Word

קוּם

qûwm · H6965 · Hebrew · 627 occurrences

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Meanings

to arise, to rise up, to stand up, to sit up

Action by which humans or animals rise up, either fully or partially, from a lying, kneeling, crouching or sitting position

Examples
Genesis 19:1 Now the two angels came to Sodom in the evening as Lot was sitting at the gate of Sodom. When Lot saw them, he stood up to meet them and bowed down with his face to the ground.
Genesis 19:33 So they made their father drink wine that night, and the firstborn went in and slept with her father; and he did not know when she lay down or got up.
Genesis 19:35 So they had their father drink wine that night too, and the younger got up and slept with him; and he did not know when she lay down or got up.
to raise, to raise up, to help rise, to rouse

Causative action by which humans cause or help other humans or animals rise up, either fully or partially, from a lying, kneeling, crouching, or sitting position

Examples
Genesis 49:9 “Judah is a lion’s cub; From the prey, my son, you have gone up. He crouches, he lies down as a lion, And as a lion, who dares to stir him up?
Numbers 24:9 “He crouches, he lies down like a lion, And like a lioness, who dares to rouse him? Blessed is everyone who blesses you, And cursed is everyone who curses you.”
Deuteronomy 22:4 “You shall not see your countryman’s donkey or his ox fallen down on the road, and avoid them; you shall certainly help him raise them up.
to restore

Literally: to rise up (to life); hence: process by which individuals or entire nations become healthy, strong, and/or prosperous after a time of misfortune

Examples
Jeremiah 51:64 and say, ‘Just so shall Babylon sink down and not rise again, because of the disaster that I am going to bring upon her; and they will become exhausted.’” To this point are the words of Jeremiah.
to restore

Literally: to cause to rise up (to life); hence: causative process by which deities cause individuals or entire nations to be healthy, strong, and/or prosperous after a time of misfortune

Examples
Isaiah 49:6 He says, “It is too small a thing that You should be My Servant To raise up the tribes of Jacob and to restore the protected ones of Israel; I will also make You a light of the nations So that My salvation may reach to the end of the earth.”
Isaiah 49:8 This is what the LORD says: “At a favorable time I answered You, And on a day of salvation I helped You; And I will watch over You and make You a covenant of the people, To restore the land, to give as inheritances the deserted hereditary lands;
Hosea 6:2 “He will revive us after two days; He will raise us up on the third day, That we may live before Him.
to raise, to erect, to set up, to put together, to build

Literally: to cause to arise; hence: causative action by which humans put a construction in place

Examples
Leviticus 26:1 ‘You shall not make for yourselves idols, nor shall you set up for yourselves a carved image or a memorial stone, nor shall you place a figured stone in your land to bow down to it; for I am the LORD your God.
Deuteronomy 16:22 “And you shall not set up for yourself a memorial stone, which the LORD your God hates.
Judges 18:30 The sons of Dan set up for themselves the carved image; and Jonathan, the son of Gershom, the son of Manasseh, he and his sons were priests to the tribe of the Danites until the day of the captivity of the land.
Literally: to arise (against someone); hence: action by which humans or animals approach (other) humans with the intention of opposing or fighting them (to rise up (against), to oppose, to attack)

Examples
Genesis 4:8 Cain talked to his brother Abel; and it happened that when they were in the field Cain rose up against his brother Abel and killed him.
Deuteronomy 19:11 “But if there is a person who hates his neighbor, and waits in ambush for him and rises up against him and strikes him so that he dies, and he flees to one of these cities,
Deuteronomy 19:15 “A single witness shall not rise up against a person regarding any wrongdoing or any sin that he commits; on the testimony of two or three witnesses a matter shall be confirmed.
Literally: to raise up (humans against humans); hence: causative action by which a deity causes humans to approach other humans with the intention of opposing or fighting them (to raise up (against))

Examples
Amos 6:14 “For behold, I am going to raise up a nation against you, House of Israel,” declares the LORD God of armies, “And they will torment you from the entrance of Hamath To the brook of the Arabah.”
adversary

Literally: attacker; hence: a person who has initiated a conflict with someone else and acts accordingly

Examples
Exodus 15:7 “And in the greatness of Your excellence You overthrow those who rise up against You; You send out Your burning anger, and it consumes them like chaff.
Exodus 32:25 Now when Moses saw that the people were out of control—for Aaron had let them get out of control to the point of being an object of ridicule among their enemies—
Deuteronomy 33:11 “LORD, bless his strength, And accept the work of his hands; Smash the hips of those who rise up against him, And those who hate him, so that they do not rise again.”
to arise, to rise up, to take action, to set out, to leave, to prepare, to proceed

Literally: to arise; hence: action by which humans or deities get ready to engage in an action, which usually involves more than simply rising from a sitting or lying position and requires some preparation

Examples
Genesis 13:17 “Arise, walk about in the land through its length and width; for I will give it to you.”
Genesis 18:16 Then the men rose up from there, and looked down toward Sodom; and Abraham was walking with them to send them off.
Genesis 19:14 So Lot went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, who were to marry his daughters, and said, “Up, get out of this place, for the LORD is destroying the city.” But he appeared to his sons-in-law to be joking.
to rouse, to stir up

Literally: to raise up; hence: caustive action by which deities cause humans to get ready to engage in an action, which usually involves more than simply rising from a sitting or lying position and requires some preparation

Examples
Joshua 8:1 Now the LORD said to Joshua, “Do not fear or be dismayed. Take all the people of war with you. Arise, go up to Ai; see, I have handed over to you the king of Ai, his people, his city, and his land.
Habakkuk 1:6 “For behold, I am raising up the Chaldeans, That grim and impetuous people Who march throughout the earth, To take possession of dwelling places that are not theirs.
to carry out, to perform, to keep

Literally: to raise up (a commandment or promise); hence: action by which humans or deities engage in a particular action

Examples
1 Samuel 15:11 “I regret that I have made Saul king, because he has turned back from following Me and has not carried out My commands.” And Samuel was furious and cried out to the LORD all night.
1 Samuel 15:13 So Samuel came to Saul, and Saul said to him, “Blessed are you of the LORD! I have carried out the command of the LORD.”
Nehemiah 5:13 I also shook out the front of my garment and said, “So may God shake out every person from his house and from his possessions who does not keep this promise; just so may he be shaken out and emptied.” And all the assembly said, “Amen!” And they praised the LORD. Then the people acted in accordance with this promise.
to oblige

Literally: to raise up (a pattern of behavior over someone); hence: causative action by which humans in a position of authority prescribe a certain pattern of behavior to other humans

Examples
Esther 9:21 obliging them to celebrate the fourteenth day of the month Adar, and the fifteenth day of the same month, annually,
Esther 9:27 the Jews established and made a custom for themselves, their descendants, and for all those who allied themselves with them, so that they would not fail to celebrate these two days according to their regulation and according to their appointed time annually.
Esther 9:31 to establish these days of Purim at their appointed times, just as Mordecai the Jew and Queen Esther had established for them, and just as they had established for themselves and for their descendants, with instructions for their times of fasting and their mourning.
to still, to cause to be still

Literally: to cause to rise to silence; causative action by which deities cause a natural force to abate

Examples
Psalm 107:29 He caused the storm to be still, So that the waves of the sea were hushed.
to arise, to appear, to come

Literally: to arise; hence: process by which humans leave a position of relative obscurity and enter the public arena

Examples
Exodus 1:8 Now a new king arose over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.
Deuteronomy 34:10 Since that time no prophet has risen in Israel like Moses, whom the LORD knew face to face,
Judges 2:10 All that generation also were gathered to their fathers; and another generation rose up after them who did not know the LORD, nor even the work which He had done for Israel.
to raise up, to bring into existence

Literally: to raise up; hence: causative process by which deities cause humans to leave a position of relative obscurity and enter the public arena

Examples
Deuteronomy 18:15 “The LORD your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your countrymen; to him you shall listen.
Deuteronomy 18:18 ‘I will raise up for them a prophet from among their countrymen like you, and I will put My words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them everything that I command him.
Joshua 5:7 So their children whom He raised up in their place, Joshua circumcised; for they were uncircumcised, because they had not circumcised them along the way.
to establish

Literally: to raise up; hence: causative action by which deities bring objects into existence

Examples
Proverbs 30:4 Who has ascended into heaven and descended? Who has gathered the wind in His fists? Who has wrapped the waters in His garment? Who has established all the ends of the earth? What is His name or His Son’s name? Surely you know!
Ezekiel 34:29 “I will establish for them a renowned planting place, and they will not again be victims of famine in the land, and they will not endure the insults of the nations anymore.
to raise up offspring

Literally: to raise up seed; hence: causative action by which humans or deities make sure that people have descendents

Examples
Genesis 38:8 Then Judah said to Onan, “Have relations with your brother’s wife and perform your duty as a brother-in-law to her, and raise up a child for your brother.”
2 Samuel 7:12 “When your days are finished and you lie down with your fathers, I will raise up your descendant after you, who will come from you, and I will establish his kingdom.
1 Chronicles 17:11 “When your days are fulfilled that you must go to be with your fathers, then I will set up one of your descendants after you, who will be from your sons; and I will establish his kingdom.
to establish as one's own

Literally: to establish (people) as (one's special) people; hence: action by which deities associate themselves with a certain group of people and establish a special relationship with them

Examples
Deuteronomy 28:9 “The LORD will establish you as a holy people to Himself, as He swore to you, if you keep the commandments of the LORD your God and walk in His ways.
Deuteronomy 29:13 in order that He may establish you today as His people, and that He may be your God, just as He spoke to you and as He swore to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
Literally: to raise (from a low position); hence: causative process by with deities cause humans to gain a higher status within the society (to raise (someone in status))

Examples
1 Samuel 2:8 “He raises the poor from the dust, He lifts the needy from the garbage heap To seat them with nobles, And He gives them a seat of honor as an inheritance; For the pillars of the earth are the LORD’S, And He set the world on them.
2 Samuel 23:1 Now these are the last words of David. David the son of Jesse declares, The man who was raised on high, The anointed of the God of Jacob And the sweet psalmist of Israel, declares,
to arise, to happen, to come

Literally: to arise; hence: process by which an event starts taking place

Examples
Genesis 41:30 and after them seven years of famine will come, and all the abundance will be forgotten in the land of Egypt, and the famine will ravage the land.
Proverbs 15:22 Without consultation, plans are frustrated, But with many counselors they succeed.
Proverbs 19:21 Many plans are in a person’s heart, But the advice of the LORD will stand.
to establish, to set up

Literally: to raise; hence: causative action by which deities establish a certain condition

Examples
Psalm 78:5 For He established a testimony in Jacob, And appointed a law in Israel, Which He commanded our fathers That they were to teach them to their children,
to fulfill

Literally: to cause (words or plans) to stand; hence: causative action by which humans or deities cause plans or promises to be carried out as intended

Examples
Genesis 26:3 “Live for a time in this land and I will be with you and bless you, for to you and to your descendants I will give all these lands, and I will establish the oath which I swore to your father Abraham.
Deuteronomy 9:5 “It is not because of your righteousness or the uprightness of your heart that you are going in to take possession of their land, but it is because of the wickedness of these nations that the LORD your God is driving them out from before you, and in order to confirm the oath which the LORD swore to your fathers, to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
Deuteronomy 27:26 ‘Cursed is anyone who does not fulfill the words of this Law by doing them.’ And all the people shall say, ‘Amen.’
to grow more intense

Literally: (a condition) arises; hence: process by which an event grows in intensity

Examples
Job 11:17 “Your life would be brighter than noonday; Darkness would be like the morning.
Literally: to rise up over the name (of someone else); hence: process by which humans start bearing the name of other humans, even though they are not their direct biological offspring, as a result of levirate marriage (to assume the name (of someone else))

Examples
Deuteronomy 25:6 “It shall then be that the firstborn to whom she gives birth shall assume the name of his father’s deceased brother, so that his name will not be wiped out from Israel.
Literally: to rise (and move to someone else); hence: process by which a property is transferred from one owner to another (to pass (into someone else's possession))

Examples
Genesis 23:17 So Ephron’s field, which was in Machpelah, which faced Mamre, the field and the cave which was in it, and all the trees which were in the field, that were within all the confines of its border, were deeded over
Genesis 23:20 So the field and the cave that was in it were deeded over to Abraham for a burial site by the sons of Heth.
Leviticus 25:30 ‘But if it is not bought back for him within the space of a full year, then the house that is in the walled city passes permanently to its purchaser throughout his generations; it does not revert in the jubilee.
to stand, to rise

State or process by which objects or substances have or assume an upright shape

Examples
Joshua 3:16 then the waters which were flowing down from above stood and rose up in one heap, a great distance away at Adam, the city that is beside Zarethan; and those which were flowing down toward the sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, were completely cut off. So the people crossed opposite Jericho.
Isaiah 27:9 Therefore through this Jacob’s wrongdoing will be forgiven; And this will be the full price of the pardoning of his sin: When he makes all the altar stones like pulverized chalk stones; When Asherim and incense altars will not stand.
to set, to set up

Literally: to cause to arise; hence: causative action by which humans or deities put an object in an upright position, which can consist of either a single object like a stone or a collection of objects that form a single unit

Examples
Exodus 26:30 “Then you shall erect the tabernacle according to its plan which you have been shown on the mountain.
Exodus 40:2 “On the first day of the first month you shall set up the tabernacle of the tent of meeting.
Exodus 40:17 Now in the first month of the second year, on the first day of the month, the tabernacle was erected.
to take position, to stand

Literally: to arise; hence: action by which humans or deities position themselves in a standing position in a certain location

Examples
Deuteronomy 19:16 “If a malicious witness rises up against a person to testify against him of wrongdoing,
2 Samuel 12:17 The elders of his household stood beside him in order to help him up from the ground, but he was unwilling and would not eat food with them.
1 Chronicles 28:2 Then King David rose to his feet and said, “Listen to me, my brothers and my people; I had intended to build a permanent home for the ark of the covenant of the LORD and for the footstool of our God. So I had made preparations to build it.
to stand, to endure

Literally: to stand; hence: state in which humans live through an experience without being affected

Examples
Psalm 1:5 Therefore the wicked will not stand in the judgment, Nor sinners in the assembly of the righteous.
Amos 7:2 And it came about, when it had finished eating the vegetation of the land, that I said, “Lord GOD, please pardon! How can Jacob stand? For he is small.”
Amos 7:5 Then I said, “Lord GOD, please stop! How can Jacob stand? For he is small.”
to set, to install

Literally: to cause to stand; hence: causative action by which humans assign roles and responsibilities to other humans

Examples
Deuteronomy 28:36 “The LORD will bring you and your king, whom you appoint over you, to a nation that neither you nor your fathers have known, and there you shall serve other gods, made of wood and stone.
Judges 7:19 So Gideon and the hundred men who were with him came to the outskirts of the camp at the beginning of the middle night watch, when they had just posted the watch; and they blew the trumpets and smashed the pitchers that were in their hands.
1 Kings 15:4 But for David’s sake the LORD his God gave him a lamp in Jerusalem, to raise up his son after him and to establish Jerusalem,
to hold, to endure

Literally: to stand; hence: state in which an object remains firmly standing in its place

Examples
Job 8:15 “He depends on his house, but it does not stand; He holds on to it, but it does not endure.
to stand, to remain, to endure

Literally: to hold; hence: process by which a certain condition endures for an extended time

Examples
Leviticus 27:14 ‘Now if someone consecrates his house as holy to the LORD, then the priest shall assess it as either good or bad; as the priest assesses it, so shall it stand.
Leviticus 27:17 ‘If he consecrates his field as of the year of jubilee, according to your assessment it shall stand.
Numbers 30:4 and her father hears her vow and her obligation under which she has put herself, and her father says nothing to her, then all her vows shall remain valid and every binding obligation under which she has put herself shall remain valid.
to make stand, to establish, to cause to endure

Literally: to cause to hold; hence: causative action by which deities cause a certain condition to endure for an extended time

Examples
Numbers 30:13 “Every vow and every binding oath to humble herself, her husband may confirm it or her husband may annul it.
Numbers 30:14 “But if her husband in fact says nothing to her from day to day, then he confirms all her vows or all her binding obligations which are on her; he has confirmed them, because he said nothing to her on the day he heard them.
Deuteronomy 25:7 “But if the man does not desire to take his brother’s widow, then his brother’s widow shall go up to the gate to the elders, and say, ‘My husband’s brother refuses to establish a name for his brother in Israel; he is not willing to perform the duty of a husband’s brother to me.’
to stand, to be constant

Literally: to endure; hence: state in which humans stand by a certain principle

Examples
Isaiah 32:8 But the noble person devises noble plans; And by noble plans he stands.
to raise up, to strengthen

Literally: to cause to stand; hence: causative action by which deities provide comfort to people who are grieving

Examples
Psalm 119:28 My soul weeps because of grief; Strengthen me according to Your word.
Literally: to stand; hence: state in which humans have sufficient physical or military strength to withstand attacks by others (to stand firm, to hold (one's) ground)

Examples
Joshua 7:12 “Therefore the sons of Israel cannot stand against their enemies; they turn their backs before their enemies, because they have become designated for destruction. I will not be with you anymore unless you eliminate from your midst the things designated for destruction.
Joshua 7:13 “Stand up! Consecrate the people and say, ‘Consecrate yourselves for tomorrow, because the LORD, the God of Israel, has said this: “There are things designated for destruction in your midst, Israel. You cannot stand against your enemies until you have removed the designated things from your midst.”
Lamentations 1:14 “The yoke of my wrongdoings is bound; By His hand they are woven together. They have come upon my neck; He has made my strength fail. The Lord has handed me over To those against whom I am not able to stand.
to cause to stand firm, to support

Literally: to cause to stand; hence: causative action by which deities cause humans to have sufficient physical or military strength to withstand attacks by others

Examples
Psalm 89:43 You also turn back the edge of his sword, And have not made him stand in battle.
to be effective, to avail, to succeed

Literally: to stand; hence: process by which humans can complete a certain activity successfully

Examples
Job 41:26 “The sword that reaches him cannot prevail, Nor the spear, the dart, or the javelin.
Proverbs 28:12 When the righteous triumph, there is great glory, But when the wicked rise, people hide themselves.
Proverbs 28:28 When the wicked rise, people hide themselves; But when they perish, the righteous increase.
to confirm

Literally: to cause to stand; hence: causative action by which someone in authority confirms the truth and authority of what has been communicated

Examples
Esther 9:29 Then Queen Esther, daughter of Abihail, with Mordecai the Jew, wrote with full authority to confirm this second letter about Purim.
Esther 9:31 to establish these days of Purim at their appointed times, just as Mordecai the Jew and Queen Esther had established for them, and just as they had established for themselves and for their descendants, with instructions for their times of fasting and their mourning.
Esther 9:32 The command of Esther established these customs for Purim, and it was written in the book.
to establish a covenant

Literally: to cause a covenant to stand; hence: action by which a deity proposes a solemn agreement with another party, accompanied by stipulations, blessings, and curses

Examples
Genesis 6:18 “But I will establish My covenant with you; and you shall enter the ark—you, your sons, your wife, and your sons’ wives with you.
Genesis 9:9 “Now behold, I Myself am establishing My covenant with you, and with your descendants after you;
Genesis 9:11 “I establish My covenant with you; and all flesh shall never again be eliminated by the waters of a flood, nor shall there again be a flood to destroy the earth.”
(eyes) to be set, to be fixed

Literally: (one's) eyes stand; hence: state in which the human eyes are no longer able to see and are fixed in one direction

Examples
1 Samuel 4:15 Now Eli was ninety-eight years old, and his eyes were fixed and he could not see.
1 Kings 14:4 And Jeroboam’s wife did so, and set out and went to Shiloh, and came to the house of Ahijah. Now Ahijah could not see because his eyes were glossy from his old age.
to get up

Literally: to arise; hence: process by which a sick or wounded person regains the ability to stand up and walk

Examples
Exodus 21:19 if he gets up and walks around outside on his staff, then he who struck him shall go unpunished; he shall only pay for his loss of time, and shall pay for his care until he is completely healed.
Psalm 41:8 “A wicked thing is poured out upon him, So that when he lies down, he will not get up again.”
to raise up

Literally: to raise up; hence: causative process by which a deity causes a sick or wounded person to regain the ability to stand up and walk

Examples
Psalm 41:10 But You, LORD, be gracious to me and raise me up, That I may repay them.
to uphold

Literally: to raise up (someone who is stumbling); hence: causative action by which deities give inner strength to humans who are about to fail in their efforts

Examples
Job 4:4 “Your words have helped the stumbling to stand, And you have strengthened feeble knees.
to rise up, to rebel

Literally: to arise; hence: action by which humans reject the authority of a ruler to which they had formerly been subjected

Examples
Numbers 16:2 and they stood before Moses, together with some of the sons of Israel, 250 leaders of the congregation chosen in the assembly, men of renown.
Judges 9:18 but in fact you have risen against my father’s house today and have killed his sons, seventy men, on one stone, and have made Abimelech, the son of his female slave, king over the leaders of Shechem, because he is your relative—
1 Samuel 22:13 Saul then said to him, “Why have you and the son of Jesse conspired against me, in that you have given him bread and a sword, and have inquired of God for him, so that he would rise up against me by lying in ambush as it is this day?”
Literally: to cause to arise; hence: causative action by which humans cause other humans to reject the authority of a ruler to which they had formerly been subjected (to cause to rebel, to stir up (against))

Examples
1 Samuel 22:8 “For all of you have conspired against me so that there is no one who informs me when my son makes a covenant with the son of Jesse, and there is none of you who cares about me or informs me that my son has stirred up my servant against me to lie in ambush, as it is this day.”

How it’s used In 13 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

602 occurrences in 140 groups

Not stated: you (one person) 89
Not stated: he, she or it 89
Not stated: I 52
Not stated: they 40
Not stated (infinitive) 31
Not stated: you (more than one) 26
Other words · 102 groups that occur once or twice (126) 126

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

146 occurrences in 64 groups

דָּבָרword, thing, matter 26
בְּרִיתcovenant, treaty 11
וֹhim 8
מִשְׁכָּןtabernacle, dwelling place 6
מִזְבֵּחַaltar 5
עַמּוּדpillar 5
Other words · 51 groups that occur once or twice (65) 65

Second objectAs in “call him Lord”

2 occurrences in 1 groups

שָׂטָןSatan, adversary 2

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

244 occurrences in 196 groups

עַלon, upon, over, against+ נִיme 9
בin/on/with+ בֹּקֶרmorning 7
לto/for+ וֹhim 7
עַלon, upon, over, against+ הֶםthem 6
לto/for+ הֶםthem 6
עַלon, upon, over, against+ ךָּyou 5
Other words · 175 groups that occur once or twice (211) 211

With adverbsAdverbs

50 occurrences in 12 groups

לֹאnot 33
בַּלnot 4
עַתָּהnow 4
עוֹדstill, again, yet 3
Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (9) 9

Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive

13 occurrences in 6 groups

נִיme 7
ךָּyou 2
וֹhim 1
הָher 1
נוּus 1
הֶםthem 1

Named alongside itApposition

2 occurrences in 2 groups

אֹיֵבenemy 1
רָעַעto do evil, to act wickedly, to do harm 1

What it doesIt is the subject

1 occurrences in 1 groups

אָרַרto curse 1

What is done to itIt is the object

16 occurrences in 8 groups

יָדַעto know 4
יָכֹלto be able to 3
יָסַףto add 2
כָּרַעto kneel, to bow down 2
אָמַרto say 2
הָרַסto tear down, to overthrow 1

Second object ofSecond object

1 occurrences in 1 groups

גָּלָהto uncover, to reveal, to go into exile 1

What it is said to bePredicate

3 occurrences in 1 groups

אַיִןthere is no, not 3

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

26 occurrences in 3 groups

לto/for 15
בin/on/with 9
מִןfrom 7

In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive

5 occurrences in 5 groups

יָדhand, power 1
מֹתֶןloins, waist 1
שָׁאוֹןroaring 1
שָׁכַםto rise early 1
שָׂפָהlip 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 1 word

סָעַד çâʻad · H5582 · to strengthen, to support, to sustain: סָעַד (‘to establish, strengthen’) and the target lexeme (among its many senses, ‘to confirm, make good, help’) share a sense of making firm or establishing, functioning as near-synonyms in that specific sense, though the target lexeme is far more broadly polysemous overall.

In the other Testament 7 words

ἀνίστημι anístēmi · G450 · to cause to stand, to raise up, to raise to life: Greek ἀνίστημι (anístēmi, G450) is the standard LXX rendering of Hebrew קוּם (qûwm, H6965) for 'to rise/stand up,' capturing both the literal physical sense of rising/standing and the figurative senses of establishing, confirming, or enduring that both terms carry in their respective linguistic contexts.
ἐγείρω egeírō · G1453 · to get up, to cause to stand up, to stand up: Greek ἐγείρω specializes in the sense of physically raising/awakening (from sleep, sitting, lying, death), while Hebrew קוּם encompasses broader establishment, continuation, and decree senses alongside the shared core meaning of arising/standing up.
ἐξανίστημι exanístēmi · G1817 · to stand up, to beget, to procreate: ἐξανίστημι (exanistēmi) functions as a Greek intensified/prefixed variant of the broader 'arise/stand' semantic field shared with קוּם (qum), specifically emphasizing emergence or rising up (ἐξ- 'out from'), typically in contexts of raising up seed/offspring (Deuteronomy 25:6-7, Ruth, Acts 15:5) or standing up in opposition, representing a register-specific subset of קוּם's extensive range of 'arise/stand/establish' senses.
ἐπανίσταμαι epanístamai · G1881 · to rebel against, to revolt, to engage in insurrection: ἐπανίσταμαι (epanístamai, G1881) specifically denotes hostile rising/standing up against someone (figurative attack), representing a specialized hostile sense of קוּם (qûwm, H6965)'s broader semantic range of rising/standing.
ἐφίστημι ephístēmi · G2186 · to stand by, to stand at, to be near: ἐφίστημι (ephístēmi, G2186) ἐφίστημι focuses on the state of standing present or coming to stand by/upon something (spatial or temporal arrival), whereas קוּם (qûwm, H6965) קוּם emphasizes the action of rising up or establishing; the overlap occurs in contexts where rising/establishing results in standing present (e.g., sudden appearances, threats materializing).
ἵστημι hístēmi · G2476 · to put, to place, to set: Hebrew קוּם (qûwm, H6965) and Greek ἵστημι (hístēmi, G2476) share the core sense of 'to stand/arise/be established' across both literal physical standing and figurative establishment/confirmation contexts, making them direct translation equivalents in LXX rendering.
μένω ménō · G3306 · to remain, to stay, to await: μένω (ménō, G3306) μένω specifically denotes the durative aspect of קוּם (qûwm, H6965) קוּם ('to remain standing, endure, continue'), focusing on persistence in a state rather than the initiating or accomplishing senses of קוּם.

Semantic domains 28 entries

Stance002001001061: This is the very common verb meaning to rise or stand up, directly illustrated by Cain rising up against his brother Abel (Genesis 4:8).
Alive002001001003: This domain is not illustrated by the five sampled citations out of this verb's 627 occurrences, which show only the rising-up and covenant-establishing senses.
Strong002001001063: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Exist002002002005: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations, though establishing a covenant so that it comes into lasting force touches on this sense in a general way.
Conflict002003002006: The word describes a hostile act, illustrated by Cain rising up against his brother Abel and killing him (Genesis 4:8).
Enemies001001003002: The same account of Cain rising against Abel as an adversary directly illustrates this sense (Genesis 4:8).
Engage002003003011: Cain's rising up to act against his brother directly illustrates engaging in a hostile act (Genesis 4:8).
Non-Engage002003003012: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Associate002003002002: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Great002001002012: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Happen002002003003: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Intense002001003011: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Name002004002010: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Possess002003002019: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Shape002001001052: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Space002002001017: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Bear002003003003: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Role002002002008: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Steady002001001062: The verb is used of establishing God's covenant as a firm, standing commitment, illustrated repeatedly in the Noahic covenant account (Genesis 6:18, 9:9, 9:11).
Endure002002003001: The same covenant citations illustrate a commitment meant to endure between God and all flesh (Genesis 9:9, 9:11, 9:17).
Faithful002001002008: The repeated establishing of the covenant with Noah illustrates this sense of confirming a faithful commitment (Genesis 6:18, 9:9, 9:11, 9:17).
Relief002001002023: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Succeed002003003020: The successful establishing of God's covenant with Noah illustrates this sense, loosely, in the same citations (Genesis 9:9, 9:11, 9:17).
True002001003017: The covenant's establishment as a valid, confirmed commitment illustrates this sense, loosely, in the same citations (Genesis 9:9, 9:11, 9:17).
Vow002004001009013: The act of establishing a covenant is itself a solemn commitment, directly illustrated by God's repeated establishing of His covenant with Noah (Genesis 6:18, 9:9, 9:11, 9:17).
Unable002001001065: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Confident002001002003: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.
Unwilling002001002031: This domain is not illustrated by the sampled citations.

Word family 13 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

קוּםqûwm · H6965מָקוֹם mâqôwm · H4725 · place, spot, site · 401×קוֹמָה qôwmâh · H6967 · height, stature · 45×קוּם qûwm · H6966 · appoint, establish, make · 35×קָמָה qâmâh · H7054 · standing grain · 10×יְקוּם yᵉqûwm · H3351 · creatures, living things · 3×קְיָם qᵉyâm · H7010 · decree, statute · 2×קַיָּם qayâm · H7011 · stedfast, sure · 2×קוֹמְמִיּוּת qôwmᵉmîyûwth · H6968 · erect · 1×קִים qîym · H7009 · enemy, adversary, opponent · 1×קִימָה qîymâh · H7012 · rising up · 1×תְּקוּמָה tᵉqûwmâh · H8617 · standing firm, holding (one's) ground · 1×תְּקוֹמֵם tᵉqôwmêm · H8618 · adversary · 1×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H6965. qum קָמָי לֵב probably late Atbash (compare שֵׁשַׁךְ) for p. 1058 כשׂדים the…

H6965. qum
קָמָי לֵב probably late Atbash (compare שֵׁשַׁךְ) for p. 1058 כשׂדים the orginal reading (ᵐ5) Jer 51:1.
קוּם628 verb arise, stand up, stand; — (Late Hebrew in derived species and derivatives; Phoenician Hiph`il Participle and מקם place; Arabic stand, rise, Ethiopic stand, stop; Sabean מקם, place, HomChrest. 127; Aramaic קוּם, = Biblical Hebrew, so Old Aramaic Nabataean קום; Palmyrene Aph`el אקים erect statue; compare probably Assyrian kumu (k = כ), place, dwelling, kum, kêmu, in place of, and perhaps kaiamânu, enduring, constant (see כִּיּוּן); Thes compare also Samaritan image unavailable, live, compare especially ᵑ7 Pa`el); —
Qal460 Perfect3masculine singular קָם 1Sa 17:48 +, וְקָאם consecutive Hos 10:14 (Ges§ 72p); 2 masculine singular קַמְתָּ 2Sa 12:21, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יָקוּם Exo 21:19, jussive יָקֻם Gen 27:31, (לָ֑ךְׅ וְיָ֫קָם Job 22:28 (Ges§ 109h Dr§ 152 (3)); וַיָּ֫קָם Gen 4:8 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular קוּם Gen 13:17 +, feminine plural קֹמְנָה Isa 32:9, etc.; Infinitive absolute קוֺם Jer 44:29; construct קָוּם Amo 5:2 +, etc.; Participle> feminine singular קָמָה Mic 7:6; masculine plural קָמִים 2Sa 18:31 +, הַקּוֺמִים 2Ki 16:17 (Ges§ 72p), etc.; —
1 arise: מִתַּחְתָּיו Exo 10:23 (E). Specifically:
a. after lying down (sleep, sickness, mourning, etc.), 1Sa 3:6, 1Sa 3:8; 2Sa 12:21; Exo 21:19; Gen 19:33, Gen 19:35; Gen 31:17; Rth 3:14; Ecc 12:4 50t.; from lying dead, עַלרַֿגְלָיו קַיָּקָם 2Ki 13:21, compare Job 14:12; Isa 26:14, Isa 26:19; Psa 88:11; after falling Amo 5:2; Amo 8:14; Jer 8:4; Jer 25:27 Jer 25:4t. (chiefly figurative); after being smitten, wounded, etc. Psa 18:39 || 2Sa 22:39; Isa 27:9 (of Asherim, etc.), Isa 43:17 Isa 43:4t.; from sitting, reclining, especially at meals Gen 25:34; 1Sa 1:9; 1Sa 20:34 (הַשֻּׁלְחָן מֵעִם; 1Sa 20:25 see קָדַם), Est 7:7 ( +אֶל in construction Praegn.), but also Jdg 3:20 (מֵעַל), 2Sa 2:14 (twice in verse); 2Sa 2:15, Jon 3:6 (מִכִּסְאוֺ), + 11 t., + (arise = stand up, in respect), Gen 19:1 ( +לִקְתָאתָם), Gen 31:35 (מִמָּנֶיךָ), Lev 19:32 (מִמְּנֵי), Isa 49:7; Job 29:8; + וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ 2Ki 2:19, compare Gen 23:7; Exo 33:10; 1Sa 20:41; 1Sa 25:41; — (see also
e); from kneeling (מִן + מִלִּפְנֵי location) 1Ki 8:54, from obeisance 1 Samuel 24:42; Est 8:4; from bending over (עַל) dead Gen 23:3 (P).
b. out of (מִן) a condition, state, Ezr 9:5.
c. of bear rising עַל person, 1Sa 17:35.
d. arise (+ stand) Exo 33:8; Psa 20:9 (figurative of success, prosperity), Job 24:22 (id.), +; of sheaf Gen 37:7; of waters Jos 3:16 (נֵדאֶֿתָד).
e. construction Praegn. arise (and stand) for a purpose Num 11:32 (E); over, עַל person, 2Sa 12:17.
f. arise as preliminary to formal speech Jdg 20:8; Mic 6:1; Jer 1:17; 1Ch 28:2 (עַלרַֿגְלָיו), Pro 31:28; Job 30:28 Job 30:5t.; to testify (against) Deu 19:15-16, (both ב person), Psa 27:12; Psa 35:11, compare also בִּי וַיָּקָם Job 16:8 (of כַּחַשׁ q. v.; Bu כַּעַשׂ); to vindicate Job 19:25 (עַלעַֿפָר); to read aloud Neh 9:3 (עַלעָֿמְדָם); to bless people 2Ch 30:27 (priests).
g. to listen to God's word Num 23:18; Isa 32:9; to praise God 2Ch 20:19; Neh 9:4-5,.
h. of noise, tumult Hos 10:14; of light Job 25:3 (עַל person).
2 arise, in hostile sense (optative with idea of suddenness); with עַל person Deu 19:11 (out of ambush), Deu 22:26; Jdg 9:18; Jdg 20:5; Psa 27:3 (of war), Obadiah (לַמִּלְחָמָה), + 11 t., + Job 30:12 (according to Bu, reading עָלַי for עִַליָֿמִין), + (of ׳י) Amo 7:9 (ב instrumental), Isa 14:22; Isa 31:2; with אֶל person Gen 4:8; 1Sa 22:13; 1Sa 24:8 (Gi v.1Sa 24:7); with ב person Mic 7:6; Psa 27:12 (false witness), Mic 7:6; with עַם person Psa 94:16 (|| יִתְיַצֵּב); see especially participle with suffix = those rising up against me (thee, etc.) Exo 15:7; Exo 32:25; Deu 33:11 Deu 33:8t. + Psa 109:28 (read ᵑ9 ᵐ5 יֵבשׁוּ קָמַי Bae We Du, compare Hup Dr); with מִן from, out of Jos 8:7, Jos 8:19; Jdg 9:35, Jdg 9:43; Jdg 20:33; = revolt Num 16:2 (לִפְנֵי person), 2Ki 12:21; 2Ch 13:6, compare Hab 2:7.
3 arise, absolute, = become powerful Pro 28:12, Pro 28:28.
4 arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet, king Jdg 5:7 (twice in verse); Jdg 10:1, Jdg 10:3; Deu 13:2; Deu 34:10; Exo 1:8; 2Ki 23:25; of years of famine Gen 41:30; with אַחֲרֵי person Deu 29:21; Jdg 2:10; 1Ki 3:12; with תַּחַת, in palce of, 1Ki 8:20 2Ch 6:10; Num 32:14; with עַלמַֿמְלֶכֶת2Ch 21:4; with מִן Num 24:17 (sceptre out of Israel); of calamity, Nah 1:9; Pro 24:22; חָ֑לֶד יָקוּם מִצָּהֳרַיִם Job 11:17 i.e. to shine upon thee.
5 arise for, i.e. to become, with ל of thing; לְעַד קוּמִי בְּיוֺם Zep 3:8 (read לְעֵד, for a witness, ᵑ6 ᵐ5 We Now GASm compare Da); לְמַטֵּהרֶֿשַׁע קָם הֶחָמָס Eze 7:11 (but dubious; Co Berthol Krae קָמֵל).
6. a. arse for action, especially of ׳י arising [from his throne], + infinitive Isa 2:19, Isa 2:21; for judgement Psa 76:10 (לַמִּשְׁמָּט), Job 31:14; often Imperative Num 10:35; Jer 2:27; Psa 3:8 Psa 3:8t. Psalms + 2Ch 6:41 (with לְנוּחֶ֑ךָ), Psa 132:8 (with לִמְנוּחָתֶ֑ךָ); Imperfect Isa 28:21 Isa 28:4t.; Imperative also of men, arise ! up ! i.e. act ! Jdg 4:14; Ezr 10:4, of idols Jer 2:28; Imperfect of the tongue (personified) Isa 54:17 (לַמִּשְׁמָּט אִתָּךְ).
b. arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed Gen 21:18; Exo 32:1; Jdg 5:12; Jdg 8:20-21, Jer 49:14 (לַמִּלְחָמָה), Obadiah (וְנָקוּמָה קוּמוּ לַמִּלְחָמָה עָלֶיחָ), + 37 t.
c. especially arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere, Gen 13:17; Gen 19:14-15, 1Sa 9:3; Jon 1:3 (in flight), Jon 3:3 110t.
7 stand: especially figurative
a. = maintain oneself Jos 7:12-13, (J E; לִפְנֵי person), Amo 7:2, Amo 7:5; Nah 1:6; Lam 1:14; Psa 1:5; Psa 24:3; Job 41:18 (of sword), of courage (רוּח) Jos 2:11 (D; בְּאִישׁ, + לִפְנֵי person).
b. = be established, confirmed, of kingdom 1Sa 24:21 (בְּיָָֽדְךָ; Gi v.1Sa 24:20); of purchase Lev 27:19, with ל person be assured to Lev 25:30; Gen 23:17, Gen 23:20 (all P).
c. stand, endure 1Sa 13:14; Job 8:15 (|| עָמַד), Job 15:29.
d. = be fixed, of price, Lev 27:14, Lev 27:17.
e. = be valid, of vows, Num 30:5 (twice in verse) + 6 t. Numbers 30 + Num 30:10 (with עַל person; all P).
f. = be proven Deu 19:15.
g. = be fulfilled Jer 44:29 (imperfect + infinitive absolute; עַל person), Job 22:28 (ל person); of ׳יs purpose Jer 51:29 (עַל person), Isa 14:24; Pro 19:21, compare Jer 44:28; Isa 40:8; Isa 46:10; of human plans, succeed Isa 7:7; Isa 8:10; Isa 28:18; Pro 15:22.
h. persist, יָקוּם עַלנְֿדִיבוֺת Isa 32:8 literally on noble things doth he take his stand.
i. אָחִיו עַלאשֵׁם יָקוּם Deu 25:6 he shall stand upon the name of his dead brother, represent him.
j. of eyes, = be set, fixed, without vision 1Sa 4:15; 1Ki 14:4 (עַיִן 1i).
Pi`el Perfect3masculine singular קִיַּם Est 9:31-32, Est 9:3plural קִיְּמוּ Est 9:27; Est 9:31; Imperfect1singular וָאֲקַיֵּמָ֑ה Psa 119:106; Imperative masculine singular suffix קַיְּמֵנִי Psa 119:28; Infinitive construct לְקַיֵּם Eze 13:6 +; — late (Aramaic):
1 fulful, Eze 13:6; Psa 119:106.
2. a. confirm, ratify, Rth 4:7.
b. confirm, establish, of ׳י Psa 119:28 (with suffix accusative).
c. impose, an obligation, עַל person Est 9:21, Est 9:31 b, עַל reflexive Est 9:27; Est 9:31 c; with acc of thing Est 9:29; Est 9:31 a.; Est 9:32.
Po`l. raise up: Imperfect2masculine singular תְּקוֺמֵם Isa 58:2; Isa 58:1singular אֲקוֺמֵם Isa 44:26; Isa 44:3masculine plural יְקוֺמֵ֑מוּ Isa 61:4 (all of rebuilding); — יְקוֺמֵם Mic 2:8, read תָּקוּמוּ We Now, or קָמִים GASm Buhl.
Hithpolel raise oneself, = rise up: Participle feminine singular מִתְקוֺמָמָה Job 20:27 (לְ person against); masculine singular suffix מְ֑מִי Job 27:7 one rising up against me (|| אֹיְבִי); plural absolute מְ֑מִים Psa 17:7; suffix מְ֑מַי Psa 59:2; see also Psa 139:21, reading וּבְמִתְקוֺמְמֶיךָ (for ׳וּבִתְק ᵑ0; || מְשַׂנְאֶיךָ); see also קוּט.
Hiph`il146 Perfect3masculine singular הֵקִים Jos 4:9 +; 2 masculine singular וַהֲקֵמֹתָ֫ Exo 26:30; Deu 27:2; Deu 27:1singular הֲקִימֹתִי 1Sa 15:13, הֲקִמֹתִי Gen 9:17 +, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יָקִים Deu 18:15 +; jussive יָקֵם 1Sa 1:23 +; וַיָּ֫קֶם Jdg 2:16 +; 2 feminine plural תָּקִ֫ימְנָה Jer 44:25, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הָקֵם 2Sa 7:25 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָקֵים Jer 44:25, הָקֵם Deu 22:4; Jdg 7:19; construct הָקִים 2Sa 3:10 +, etc.; Participle מֵקִים Amo 6:14 +, etc.; —
1 cause to arise, raise:
a. prostrate (accusative of person or thing) 2Sa 12:17 (מִןהָֿאָרֶץ), Deu 22:4 (עִמּוֺ תָּקִים הָקֵם), Psa 41:11; Ecc 4:10 (twice in verse); figurative Amo 5:2; Amo 9:11 (twice in verse); Hos 6:2; Isa 49:8; 1Sa 2:8 = Psa 113:7 (|| הֵרִים), Job 4:4; Jer 50:32.
b. from throne (מִן) Isa 14:9.
c. lift up shield (צִנָּה) against (עַל) Eze 26:8.
d. figurative raise (to dignity, power) Isa 49:6.
2
a. raise, set up, stones Jos 4:9 (J E; בְּתוֺךְ local), Jos 4:20 (J E; ב location), Jos 24:26 (E; תַּחַת שָׁם, location), Deu 27:2; pillars 1Ki 7:21 (3 t. in verse) || 2Ch 3:17; Exo 40:18 (P); מֶּסֶל מַצֵּבָה, Jdg 18:30 (ל reflexive), Lev 26:1; Deu 16:22; throne, figurative, 2Sa 3:10, king Deu 28:36 (both with עַל over.
b. erect, build: Isa 23:13; Exo 26:30; heap of stones over (עַל) Jos 7:26; Jos 8:29; altar 2Sa 24:18 (׳לי) || 1Ch 21:18 (id.), 1Ki 16:32 (לבעל), 2Ki 21:8 (id.) = 2Ch 33:3 (לבעלים); curtains Jer 10:20 (of Judah's tent, in figure); tabernacle, etc., Exo 40:2, Exo 40:18, Exo 40:33 Exo 40:4t. Numbers; erect against (עַל) Isa 29:3.
c. figurative of setting up law Psa 78:5 (עֵדוּת; || שִׂים).
3 raise up = bring on the scene: with accusative, sons in place of (תַּחַת) fathers Jos 5:7, אַחֲרֵי 2Sa 7:12 = 1Ch 17:11; 1Ki 15:4; raise up לְאָחִיךָ זֶרַע Gen 38:8 (J); judges Jdg 2:16, Jdg 2:18 (לָהֶם), compare Jdg 3:9, Jdg 3:15; (both ל person); king Jer 30:9, צַדִּיק צֶמַח Jer 23:5, prophet

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 28 entries

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0