מָרוֹם
mârôwm · H4791 · Hebrew · 54 occurrences
Meanings
-
high, upwards
A position of a relatively high elevation above the earth
Examples2 Kings 19:22 ‘Whom have you taunted and blasphemed? And against whom have you raised your voice, And haughtily raised your eyes? Against the Holy One of Israel!
Job 39:18 “When she rushes away on high, She laughs at the horse and his rider.
Psalm 75:5 Do not lift up your horn on high, Do not speak with insolent pride.’”
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high position, eminence
Literally: on high; hence: state in which humans or deities occupy a position of great eminence, either in their own eyes or in the eyes of others
ExamplesJob 5:11 So that He sets on high those who are lowly, And those who mourn are lifted to safety.
Psalm 73:8 They mock and wickedly speak of oppression; They speak from on high.
Psalm 92:8 But You, LORD, are on high forever.
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Exalted One
Literally: high (one); hence: a reference to God with focus on his extraordinary greatness
ExamplesPsalm 56:2 My enemies have trampled upon me all day long, For they are many who fight proudly against me.
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far
Literally: (too) high (for someone); hence: state in which certain things are unknown to humans
ExamplesPsalm 10:5 His ways succeed at all times; Yet Your judgments are on high, out of his sight; As for all his enemies, he snorts at them.
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height
Literally: height; hence: an elevated area, sometimes associated with security
ExamplesJudges 5:18 “Zebulun was a people who risked their lives, And Naphtali too, on the high places of the field.
2 Kings 19:23 ‘Through your messengers you have taunted the Lord, And you have said, “With my many chariots I went up to the heights of the mountains, To the remotest parts of Lebanon; And I cut down its tall cedars and its choicest junipers. And I entered its farthest resting place, its thickest forest.
Proverbs 8:2 On top of the heights beside the way, Where the paths meet, she takes her stand;
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on high
Literally: height; hence: the place in the highest heavens where God lives
Examples2 Samuel 22:17 “He sent from on high, He took me; He drew me out of many waters.
Isaiah 24:18 Then it will be that the one who flees the sound of terror will fall into the pit, And the one who climbs out of the pit will be caught in the snare; For the windows above are opened, and the foundations of the earth shake.
Isaiah 32:15 Until the Spirit is poured out upon us from on high, And the wilderness becomes a fertile field, And the fertile field is considered as a forest.
How it’s used In 8 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Whose, or of whatGenitive or possessive
16 occurrences in 12 groups
- יִשְׂרָאֵלIsrael 3
- Other words · 11 groups that occur once or twice (13) 13
Words describing itAdjectives, demonstratives, participles
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- רַבmany, great 1
Named alongside itApposition
3 occurrences in 2 groups
- כִּסֵּאthrone, seat 2
- חֲגָוclefts of rock 1
What it doesIt is the subject
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- אָמַלto languish 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- בָּצַרto gather (grapes) 1
What is said to be itIt is the predicate
5 occurrences in 5 groups
- מִשְׁפָּטjustice, judgment, ordinance 1
- נַפְתָּלִיNaphtali 1
- צְדָקָהrighteousness 1
- שָׂהֵדwitness 1
- אַתָּהyou 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
27 occurrences in 5 groups
- מִןfrom 18
- בin/on/with 17
- לto/for 10
- עַדto, as far as, until 1
- עַלon, upon, over, against 1
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
9 occurrences in 7 groups
- הַרmountain 3
- גַּףbody 1
- יָשַׁבto dwell, to live, to sit 1
- אֱלֹהִיםGod, gods 1
- צָבָאhost, army 1
- רֹאשׁhead, top, chief 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 3 words
- ὕψος hýpsos · G5311 · height, high, world above
- Greek ὕψος is the direct translation equivalent for Hebrew מָרוֹם, both denoting height or elevation in physical, spatial, and figurative-dignity senses.
- ὑψηλός hypsēlós · G5308 · high, tall, world above
- Greek ὑψηλός renders Hebrew מָרוֹם's core semantic field of physical elevation and figurative exaltation; both denote height/loftiness in spatial and metaphorical (dignity, pride) registers, making this a direct cross-linguistic equivalent.
- ὕψιστος hýpsistos · G5310 · high, world above, sky
- מָרוֹם (mârôwm, H4791) denotes physical or metaphorical height/elevation in general spatial and moral contexts, while ὕψιστος (hýpsistos, G5310) functions as a superlative adjective specifically denoting 'highest' with strong theological register (often substantivized as 'the Most High' = God) or celestial reference ('the heavens'), thus representing a narrower, more exalted subset of the Hebrew term's broader height-spectrum.
Semantic domains 5 entries
- High002001001035
- The word denotes height or elevation, as the high places of the field where Zebulun and Naphtali risked their lives, or the heights of the mountains Sennacherib boasted of scaling.
- Great002001002012
- The word can carry the sense of dignity or greatness, an eminence closely related to its literal sense of loftiness and height.
- Titles003001017
- This domain is not directly shown by the sampled citations, though the word's sense of loftiness underlies its use elsewhere as part of a divine title for God as the Most High.
- Non-Know002004002008
- This domain is not directly shown by the sampled citations, which describe physical or figurative height rather than any lack of knowledge or awareness.
- Landforms001002003
- The word denotes elevated terrain, as the heights of the mountains and the remotest parts of Lebanon that Sennacherib boasted of conquering.
Word family 11 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H4791. marom מָרוֺם noun masculineEcc 10:6 height (poetry); — absolute ׳מ Mic 6:6 +;…
מָרוֺם noun masculineEcc 10:6 height (poetry); — absolute ׳מ Mic 6:6 +; construct מְרוֺם 2Ki 19:23 +; plural מְרוֺמִים Isa 33:16 +; construct מְרוֺמֵי Jdg 5:18; suffix מְרוֺמָיו Job 25:2; —
1 height, elevation (concrete), elevated place: שָׂדֶה מְרוֺמֵי Job 5:18, מְרֹמִים בְּראֹשׁ Pro 8:2; שִׁבְתּוֺ מְרוֺם Obadiah 3 (compare Now), גִּבְעָה מְרוֺם in || Jer 49:16; ׳מ הָרִים top of mountains 2Ki 19:23 = Isa 37:24a, ׳מ קִצּוֺ Isa 37:24 b; ׳מ עֻזָּהּ Jer 51:53 (of Babylonian ); specifically of Zion, ׳מ Jes Jer 17:12, צִיּוֺן ׳מ Jer 31:12, מ ׳בְּהַר יִשְׂרָאֵל Eze 17:23; Eze 20:40, מ ׳בְּהָרֵי ׳יִשׂ Eze 34:14; indefinite, Hab 2:9 (in figurative), לְמ שְׁפָלִים ׳לָשׂוּם Job 5:11; רַבִּים בַּמְּרוֺמִים Esc Job 10:6 (of high office, rank; opposed to שֵׁפֶל); מָרוֺם ישְׁבֵי Isa 26:5, i.e. in (supposed) security, compare יִשְׁכֹּן מְרוֺמִים Isa 33:16 (|| סְלָעִים מְצָדוֺת); ׳לַמּ on high (German in die H-he) Psa 75:6, so ׳בַּמּ Job 39:18, adverb = in a high place Isa 22:16.
2 ׳מ alone = height of heaven: מָרוֺם אֱלֹהֵי Mic 6:6; 2Sa 22:17=Psa 18:17; Isa 24:21. 21; Isa 32:15; Isa 57:15; Isa 58:4; Lam 1:13; Psa 7:8; Psa 68:19; Psa 71:19; Psa 93:4; Psa 144:7, plural Job 25:2; || ׳מ קָדְשׁוֺ שָׁמַיִם, Psa 102:20 מְרוֺמִים Job 16:19; Psa 148:1; || קָדְשׁוֺ מְעוֺן Jer 25:30, || מָ֑עַל Job 31:2 (plural), opposed to אֶרֶץ מוֺסְדֵי Isa 24:18.; as predicate of ׳י Psa 92:9; compare Psa 10:5; as adverb (i.e. in heaven) Isa 33:5; ׳לַמּ towards heaven Isa 38:14; Isa 40:26; Isa 37:23 = 2Ki 19:22; ׳מִמּ in figure Psa 73:8 they speak (as if) from the sky, from heaven (i.e. so arrogantly).
3 ׳מ adverb figurative, = proudly Psa 56:3 (so Gei Hup-Now and others, compare Che, but dubious), Bae in high station; Du reads מַריוֺם (יוֺם to Psa 56:4; as dittograph?).
4 figurative of nobles (collective) עַםהָֿאָרֶץ מְרוֺם Isa 24:4.
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 5 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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