שָׁחַת

H7843. shachath
[שָׁחַת]151 verb go to ruin (?), only derived species (Late Hebrew Hiph`il = Biblical Hebrew, Ecclus. שחיתה Ecclesiasticus 30:11 corrupt act; Arabic extirpate; Ethiopic injure, violate; Tel Amarna ša—âtu is fall (especially of city), be prostrate (? of land), perhaps Canaanism (see WklTelAm. Vocab.), Assyrian possibly šêtu, flee, escape (compare אבד); Old Aramaic (Zinjirli) שחת destroy Lzb374, Aramaic שְׁחַת, (assimilation of ), multilate; — very improbable Gerber179denominative from שַׁחַת); —
Niph`al be marred, spoiled, Perfect3masculine singular נִשְׁחַת, of waistcloth Jer 13:7, vessel Jer 18:4; be injured, or even (hyperb.) ruined, Imperfect3feminine singular תִּשָּׁחֵת Exo 8:20 (J) of land (הֶעָרֹב מִפְנֵי); be corrupted, corrupt, in mnorals and rel., of earth, Perfect3feminine singular נִשְׁחָ֑תָה Gen 6:12 (P), Imperfect3feminine singular ׳וַתִּשּׁ הָא ׳לִפְנֵי Gen 6:11 (P); so Participle feminine plural as adjective נִשְׁחָתוֺת Eze 20:44.
Pi`el Perfect3masculine singular שִׁחֵת Exo 32:7 +, suffix שִׁחֶתְךָ Hos 13:9; Hos 13:2masculine singular שִׁחַתָּ Isa 14:20 +, etc.; Imperative masculine plural שַׁחֵ֑תוּ Jer 5:10; Infinitive construct שַׁחֵת Gen 13:10 +, etc.; —
1 spoil, ruin, accusative of eye Exo 21:26 (E), vineyard Jer 12:10 (figurative), branches Nah 2:3 (figurative), also = destroy, accusative of person 2Sa 1:14; 2Sa 14:11 (accusative omitted), Eze 5:16; Eze 20:17, כָּלבָֿשָׂר Gen 6:17; Gen 9:15 (P), city, fortress, etc., Gen 13:10; Gen 19:13, Gen 19:29 (all J), 2Sa 24:16; Jer 5:10 (accusative omitted), Jer 48:18; Eze 26:4; Eze 43:3; Lam 2:5, ruin temple Lam 2:6, nation Hos 11:9; Hos 13:9 (read perhaps שִׁחַתִּךָ Oort Now), land 2Ki 19:12 (Hiph`il in || Isa 37:12), Jdg 6:5; Jos 22:33 (P), Eze 22:30; Eze 30:11, earth Gen 9:11 (P); with ל object (ל 3b), city 1Sa 23:10, person Num 32:15 (P); with accusative רַחֲמָיו Amo 1:11, destroyed (stifled) his compassion (or, RSK 28 and others, the bonds of kinship, see רַחֲמִים), בְּרִית Mal 2:8, i.e. violate it, see especially ׳וְשׁ אַרְצָה (that is, semen) Gen 38:9 (J) he spoiled (it) upon the ground, made it ineffective, = waste words Pro 23:8.
2 pervert, corrupt, accusative wisdom Eze 28:17, absolute = deal corruptly, שִׁחֵתוּ הֶעֱמִיקוּ Hos 9:9 (compare [עָמֹק], p.770:b; but We Now read שַׁחְתּוֺ, √ שׁוח), Exo 32:7 (JE), Deu 9:12, so ׳שׁ לוֺ Deu 32:5.
Hiph`il103 Perfect3masculine singular הִשְׁחִית Gen 6:12 +; 1 singular וְהִשְׁחַתִּ֫י Jer 51:20, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יַשְׁחִית Dan 8:24 +, יַשְׁחִת Mal 3:11 +, וַיַּשְׁחֵת 1Ch 20:1-2;feminine singular וַתַּשְׁחִתִי Eze 16:47, Eze 16:2masculine plural תַּשְׁחִתוּן Deu 4:16; Deu 31:29; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַשְׁחִיתָהּ 2Ki 18:25 = Isa 36:10; Infinitive absolute הַשְׁחֵת Deu 31:29; construct הַשְׁחִית 1Sa 26:15 +, etc.; Participle מַשְׁחִית Gen 19:14 +, etc.; —
1 spoil, ruin, accusative crop Jdg 6:4; Mal 3:11, trees Deu 20:19-20, Jer 11:19 (figurative), vessels 2Ch 36:19, houses 2Ch 34:11, palaces Jer 6:5 compare Isa 65:8; Lev 19:27 (H), Rth 4:6; ׳הִשׁ דַּיָּם Jer 49:9 thieves damage as much as they want; accusative of person = ruin, destroy, 1Sa 26:9, 1Sa 26:15; Jdg 20:21, Jdg 20:25 (+ אַ֫רְצָה), Jdg 20:35; Jdg 20:42; 2Ki 13:23; 2Ch 24:23 (+ מִן separ.), + 12 t., + (accusative of person omitted) Isa 51:13 Isa 51:4t., accusative דָּוִד בֵּית2Ch 21:7, absolute Isa 11:9 = Isa 65:25; also ruin one (by words) Pro 11:9; accusative עַם 2Sa 24:16; Deu 9:26; land 1Sa 6:5; Jer 36:29; Dan 11:17 (see Dr); city wall 2Sa 20:15 (Ew Th here denominative from שַׁחַת they were making a pit; < ᵐ5 We (?) Klo Dr Bu HPS Now מְחַשְּׁבִים were devising), Lam 2:8, cities and nations Gen 18:28 (twice in verse) (J, accusative omitted), Gen 19:13-14, (J), Isa 37:12 (Pi`el in || 2Ki 19:12), 2Ki 36:10 (twice in verse) = 2Ki 18:25 (twice in verse) + 11 t. + (Israel personified) Deu 4:31; Deu 10:10; 2Ki 8:19, pride of Judah Jer 13:9, earth Jer 51:1; absolute with adverb accusative Dan 8:24 (see Dr; Bev conjecture יְשׂחֵחַ or יָשִׂיחַ utter monstrous things), compare 1Ch 21:12; Participle as adjective, of lion Jer 2:30, angel 1Ch 21:15; = destroyer Exo 12:23 (J), Jer 22:7; Isa 54:16, ׳מ גּוֺיִם Jer 4:7, מ ׳רוּחַ Jer 51:1; singular collective (׳הַמּ Ges§ 126l; the destroying band, compare Dr Bu Now) 1Sa 13:17; 1Sa 14:15 (spoilers, ravagers); figurative for snare, trap, Jer 5:26.
2 pervert, corrupt, morally, accusative דֶּרֶךְ Gen 6:12 (P; see דֶּרֶךְ
6), נַפְשׁוֺ Pro 6:32, compare Zep 3:7; Eze 23:11 (מִן compare); עֲלִילָה הִתְעִיבוּ ׳הִשׁ Psa 14:1 = Psa 53:2; תַּשְׁח ׳הַשְׁחֵת (+ verb of particular act) Deu 4:16; Deu 31:29; declar. = act corruptly, Isa 1:4; Deu 4:28 (+ verb of act), 2Ch 27:2, + מִן compare Jdg 2:19; Eze 16:47; Participle as substantive Jer 6:28, מַשׁ ׳אִישׁ Pro 28:24 (Pro 18:9 see infra). — אַלתַּֿשְׁחֵת destroy not (catchword of old song or melody ?) in Psalm-titles: Prov 57:1; Prov 58:1; Prov 59:1; Prov 75:1.
Hoph`al Participle מָשְׁחָת spoiled, ruined, of a spring, מָקוֺר Pro 25:26 (|| נִרְמָּשׂ מַעְיָן); as substantive Mal 1:14 sacrificing a spoiled thing.