נָקִי
nâqîy · H5355 · Hebrew · 43 occurrences
Meanings
-
innocent, free from obligation, not liable, exempt
State in which humans are not held responsible for actions committed in the past or for future commitments
ExamplesGenesis 24:41 then you will be free from my oath, when you come to my relatives; and if they do not give her to you, you will be free from my oath.’
Genesis 44:10 So he said, “Now let it indeed be according to your words; he with whom it is found shall be my slave, but the rest of you shall be considered innocent.”
Exodus 21:28 “Now if an ox gores a man or a woman to death, the ox shall certainly be stoned and its flesh shall not be eaten; but the owner of the ox shall go unpunished.
How it’s used In 8 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- כַּףpalm, hand 1
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
1 occurrences in 2 groups
- נָשָׂאto lift up, to carry, to bear 1
- שָׁבַעto swear, to take an oath 1
What it doesIt is the subject
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- חָלַקto divide, to distribute 1
- לָעַגto mock 1
- עוּרto awake, to stir up 1
What is done to itIt is the object
8 occurrences in 3 groups
- הָיָהto be, to become 5
- הָרַגto kill 2
- מָלַטto escape, to deliver 1
What it is said to bePredicate
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אַיִןthere is no, not 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
6 occurrences in 7 groups
- אֲנַחְנוּwe 2
- בַּעַלowner, master, husband 1
- הוּאhe, she, it 1
- כִּסֵּאthrone, seat 1
- מֶלֶךְking 1
- מַמְלָכָהkingdom, kingship 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- עַלon, upon, over, against 2
- לto/for 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
5 occurrences in 2 groups
- דָּםblood 4
- מַסָּהproving 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 4 words
- זַךְ zak · H2134 · pure, pure > innocent
- Both words denote being morally or ritually unblemished or free from guilt or impurity. נָקִי (nâqîy, H5355) has a broader range, including legal exemption, but overlaps with זַךְ (zak, H2134) in the sense of purity and innocence.
- טָהוֹר ṭâhôwr · H2889 · clean
- Both words occupy overlapping semantic space in purity, innocence and cleanness. "Clean" appears in the renderings of both, along with related ideas such as pure, innocent and blameless.
- חַף chaph · H2643 · pure, clean
- Both words denote states of innocence or blamelessness in an ethical or legal sense.
- תָּם tâm · H8535 · joined, perfect
- Both words describe a moral state without fault or guilt. נָקִי focuses on being clean or free from guilt or obligation, while תָּם emphasizes completeness, integrity and perfection of moral character.
In the other Testament 3 words
- ἄθωος áthōos · G121 · guiltless, innocent
- Greek ἄθωος denotes legal innocence (not guilty status), functioning as the standard LXX rendering of Hebrew נָקִי in forensic contexts where freedom from guilt or liability is asserted.
- δίκαιος díkaios · G1342 · righteous, just, being in a right relation with
- δίκαιος (díkaios, G1342) emphasizes positive righteousness and conformity to divine/legal standards, while נָקִי (nâqîy, H5355) focuses on absence of guilt or culpability; the overlap occurs when innocence implies righteous standing before judgment.
- ἀναίτιος anaítios · G338 · guiltless, innocent
- Greek ἀναίτιος translates Hebrew נָקִי in contexts emphasizing legal/moral innocence or freedom from guilt/blame, with both terms sharing the core semantic domain of guiltlessness.
Semantic domains 1 entry
- Innocent002003003015
- The word describes a person who is blameless, clean, or guiltless, tying it to a declared or actual state of innocence before judgment or oath.
Word family 5 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5355. naqiy נָקִי adjective clean, free from, exempt; — ׳נ Gen 24:41 Gen 24:31t.;…
נָקִי adjective clean, free from, exempt; — ׳נ Gen 24:41 Gen 24:31t.; construct נְקִי Psa 24:4; plural נְקִיִּים Jer 2:34; נְקִיִּם Gen 44:10 Gen 44:6t.; —
1 free from guilt, clean, innocent, || ׃צַדִּיק וְצַדִּיק נָקִי Exo 23:7 (E), נָקִי: innocent person Job 4:7; Job 17:8; Job 22:19, Job 22:30; Job 27:17; Psa 10:8; Psa 15:5; Pro 1:11; נקיים Job 9:23; נקי דם innocent blood, first used in D, Deu 19:10; Deu 27:25; 1Sa 19:5; 2Ki 21:16; 2Ki 24:4; Psa 94:2; Psa 106:38; Pro 6:17; Isa 59:7; Jer 7:6; Jer 22:3; Jer 26:15; חנקי דם Deu 19:13; 2Ki 24:4; Jer 22:17; הנקי הדם Deu 21:9; נקיים דם Jer 19:4; מִדְּמֵי נָקִיִ 2Sa 3:28 ( + י ׳מֵעִם); כַמַּיִם נְקִי Psa 24:4; נקיים אביונים Jer 2:34.
2 free from punishment Exo 21:28 (E) 2Sa 14:9.
3 free, exempt from obligations Gen 44:10 (J); from service in war Num 32:22 (P; + מִן person, see מִן 2d), Deu 24:5; 1Ki 15:22 (compare Arabic and WetzstZMG xxii (1868), 129); with מן, from oaths Gen 24:41 (J) Jos 2:17, Jos 2:19, Jos 2:20 (JE).
נָקִיא adjective innocent; — נָקִיא דָּם innocent blood Joel 4:19; Jon 1:14 (both Kt; Qr נָקִי).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 1 entry
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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