נִקָּיוֹן
niqqâyôwn · H5356 · Hebrew · 5 occurrences
Meanings
-
famine, hunger
Literally: cleanness of teeth; hence: state of being without food
ExamplesAmos 4:6 “But I gave you also cleanness of teeth in all your cities, And lack of bread in all your places; Yet you have not returned to Me,” declares the LORD.
-
innocence
State in which someone or something is without or free from guilt
ExamplesGenesis 20:5 “Did he himself not say to me, ‘She is my sister’? And she herself said, ‘He is my brother.’ In the integrity of my heart and the innocence of my hands I have done this.”
Psalm 26:6 I will wash my hands in innocence, And I will go around Your altar, LORD,
Psalm 73:13 Surely in vain I have kept my heart pure And washed my hands in innocence;
How it’s used In 3 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- כַּףpalm, hand 1
- שֵׁןtooth, ivory 1
What is done to itIt is the object
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- יָכֹלto be able to 1
- נָתַןto give, to put, to set 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
3 occurrences in 1 groups
- בin/on/with 5
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 3 words
- בֹּר bôr · H1252 · cleanness, purity, innocence
- Both words denote abstract qualities of cleanness, purity and innocence in the sphere of moral and ritual purity.
- תֻּמָּה tummâh · H8538 · integrity, blamelessness
- Both words denote moral states of being blameless or free from guilt. They differ slightly in nuance, "cleanness, innocency" versus "integrity," but describe overlapping moral or ethical ideas.
- תֹּם tôm · H8537 · integrity, blamelessness, in full measure
- נִקָּיוֹן (niqqâyôwn, H5356) denotes “cleanness, innocency” (a state of being free from guilt), while תֹּם (tôm, H8537) denotes “integrity, completeness, uprightness” (moral wholeness). They overlap in the sense of moral purity and could substitute in contexts of moral blamelessness.
In the other Testament 1 word
- ἄθωος áthōos · G121 · guiltless, innocent
- Greek ἄθωος specifically denotes legal innocence or guiltlessness, while Hebrew נִקָּיוֹן encompasses both moral cleanness and legal innocency; ἄθωος represents the juridical subset of נִקָּיוֹן's broader semantic range.
Semantic domains 2 entries
- Hunger002004001001002
- The word is used idiomatically of "cleanness of teeth," i.e. having nothing to eat, a hunger-related figurative sense of the term for cleanness (Amos 4:6), tying the word to an empty, unfed state.
- Innocent002003003015
- The word's more common sense is the abstract noun for innocence or freedom from guilt, tying it directly to a cleared, blameless moral standing.
Word family 5 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5356. niqqayon נִקָּיוֺן noun [masculine] innocency; — ׳נ Psa 26:6; Psa 73:13; נִקָּיֹן…
נִקָּיוֺן noun [masculine] innocency; — ׳נ Psa 26:6; Psa 73:13; נִקָּיֹן Hos 8:5; construct נִקְּיוֺן Amo 4:6; נִקְיֹן Gen 20:5; —
1 freedom from guilt, innocency: ׳נ כַּמַּי Gen 20:5 (RJE); בנ ׳אֶרְחַץ דַּמָּ֑י Psa 26:6 I will wash my hands in innocency = Psa 73:13.
2 freedom from punishment Hos 8:5.
3 in physical sense, שִׁנַּיִם נִקְיוֺם cleanness of teeth (without food) Amo 4:6 (but read perhaps after קַהֲיוֺן ᵑ7 ᵑ6 ᵐ5 bluntness, so LagBN 201).
[קֵהָיוֺן] noun [masculine] bluntness (LagBN 201); — read perhaps construct קִהְיוֺן Amo 4:6 (for נִקְיוֺן; see נִקָּיוֺן).
קהל (√ of following; compare Sabean קהלת קהל, assembly, congregation DHMZMG xxx (1876), 685 HomChrest. 127; Saho kahal, come together, assemble ReinischSaho Spr. 210; Syriac assemble, Christian-Palestinian Aramaic , λαός; Late Hebrew Hiph`il = Biblical Hebrew; LagBN 51 compare Arabic rebuke, and conjecture קָהָל = 'Rügegericht').
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 2 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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