalive, living 14
- יוֹבֵלjubilee, ram's horn 10
- רָעָבfamine, hunger 5
- דּוֹרgeneration 4
- Other words · 22 groups that occur once or twice (28) 28
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
616 occurrences in 50 groups
- עֶשְׂרִיםtwenty 82
- שֶׁבַעseven 60
- שָׁלוֹשׁthree 47
- אַרְבָּעִיםforty 45
- שְׁלוֹשִׁיםthirty 45
- שְׁנַיִםtwo 33
- Other words · 20 groups that occur once or twice (25) 25
Named alongside itApposition
21 occurrences in 8 groups
- שָׁנֶהyear 8
- יוֹםday, time 6
- זֶהthis 2
- הוּאhe, she, it 1
- מָהwhat?, why? 1
- מִסְפָּרnumber 1
What it doesIt is the subject
24 occurrences in 14 groups
- תָּמַםto be finished, to come to an end, to perish 4
- בּוֹאto come, to go in, to bring 4
- מָלֵאto be full, to fill 3
- Other words · 11 groups that occur once or twice (13) 13
What is done to itIt is the object
49 occurrences in 12 groups
- הָיָהto be, to become 34
- יָסַףto add 5
- Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10
What it is said to bePredicate
11 occurrences in 7 groups
- דּוֹרgeneration 3
- שָׁנֶהyear 3
- יוֹםday, time 2
- אֵלֶּהthese 1
- עוֹדstill, again, yet 1
- רִיבdispute, cause, strife 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
24 occurrences in 6 groups
- הוּאhe, she, it 8
- יוֹםday, time 7
- הֵנָּהthey 3
- שָׁנֶהyear 3
- מוֹשָׁבdwelling, seat 2
- רָעָבfamine, hunger 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
245 occurrences in 7 groups
- בin/on/with 333
- עַדto, as far as, until 27
- לto/for 18
- כlike/as 7
- מִןfrom 5
- עַלon, upon, over, against 3
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
271 occurrences in 23 groups
- בֵּןson 180
- שָׁנֶהyear 21
- קֵץend, final 15
- יוֹםday, time 9
- מִסְפָּרnumber 6
- תְּשׁוּבָהreturn, turn of the year, answer 5
- Other words · 13 groups that occur once or twice (21) 21
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 2 words
- ἔτος étos · G2094 · year, a very long time
- Greek ἔτος (étos, G2094) is the direct and standard translation equivalent of Hebrew שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) for the core sense "year" across both calendrical and idiomatic usage.
- ἐνιαυτός eniautós · G1763 · one-year period, one year, age
- ἐνιαυτός (eniautós, G1763) ἐνιαυτός is the standard Greek rendering for שָׁנֶה (shâneh, H8141) שָׁנֶה in temporal contexts denoting a year as a unit of time; both terms function as the primary lexical equivalents for annual duration in their respective languages.
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Time002002002010
- This noun denotes a year as a unit of time, as in Genesis 5:4's report that Adam lived eight hundred years after fathering Seth.
Word family 9 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H8141. shanah שָׁנָה877 noun feminine (on apparent exception see AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 46)…
שָׁנָה877 noun feminine (on apparent exception see AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 46) year (etymology see √); — absolute ׳שׁ Amo 2:10 +; construct שְׁנַת Gen 41:50 +; suffix שְׁנָתוֺ Eze 46:13 +, שְׁנָתָהּ Lev 14:10 Lev 14:2t.; dual שְׁנָתַיִם Amo 1:1 +, תָ֑יִם- 1Ki 15:25 +; plural שָׁנִים Exo 21:2 +, construct שְׁנֵי Gen 23:1 24t., שְׁנוֺת Deu 32:7-8t. (in poetry and late); suffix שְׁנָיו Lev 25:52 Lev 25:4t. suffix; שְׁנוֺתַי Isa 38:15; Psa 31:11, שְׁנוֺתָם Psa 78:33 Psa 78:8t. suffix; — year, as division of time, Exo 23:14, Exo 23:17 Exo 23:3t. בַּשָּׁנָה +, etc.; הַשּׁ ׳רֵשִׁית Deu 11:12, opposed to הַשּׁ ׳אַחֲרִית Deu 11:12, הַשּׁ ׳צֵאת Exo 23:16, הַשּׁ ׳תְּקוּפַת Exo 34:22; 2Ch 24:23, הַשּׁ ׳תְּשׁוּבַת 2Sa 11:1 +, etc.; שָׁנָה בָּא 2Ki 13:20, read ᵐ5 שׁ ׳כְּבֹא Bur, שׁ ׳בארץ ׳בְשׁ Kit, compare ׳שׁ ׳בְשׁ = year by year 1Sa 1:7 +; בַּשָּׁנָה Benz, compare Neh 10:33; so ׳שׁ ׳שׁ Deu 14:22, ׳שׁ שׁ ׳אַחֲרֵי 2Sa 21:1, ׳בְּכָלשֿׁ ׳וְשׁ Est 9:21, Est 9:27; especially of duration of life; פ חַיֵּי שְׁנֵי ׳(יְמֵי) Gen 23:1; Gen 25:7 + (P); שְׁנֵיהֶם Job 36:11 +, שְׁנוֺתַי Psa 31:11 (|| חַיַּי), etc.; of God Job 10:5; Psa 102:25; Psa 102:28; in phrase of age, see בֵּן
9, בַּת
9; indefinite שָׁנִים Eze 38:17 = for years, שׁ ׳לְקֵץ Dan 11:6; שָׁנִים זֶה אוֺ זֶהיָֿמִים 1Sa 29:3; specifically הַמֶּלֶח מוֺת בִּשְׁנַת Isa 6:1; Isa 14:28, תַּרְתָּן בֹּא בִּשְׁנַת Isa 20:1, הַשְּׁמִטָּה שְׁנַת Deu 15:9; Deu 31:10, הַיּוֺבֵל שְׁנַת Lev 25:13 +, etc.; שָׂכִיר שְׁנֵי Isa 16:14; Isa 21:16 (see שָׂכִיר); מְּקֻדָּתָם שְׁנַת Jer 11:23 Jer 11:2t.; ׳שׁ לְי ׳רָצוֺן Isa 61:2, etc.; דֹּרוָֿדֹר שְׁנוֺת Deu 32:7, compare Joe 2:2; most often with cardinal numbers: plural after units, apposition, Exo 21:2 +, so also שְׁנִים שְׁתַּיִם 2Sa 2:10 +, but dual שְׁנָתַיִם Amo 1:1 Amo 1:4t., יָמִים שְׁנָתַיִם Gen 41:1 Gen 41:4t.; very rarely with number (certainly) construct שָׁנִים שְׁתֵּי 1Sa 13:1 (corrupt), שׁ ׳שְׁלשׁ Lev 25:21; Lev 25:8+ שָׁנָה 2Ki 22:1; before unit (rare, late) 2Ch 11:17 (twice in verse); Dan 1:5; singular after 11-19, tens and hundreds Gen 5:3, Gen 5:9; Gen 14:4 + often; so 90 9years Gen 17:24 +, rarely 30 3years 1Ki 2:11, etc.; but שָׁנִים אֶלֶף Psa 90:4 1000years, so (+ מַּעֲמַיִם) Ecc 6:6 1000years twice over; with compare number often repeated, 900 year30year Gen 5:5, etc.; 100year70year5years Gen 25:7, etc.; with cardinal number = ordinal, לְ אַרְבַּע בִּשְׁנַת 1Ki 22:41 in the fourth year of, etc., also לְ שָׁנָה חֲמִשִּׁים בִּשְׁנַת 2Ki 15:23, etc.; but שׁ עֶשְׂרֵה ׳בְּאַרְבַּע לְ 2Ki 18:13, etc. (often), and עֶשְׂרֵה הָאַחַת בַּשָּׁנָה 1Ki 6:38, etc.; also (c. units), הָֽרְבִיעִת בַּשָּׁנָה Lev 19:24 +, etc., + לְ 2Ki 17:6 the ninth year of, etc.; and even (Ges§ 134p) לְ הַתְּשִׁיעִית בִּשְׁנַת 2Ki 25:1, compare Ezr 7:8; Jer 46:2; Jer 51:59 +? Jer 28:1; Jer 32:1 (Qr בַּשָּׁנָה).
II. שׁנה (√of following, meaning dubious; Thes compare Arabic shine, Ethiopic = be beautiful, Di251, compare PhilippiZAW xxxii (1878), 79; but Assyrian šinîtu is dyed cloth).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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