Word

שְׁבִי

shᵉbîy · H7628 · Hebrew · 50 occurrences

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Meanings

taking captive, carrying off

Causative action by which people, animals, or objects are forcibly carried off; in the case of people, into slavery or exile

Examples
Numbers 21:1 When the Canaanite, the king of Arad, who lived in the Negev, heard that Israel was coming by the way of Atharim, he fought against Israel and took some of them captive.
captive, prisoner

A person or group that has been forcibly carried off to prison, into slavery, or resettlement

Examples
Exodus 12:29 Now it came about at midnight that the LORD struck all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of cattle.
Numbers 31:19 “And as for you, camp outside the camp for seven days; whoever has killed a person and whoever has touched anyone killed, purify yourselves, you and your captives, on the third day and on the seventh day.
Judges 5:12 “Awake, awake, Deborah; Awake, awake, sing a song! Arise, Barak, and lead away your captives, son of Abinoam.
captivity, captured

State in which people, animals or objects have been forcibly carried off; in the case of people, into slavery or exile

Examples
2 Chronicles 28:17 For the Edomites had come again and attacked Judah, and led away captives.
Ezra 2:1 Now these are the people of the province who came up out of the captivity of the exiles whom Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon had taken into exile to Babylon, and they returned to Jerusalem and Judah, each to his city.
Ezra 3:8 Now in the second year of their coming to the house of God at Jerusalem, in the second month, Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and the rest of their brothers the priests and the Levites, and all who came from the captivity to Jerusalem, began the work and appointed the Levites who were twenty years old and upward to oversee the work of the house of the LORD.

How it’s used In 8 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive

14 occurrences in 10 groups

הֶםtheir 4
Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10

Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles

3 occurrences in 3 groups

גָּלָהto uncover, to reveal, to go into exile 2
שׁוּבto return, to turn back 2
בַּיִתhouse, household 1

Named alongside itApposition

2 occurrences in 3 groups

בַּתdaughter 1
זָקֵןelder, old 1
נַעַרyoung man, servant, boy 1

What it doesIt is the subject

2 occurrences in 2 groups

לָקַחto take, to receive 1
מָלַטto escape, to deliver 1

What is done to itIt is the object

8 occurrences in 4 groups

שָׁבָהto take captive, to carry off 5
נָהַגto lead 1
אָסַףto gather, to assemble 1
בּוֹאto come, to go in, to bring 1

What is said to be itIt is the predicate

1 occurrences in 3 groups

בֵּןson 1
בַּתdaughter 1
אִשָּׁהwoman, wife 1

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

29 occurrences in 4 groups

בin/on/with 29
מִןfrom 14
לto/for 6
עִםwith 2

In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive

7 occurrences in 4 groups

אֶרֶץland, earth, ground 4
בְּכוֹרfirstborn 1
מַלְקוֹחַspoil 1
שִׂמְלָהclothes, garment, cloak 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

In the other Testament 2 words

αἰχμαλωσία aichmalōsía · G161 · captivity: Greek αἰχμαλωσία directly renders Hebrew שְׁבִי with the same core denotation of captivity/captives, representing the standard LXX translation equivalent for this concept across multiple contexts.
αἰχμάλωτος aichmálōtos · G164 · captive, prisoner of war: Hebrew שְׁבִי (shᵉbîy, H7628) and Greek αἰχμάλωτος (aichmálōtos, G164) share the core sense of captivity and prisoners taken in war, with the Greek term specifically emphasizing prisoners of war while the Hebrew covers both the abstract state of captivity and the concrete captives themselves.

Semantic domains 1 entry

Control002003002007: Exodus 12:29 speaks of "the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon," and Numbers 31:12 and 31:19 both refer to "the captives" taken in war, all directly attesting the subjugated control this word denotes.

Word family 3 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

שְׁבוּ shᵉbûw · H7618 · agate · 2×שְׁבִיshᵉbîy · H7628שִׁבְיָה shibyâh · H7633 · captive, captivity · 9×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H7628. shbiy שְׁבִי noun masculineIsa 49:24 captivity, captives (collective); — ׳שׁ…

H7628. shbiy
שְׁבִי noun masculineIsa 49:24 captivity, captives (collective); — ׳שׁ absolute Exo 12:29 +, construct Ezr 2:1 +; שֶׁ֑בִי Num 21:1 +; suffix שֶׁבְיְךָ Jdg 5:12, שִׁבְיוֺ Deu 21:10, שְׁבִיכֶם Num 31:19, etc.; —
1 = state of captivity, בַּשְּׁ ׳הָלַךְ Amo 9:4; Deu 28:41; Nah 3:10; Jer 20:6; Jer 22:22; Jer 30:16; Eze 12:11 (+ בַּגּוֺלָה) Eze 30:17-18, Isa 46:2; Lam 1:18, = שְׁבִי הָלַךְ Lam 1:5 יָבִא בַּשְּׁבִי Dan 11:8; בַּשְּׁ ׳נָתַן Ezr 9:7, לַשְּׁ ׳נָתַן Psa 78:61, בַּשֶּׁ֑בִי לֻקַּח Jer 48:46;לַשֶּׁ֑בִי לַשְּׁבִי וַאֲשֶׁר Jer 15:2; Jer 43:11, בַּשְּׁ ׳וְנָשֵׁינוּ2Ch 29:9 בִּשְׁבִי instrument of judgment Dan 11:33; שׁ ׳אֶרֶץ Jer 30:10; Jer 46:27; 2Ch 6:37-38, phrase of deliverance (only Ezra Nehemiah): מִןהַֿשְּׁ ׳נִשְׁאֲרוּ Neh 1:2, cf .Neh 1:3, מִןהַֿשְּׁ ׳הַשָּׁבִים Neh 8:17, הַגּוֺלָה מִשְּׁבִי הָעֹלִים Ezr 2:1 = Neh 7:6, מֵהַשְּׁ ׳הַבָּאִים Ezr 3:8; Ezr 8:35.
2 act of capture, שׁ ׳עִם סוּסֵיכֶם Amo 4:10; שִׁבְיָהּ שִׁמְלַת Deu 21:13 i. e. garb in which she was captured (> others captivity, in both: Amo 4:10 = your captive horses; Deu 21:13 he captive's garb).
3 = captives (coll): Exo 12:29 (J), Num 31:12, Num 31:19, Num 31:26 (man and beast), Isa 20:4 (|| גָּלוּת Isa 49:24-25, Hab 1:9 + Eze 32:9 ᵐ5 and others (see שֶׁבֶר near the end); apparently feminine singular Isa 52:2 (but see שָׁבִי); object of שָׁבָה (q. v.) Jdg 5:12 (> ᵑ6 שֹׁבֶיךָ JDMich We Bu Now), Num 21:1 (JE), Deu 21:10; Psa 68:19; 2Ch 28:17.
שָׁבִי adjective or
noun masculine whence] שְׁבִיָּה
noun feminine captive (compare Rahlfsעני u. ענר in Psalm 63); — ׳שׁ בַּתצִֿיּוֺן Isa 52:2b (BevJPhII. xcii (1888) p.127 ingeniously, ׳וגו הַבַּת, שְׁבִי compare || שְׁבִי, va and, on {abbrev}הַבּ, Lam 2:13; read also ׳שׁ יְרוּשָׁלָ֑םִ va (for שְׁבִי) Oort Bu Du CheHParticiple Marti.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 1 entry

Control48 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0