Word

נָדַח

nâdach · H5080 · Hebrew · 54 occurrences

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Meanings

to be raised

State in which one's hand, which holds an instrument like an axe, is raised, with the purpose of striking it against another object

Examples
Deuteronomy 19:5 as when a person goes into the forest with his friend to cut wood, and his hand swings the axe to cut down the tree, and the iron head slips off the handle and strikes his friend so that he dies—he may flee to one of these cities and live.
to wield

Causative action by which humans raise their hand, which holds an instrument like an axe, with the purpose of striking another object

Examples
Deuteronomy 20:19 “When you besiege a city for a long time, to make war against it in order to capture it, you shall not destroy its trees by swinging an axe against them; for you may eat from them, so you shall not cut them down. For is the tree of the field a human, that it should be besieged by you?
to drive out, to cast out, to disperse

Causative action by which humans, animals, or deities cause (other) humans or animals to leave their place or position using force

Examples
Deuteronomy 22:1 “You shall not see your countryman’s ox or his sheep straying away, and avoid them; you shall certainly bring them back to your countryman.
Deuteronomy 30:1 “So it will be when all of these things have come upon you, the blessing and the curse which I have placed before you, and you call them to mind in all the nations where the LORD your God has scattered you,
2 Chronicles 13:9 “Have you not driven out the priests of the LORD, the sons of Aaron and the Levites, and made for yourselves priests like the peoples of other lands? Whoever comes to consecrate himself with a bull and seven rams, even he may become a priest of things that are not gods.
outcast, one driven out, dispersed

Person or animal that has been caused to leave their place or position by force

Examples
Deuteronomy 30:4 “If any of your scattered countrymen are at the ends of the earth, from there the LORD your God will gather you, and from there He will bring you back.
2 Samuel 14:13 The woman said, “Why then have you planned such a thing against the people of God? For in speaking this word the king is like one who is guilty, in that the king does not bring back his banished one.
2 Samuel 14:14 “For we will surely die and are like water spilled on the ground, which cannot be gathered up. Yet God does not take away life, but makes plans so that the banished one will not be cast out from Him.
to lure away, to seduce, to lead astray

Causative action by which humans cause other humans to give up a certain pattern of behavior and start engaging in other activities which are usually regarded as unacceptable

Examples
Deuteronomy 4:19 “And be careful not to raise your eyes to heaven and look at the sun, the moon, and the stars, all the heavenly lights, and allow yourself to be drawn away and worship them and serve them, things which the LORD your God has allotted to all the peoples under the whole heaven.
Deuteronomy 13:5 “But that prophet or that dreamer of dreams shall be put to death, because he has spoken falsely against the LORD your God who brought you out of the land of Egypt and redeemed you from the house of slavery, to drive you from the way in which the LORD your God commanded you to walk. So you shall eliminate the evil from among you.
Deuteronomy 13:10 “So you shall stone him to death, because he has attempted to drive you away from the LORD your God who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.
to bring down disaster, ruin

Causative action by which humans cause bad things to happen to other humans

Examples
2 Samuel 15:14 So David said to all his servants who were with him in Jerusalem, “Arise and let’s flee, for otherwise none of us will escape from Absalom. Go quickly, or he will hurry and overtake us, and bring disaster on us and strike the city with the edge of the sword.”

How it’s used In 8 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

38 occurrences in 15 groups

Not stated: I 11
Not stated: you (one person) 4
Not stated: he, she or it 4
Not stated (infinitive) 4
Not stated: you (more than one) 3
Not stated: they 3
Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (10) 10

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

26 occurrences in 10 groups

הֶםthem 11
ךָּyou 4
כֶםyou 3
Other words · 7 groups that occur once or twice (8) 8

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

12 occurrences in 14 groups

Other words · 14 groups that occur once or twice (14) 14

With adverbsAdverbs

14 occurrences in 1 groups

שָׁםthere 14

Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive

8 occurrences in 6 groups

יִשְׂרָאֵלIsrael 3
עֵילָםElam 1
נִיme 1
ךָּyou 1
וֹhim 1
כֶםyou 1

What it doesIt is the subject

6 occurrences in 4 groups

הָיָהto be, to become 2
בּוֹאto come, to go in, to bring 2
גּוּרto sojourn 1
דָּחָהto push, to thrust down 1

What is done to itIt is the object

11 occurrences in 7 groups

קָבַץto gather, to assemble 3
שׁוּבto return, to turn back 3
כָּנַסto gather 1
סָתַרto hide, to be hidden 1
אָסַףto gather, to assemble 1
קָרָאto call, to cry out 1

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

4 occurrences in 1 groups

לto/for 4

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Contrasting words 1 word

קָבַץ qâbats · H6908 · to come together, to gather, to assemble: נָדַח (nâdach, H5080) נָדַח denotes forcible dispersion or driving away—banishing, casting out, scattering people from a place. קָבַץ (qâbats, H6908) קָבַץ denotes the opposite action: gathering, assembling, or bringing together people or things that were dispersed. These form a genuine antonym pair representing the contrasting movements of scattering versus collecting.

Semantic domains 4 entries

High002001001035: The domain classification here reflects the word's association with the heavenly bodies (sun, moon, stars) toward which people are warned not to be drawn away in worship (Deuteronomy 4:19), tying the word to the elevated heavenly objects involved in that specific warning.
Move002002001012: נָדַח denotes being driven, banished, or thrust away, as in the warning against being "drawn away" to worship the heavenly bodies (Deuteronomy 4:19) or an enticer who would "thrust" someone toward serving other gods (Deuteronomy 13:6), tying the word to forced or induced movement away from a proper place.
Unfaithful002001002027: The word is closely tied to being led astray into apostasy, as in the repeated warnings against being enticed to "go and serve other gods" (Deuteronomy 13:6-14), associating the term with unfaithfulness to the LORD induced by another's influence.
Happen002002003003: The word is also used of an accidental, unintended event, as in the axe head that "slips off" and strikes a person by accident (Deuteronomy 19:5), tying the term to something happening unintentionally rather than by deliberate action.

Word family 2 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

נָדַחnâdach · H5080מַדּוּחַ maddûwach · H4065 · leading astray, misleading · 1×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H5080. nadach [נָדַח] verb impel, thrust, banish (especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah and…

H5080. nadach
[נָדַח] verb impel, thrust, banish (especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah and later) (Late Hebrew id., beguile, Hiph, Niph`al; Aramaic נְדַח (rare) = Biblical Hebrew; Ethiopic ; thrust; Arabic is drive a ship to shore); —
Qal Imperfect יִדַּח 2Sa 14:14; Infinitive לִנְדֹּחַ Deu 20:19; — transitive
1 impel (i.e. wield) an axe, followed byעַלֿ Deu 20:19;
2 thrust away, banish followed byמִןֿ 2Sa 14:14.
Niph`al Perfect3feminine singular נִדְּחָה Job 6:13, etc.; (Imperfect יִדַּ֫חוּ Jer 23:12 see דחח); Participle נִדָּח 2Sa 14:14; נִדָּחָה Mic 4:6 Mic 4:2t.; נִדַּ֫חַת Eze 34:4, Eze 34:16, etc. On נִדְחֵי Isa 11:12; Isa 56:8; Psa 147:2 see Ki Köi. 317; —
1 be impelled: בַּגַּרְוֶן יָרוֺ וְנִדְּחָה be impelled with the axe Deu 19:5.
2 be thrust out, banished: of dispersion in exile, followed by שָׁם Jer 40:12; Jer 43:5 (|| שׁוּב); followed by לִפְנֵי Jer 49:5 (|| קִבֵּץ); compare also figurative מִמֶּנִּי נִדְּחָה תֻּשִׁיָּה Job 6:13 is banished from me, i.e. is non-existent; especially Participle banished one(s), outcast(s), as accusative of congnate meaning with verb with נָדַח2Sa 14:14; with קִבֵּץ Mic 4:6; Deu 30:4; Zep 3:19; Neh 1:9; ׳נ יִשִׂרָאֵל, with אָסַף Isa 11:12 (|| יְקַבֵּץ נְפֻצוֺת); with קִבֵּץ Isa 56:8; with כִּנֵּס Psa 147:2; with הֵשִׁיב 2Sa 14:13; Eze 34:4, Eze 34:16 (both || אֹבֵד); with בּוֺא Isa 27:13 (|| id.); see also Isa 16:3-4, Jer 49:36; outcast = neglected one, figurative of Zion Jer 30:17 (|| לָהּ אֵין דֹּרֵשׁ).
3 driven away (from herd, i.e.) straying Deu 22:1.
4 thrust away, aside from ׳י to idiolatry Deu 4:19; Deu 30:17 (followed by וְהִשְׁתַּחֲוָה).
Pu`al Participle מְנֻדָּח אֲקֵלָה Isa 8:22 thrust into darkness.
Hiph`il Perfect וְהִדִּיחַ consecutive 2Sa 15:14; הִדַּ֫חְתִּי Jer 23:3; Jer 29:14, etc.; Imperfect suffix וַיַּדַּח2Ch 21:11 + 2Ki 17:21 Qr; וַיַּדִּ֫יחוּ Deu 13:14, etc.; Imperative suffix הַדִּיחֵ֫מוֺ Psa 5:11; Infinitive הַדִּיחַ Psa 62:5, etc.; —
1 thrust, move, impel, figurative, object רָעָה 2Sa 15:14 (followed by עַלֿ.
2 thrust out, banish, especially of exile, subject ׳י, with accusative followed by שָׁ֫מָּה Deu 30:1; Jer 46:28; Jer 16:15 (|| הֶעֱלָה); followed by שָׁם Jer 8:3; Jer 24:9; Jer 29:18; Dan 9:7 + Eze 4:13 (omitted by ᵐ5 Co); Jer 23:3 (|| קִבֵּץ), Jer 23:8 (|| הֵבִיא הֶעֱלָה,) Jer 29:14 (|| הֵשֹׁיב קִבֵּץ,), so Jer 32:37; also Jer 27:10 (|| הַרְחִיק), Jer 27:15 (|| אָבַד), compare Jer 23:2 (Judah under figure of flock, subject evil shepherd, || הֵפִיץ), Jer 50:17 (Israel as sheep, subject enemies as lions); of driving out priests 2Ch 13:9; invader Joe 2:20 (followed by אֶלֿ); wicked Psa 5:11 (|| הַאֲשִׁימֵם); good man from his eminence Psa 62:5 (followed by מִן).
3 thrust away, aside, from ׳י to idolatry, with accusative, Deu 13:14; followed by מִןהַֿדֶּרֶךְ Deu 13:6; י ׳מֵעַל Deu 13:11; י ׳מֵאַחֲרֵי 2Ki 17:21 Qr (Kt see נדא); compare 2Ch 21:11 (|| הִזְנָה).
4 compel, force, subject adulteress (by flattery), followed by accusative Pro 7:21 (|| הִטָּה).
Hoph`al Participle מֻדָּח chased, hunted, מ ׳צְבִי Isa 13:14, simile of fugitive Babylonians.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 4 entries

High2 occurrences Unfaithful8 occurrences Move43 occurrences Happen1 occurrence

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0