eRhema Explore
Word

רוּם

rûwm · H7313 · Aramaic · 4 occurrences

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Meanings

  1. to exalt

    Literally: to make high; hence: causative action by which humans or deities grant an elevated status to humans in the eyes of other people

    Examples

    Daniel 5:19 “Now because of the greatness which He granted him, all the peoples, nations, and populations of all languages trembled and feared in his presence; whomever he wished, he killed, and whomever he wished, he spared alive; and whomever he wished he elevated, and whomever he wished he humbled.

  2. to become proud

    Literally: (one's) heart becomes high; hence: process by which humans start to consider themselves greater than justified

    Examples

    Daniel 5:20 “But when his heart was arrogant and his spirit became so overbearing that he behaved presumptuously, he was deposed from his royal throne, and his dignity was taken away from him.

  3. to exalt, to praise

    Action by which humans acknowledge the elevated status of deities and give expression to that

    Examples

    Daniel 4:37 “Now I, Nebuchadnezzar, praise, exalt, and honor the King of heaven, for all His works are true and His ways just; and He is able to humble those who walk in pride.”

  4. to rebel

    Literally: to raise oneself up; hence: action by which humans refuse to accept someone else's authority

    Examples

    Daniel 5:23 but you have risen up against the Lord of heaven; and they have brought the vessels of His house before you, and you and your nobles, your wives, and your concubines have been drinking wine out of them; and you have praised the gods of silver and gold, of bronze, iron, wood, and stone, which do not see, nor hear, nor understand. But the God in whose hand are your life-breath and all your ways, you have not glorified.

How it’s used In 2 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

2 occurrences in 2 groups

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

1 occurrences in 1 groups

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 4 words
הָלַל hâlal · H1984 · to shine, to flash forth, to emit (light)
Both words share the sense of praise and exaltation: הָלַל (hâlal, H1984) means to celebrate, commend or glorify, and רוּם (rûwm, H7313) means to extol or lift up.
שָׁבַח shâbach · H7623 · to consider good, to consider fortunate, to commend
Both words can express praise and commendation, and overlap when רוּם (rûwm, H7313) is used in its "extol" sense, though רוּם (rûwm, H7313) also carries physical and spatial senses.
שָׂגַב sâgab · H7682 · high, to raise up against, to stir up against
רוּם (rûwm, H7313) רוּם "lift up (self), set up" and שָׂגַב (sâgab, H7682) שָׂגַב "exalt, be excellent, (be, set on) high, lofty, be safe, set up (on high), be too strong" share overlapping senses of height and exaltation, and both can express elevation or exaltation.
גָּאָה gâʼâh · H1342 · to grow, to become tall, to become high
Both words belong to the sense of height and overlap in the figurative sense of elevation and exaltation (גָּאָה (gâʼâh, H1342): "gloriously, triumph, be risen"; רוּם (rûwm, H7313): "extol, lift up self, set up"), in contexts of rising and exaltation.
Semantic domains 19 entries
High002001001035
This same clause in Daniel 4:37 — “I praise, exalt, and honor the King of heaven” — carries the shared lemma-cluster grouping's near-identical “to lift up; to raise” sense as well, since exalting the King of heaven is the same act as lifting Him up in honor.
Bear002003003003
This Bear code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to get; to receive” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never getting or receiving something.
Complicated002001003004
This Complicated code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “high; lofty” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never a literal complicated or lofty structure.
Confident002001002003
This Confident code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's idiomatic “to lift up (one's) head” = to find new courage sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never finding new courage or confidence.
Extraordinary002001003006
This Extraordinary code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to be esteemed” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never being esteemed as extraordinary.
Great002001002012
Daniel 5:23 recounts that Belshazzar “risen up against the Lord of heaven” rather than glorifying Him.
Hold002003001009
This Hold code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to take up; to remove” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never taking up or removing something bodily.
Whole002003001020
This Whole code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to set up; to restore” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never restoring something to wholeness.
Non-Engage002003003012
This Non-Engage code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to take away; to cease” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never ceasing or taking away an activity.
Praise002004001009009
Daniel 4:37 recounts that “I, Nebuchadnezzar, praise, exalt, and honor the King of heaven, for all His works are true and His ways just.”
Sacrifice002003002021
This Sacrifice code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to present” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never presenting an offering in sacrifice.
Safe002003003019
This Safe code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to rescue from death” and “to give victory” senses; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never rescuing from death or granting victory.
Shout002004001009005
This Shout code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “loudly; to speak loudly; to shout” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never shouting or speaking loudly.
Stage002001001060
This Stage code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to bring up” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never bringing something to a new stage.
Stance002001001061
This Stance code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's idiomatic “to raise (one's) hand” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never raising one's hand in that specific stance.
Engage002003003011
This Engage code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to arise (to act)” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never arising specifically to take some other action.
Unsafe002003003022
This Unsafe code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's idiomatic “uplifted arm” = threat with violence sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never an uplifted arm threatening violence.
Unwilling002001002031
This Unwilling code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to rebel” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never rebelling against authority.
Vow002004001009013
This Vow code is inherited from the shared lemma-cluster grouping's “to swear” sense; this word's own occurrences describe Nebuchadnezzar praising the King of heaven and later rising up in pride against the Lord of heaven, never swearing an oath or vow.
Word family 11 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

רוּם rûwm · H7311 · to be high, to become high, to mount up · 191×תְּרוּמָה tᵉrûwmâh · H8641 · gift, bribe, offering · 76×מָרוֹם mârôwm · H4791 · high, upwards, high position · 54×רוּם rûwm · H7312 · height, stature, haughtiness · 6×רוּם rûwm · H7314 · height · 5×רָמָה râmâh · H7413 · height, hill, high place · 5×רוּםrûwm · H7313רוֹם rôwm · H7315 · high · 1×רוֹמָה rôwmâh · H7317 · to walk haughtily, to walk proudly · 1×רָמוּת râmûwth · H7419 · refuse, trash · 1×תְּרוּמִיָּה tᵉrûwmîyâh · H8642 · special gift, special offering, spacial contribution · 1×

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0

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