פַּעַם
paʻam · H6471 · Hebrew · 118 occurrences
A word for 2 things
- Covenant Box, Ark of the CovenantReligion189 verses
- AnvilBlacksmith2 verses
Meanings
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foot
The lower part of the leg beyond the ankle, on which humans or animals stand and with which they walk
Examples2 Kings 19:24 “I dug wells and drank foreign waters, And with the soles of my feet I dried up All the streams of Egypt.”
Psalm 58:10 The righteous will rejoice when he sees vengeance; He will wash his feet in the blood of the wicked.
Song of Solomon 7:1 “How beautiful are your feet in sandals, Prince’s daughter! The curves of your hips are like jewels, The work of the hands of an artist.
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footstep, hoofbeat
The act or movement of putting one foot in front of the other in walking
ExamplesJudges 5:28 “Out of the window she looked and wailed, The mother of Sisera through the lattice, ‘Why does his chariot delay in coming? Why do the hoofbeats of his chariots delay?’
Psalm 74:3 Step toward the irreparable ruins; The enemy has damaged everything in the sanctuary.
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steps
Literally: footstep, used exclusively in a figurative way to denote part of one's journey through life; hence: something that is being done and, when God is the agent, something that other people ought to do as well; at the same time one can easily slip and fall, which is a metaphor for failure
ExamplesPsalm 17:5 My steps have held to Your paths. My feet have not slipped.
Psalm 57:6 They have prepared a net for my steps; My soul is bowed down; They dug a pit before me; They themselves have fallen into the midst of it. Selah
Psalm 85:13 Righteousness will go before Him And will make His footsteps into a way.
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foot
Literally: foot; hence: one of the four bottom corners of a square object
ExamplesExodus 25:12 “You shall also cast four gold rings for it and fasten them on its four feet; two rings shall be on one side of it, and two rings on the other side of it.
Exodus 37:3 He cast four rings of gold for it on its four feet; two rings on one side of it, and two rings on the other side of it.
1 Kings 7:30 Now each stand had four bronze wheels with bronze axles, and its four feet had supports; beneath the basin were cast supports with wreaths at each side.
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tier
Literally: foot; hence: one of a series of beams or entire stories placed one above the other
Examples1 Kings 7:4 There were artistic window frames in three rows, and window was opposite window at three intervals.
1 Kings 7:5 And all the doorways and doorposts had squared artistic frames, and window was opposite window at three intervals.
Ezekiel 41:6 The side chambers were in three stories, one above another, and thirty in each story; and the side chambers extended to the wall which stood on their inward side all around, so that they could be attached, but not be attached to the wall of the temple itself.
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anvil
Literally: foot; hence: a heavy piece of metal that served as a base for hammering and shaping other pieces of metal
ExamplesIsaiah 41:7 So the craftsman encourages the smelter, And he who smooths metal with the hammer encourages him who beats the anvil, Saying of the soldering, “It is good”; And he fastens it with nails, So that it will not totter.
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time, instance
Literally: foot; hence: a single instance in a range of repeated events
ExamplesGenesis 2:23 Then the man said, “At last this is bone of my bones, And flesh of my flesh; She shall be called ‘woman,’ Because she was taken out of man.”
Genesis 18:32 Then he said, “Oh may the Lord not be angry, and I shall speak only this once: suppose ten are found there?” And He said, “I will not destroy it on account of the ten.”
Genesis 27:36 Then Esau said, “Is he not rightly named Jacob, for he has betrayed me these two times? He took away my birthright, and behold, now he has taken away my blessing.” And he said, “Have you not reserved a blessing for me?”
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this time, now
Literally: this time; hence: a reference to the actual time when a particular event takes place
ExamplesGenesis 46:30 Then Israel said to Joseph, “Now let me die, since I have seen your face, that you are still alive.”
How it’s used In 7 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
16 occurrences in 6 groups
- יmy 6
- הוּhis 6
- דַּלpoor, weak 1
- מֶרְכָּבָהchariot 1
- ךָyour 1
- ךְyour 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
68 occurrences in 15 groups
- שֶׁבַעseven 19
- שָׁלוֹשׁthree 15
- אֶחָדone 8
- זֶהthis 6
- זֹאתthis 5
- אַרְבַּעfour 4
- Other words · 8 groups that occur once or twice (11) 11
Named alongside itApposition
3 occurrences in 2 groups
- מָהwhat?, why? 2
- רֶגֶלfoot, leg 1
What it doesIt is the subject
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- אָחַרto be delayed 1
- יָפָהto be beautiful 1
- מוֹטto move 1
What is done to itIt is the object
5 occurrences in 5 groups
- דָּחָהto push, to thrust down 1
- יָסַףto add 1
- כּוּןto establish, to prepare 1
- רוּםto be high, to raise, to lift up 1
- רָחַץto wash, to bathe 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
27 occurrences in 5 groups
- בin/on/with 22
- כlike/as 12
- עַלon, upon, over, against 6
- עַדto, as far as, until 2
- לto/for 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
4 occurrences in 3 groups
- כַּףpalm, hand 2
- דֶּרֶךְway, road 1
- הָלַםto strike 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 3 words
- ἅπαξ hápax · G530 · once, one time, once and for all
- Greek ἅπαξ (hápax, G530) renders Hebrew פַּעַם (paʻam, H6471) when denoting a single occurrence or instance ('once'), typically in adverbial constructions marking temporal singularity, contrasting with the Hebrew term's broader semantic range encompassing repetition markers ('twice,' 'thrice'), steps, ranks, and structural corners.
- δίς dís · G1364 · twice, more than once, several times
- Greek δίς specifically denotes 'twice' (two occurrences), representing the specialized numerical subset of Hebrew פַּעַם's broader semantic range covering iteration counts, occurrences, and steps generally.
- τρίς trís · G5151 · thrice, three times
- Greek τρίς (tris) specifically denotes "three times" as a precise numeric iteration, corresponding to the subset of פַּעַם (paʻam, H6471)'s semantic range where פַּעַם marks enumerated occurrences (particularly in the idiomatic "[phrase] thrice" usage documented in the gloss).
Semantic domains 8 entries
- People001001003
- This domain's connection to פַּעַם is not directly illustrated among the sampled citations, which show the word's temporal sense of 'time' or 'once' rather than any reference to a person.
- Move002002001012
- This domain's connection to פַּעַם is not directly illustrated among the sampled citations, though the word's use for a footstep or a 'going' extends naturally to physical movement.
- Act002002002001
- This domain's connection to פַּעַם is not directly illustrated among the sampled citations, which show the word's temporal sense rather than a specific act.
- Furnishings001003001001008
- This domain's connection to פַּעַם is not directly illustrated among the sampled citations, though the word's use for the base or socket of tabernacle furnishings is a facet of its broader range.
- Buildings001003002001
- This domain's connection to פַּעַם is not directly illustrated among the sampled citations, which show the word's temporal sense rather than an architectural reference.
- Tools001003001001017
- The word's use for an anvil, the tool struck by a smith's hammer, is a facet of this extraordinarily broad word's range, not directly illustrated among the sampled citations, which show its temporal sense.
- Circumstantial Referents003002002
- The word's idiomatic use for marking an occasion or circumstance is closely related to its temporal sense already illustrated, extending 'this time' to mark the circumstances surrounding a given occurrence.
- Temporal Referents003002006
- פַּעַם most often marks a point in time or an instance of repetition, 'time' or 'once,' as of Adam's declaration 'this time' bone of my bones in Genesis 2:23, Abraham's plea to speak just this once more in Genesis 18:32, Esau's charge that Jacob deceived him these two times in Genesis 27:36, and Leah's naming of her sons 'this time' in Genesis 29:34 and 29:35.
Word family 3 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H6471. paam מַּ֫עַם118 noun feminineExo 8:28 (masculine only Jdg 16:23 [text suspicious,…
מַּ֫עַם118 noun feminineExo 8:28 (masculine only Jdg 16:23 [text suspicious, see GFM AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 76 Kösynt. § 248m], 2Sa 23:8 [Qr feminine], 1Ki 7:30 [corrupt, see below]) beat, foot, anvil, occurrence; — absolute ׳מ Gen 2:23 +; מָּ֑עַם Gen 46:30 +; dual מַּעֲמַיִם Gen 27:36 +, etc.; plural מְּעָמִים Gen 33:3 +; also (concrete) construct מַּעֲמֵי Jdg 5:28 +; suffix מְּעָמַי Psa 57:7; Psa 119:133, etc.; מַּעֲמֹתָיו (only 1c) Exo 25:12 Exo 25:2t.; —
1. a. in poetry, hoof-beat Jdg 5:28; late, of human footfall, footstep, figurative Psa 17:5 (|| אֲשׁוּרַי), Psa 119:113; מְּעָמָיו לְדֶרֶךְ וְיָשֵׂם Psalm 85:14.
b. foot, figurative, Psa 57:7; Psa 58:11; Psa 74:3; Psa 140:5; Pro 29:5; literal Isa 26:6 (|| רֶגֶל), Cant 7:2; פ ׳בְּכַף 2Ki 19:24 = Isa 37:25.
c. foot, of ark Exo 25:12; Exo 37:3 (P). — מַּעֲמֹתָיו 1Ki 7:30 read מִּנּוֺתָיו (compare 1Ki 7:34).
2 = anvil (struck by hammer) Isa 41:7.
3 occurrence, time (originally stroke, beat):
a. ׳מ אֶחָ֑ת [אַחַת] one time, once Jos 6:3, Jos 6:11, Jos 6:14 (JE), Jos 10:42 (D) + 3 t. +2Sa 23:8 Qr (>Kt אחד); מַּעֲמָ֑יִם twice Gen 41:32 Gen 41:6t.; ׳פ Nah 1:9 second time; פ ׳אַרְבַּע Neh 6:4 four times; פ שֵׁשׁ אוֺ ׳חָמֵשׁ 2Ki 13:19, compare חֲמִישִׁית ׳מ Neh 6:5; also with שֶׁבַע שָׁלשׁ,, q. v.; פ ׳עֶשֶׂר (וֶה) Num 14:22 (JE) Neh 4:6; Job 19:3, all indefinite = over and over; indefinite also וּשְׁתָּ֑יִם מַּעַם Neh 13:20 once and [i.e. or] twice; שָׁלוֺשׁ מַּעֲמַיִם Job 33:29 twice (or) thrice; פְעָמִים מֵאָה 2Sa 24:3 = 1Ch 21:3, פ ׳אֶלֶף Deu 1:11; ׳פ רַבּוֺת Psa 106:43; Ecc 7:22; פְעָמִים עַדכַּֿמֶּה 1Ki 22:16 2Ch 18:15.
b. כְּפַעַםבְּֿפַעַם as time on time, i.e. as formerly, as usual, Num 24:1 (E) Jdg 16:20; Jdg 20:30-31, 1Sa 3:10 (compare Dr) 1Sa 20:25.
c. בַּמַּעַם (גַּם) הַוּאֹת at this repetition (this time) also Exo 8:28; Exo 9:14 (J) + 3 t.; בַּמּ ׳גַּם הַהִוא Deu 9:19; Deu 10:10.
d. הַמַּעַם (Hexateuch only J): (1) = this once Gen 18:32, הַמּ ׳אַךְ Exo 10:17; Jdg 6:39, ׳רַקהַֿמּ Jdg 6:39, הַמּ ׳אַךְ הַזֶּה Jdg 16:28 (הַזֶּה dubious, see above); (2) = now at lenth Gen 2:23; Gen 29:34-35, Gen 30:20; Gen 46:30; Jdg 15:3; Jdg 16:18, compare also Exo 9:27 now at length (it is clear that) I have sinned.
e. מָּ֑עַם ֗֗֗ מַּעַם Pro 7:12 now ... now, at one time ... at another.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 8 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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