eRhema Explore
Word

יָדָה

yâdâh · H3034 · Hebrew · 114 occurrences

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Meanings

  1. Literally: to confess (God's) name; hence: action by which humans publicly admit their own shortcomings before God, or the shortcomings of the people they represent (to confess (God's) name)

    Examples

    1 Kings 8:33 “When Your people Israel are defeated before an enemy because they have sinned against You, if they turn to You again and confess Your name and pray and implore Your favor in this house,

    1 Kings 8:35 “When the heavens are shut up and there is no rain because they have sinned against You, and they pray toward this place and praise Your name, and turn from their sin when You afflict them,

    2 Chronicles 6:24 “If Your people Israel are defeated before an enemy because they have sinned against You, and they return to You and praise Your name, and pray and plead before You in this house,

  2. to confess, to make confession

    Action by which humans publicly admit their own shortcomings before God, or the shortcomings of the people they represent

    Examples

    Leviticus 5:5 ‘So it shall be when he becomes guilty of one of these things, that he shall confess that in which he has sinned.

    Leviticus 16:21 “Then Aaron shall lay both of his hands on the head of the live goat, and confess over it all the wrongdoings of the sons of Israel and all their unlawful acts regarding all their sins; and he shall place them on the head of the goat and send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a man who stands ready.

    Leviticus 26:40 ‘But if they confess their wrongdoing and the wrongdoing of their forefathers, in their unfaithfulness which they committed against Me, and also in their acting with hostility against Me—

  3. to praise, to give praise

    Action by which humans openly express recognition of what someone else has done or achieved

    Examples

    Genesis 29:35 And she conceived again and gave birth to a son, and said, “This time I will praise the LORD.” Therefore she named him Judah. Then she stopped having children.

    Genesis 49:8 “As for you, Judah, your brothers shall praise you; Your hand shall be on the neck of your enemies; Your father’s sons shall bow down to you.

    2 Samuel 22:50 “Therefore I will give thanks to You, LORD, among the nations, And I will sing praises to Your name.

  4. to throw, to shoot

    Action by which an object, used as a weapon, is caused to move forcefully in a certain direction

    Examples

    Jeremiah 50:14 “Draw up your battle lines against Babylon on every side, All of you who bend the bow; Shoot at her, do not spare your arrows, For she has sinned against the LORD.

    Lamentations 3:53 They have silenced me in the pit And have thrown stones on me.

  5. to throw down

    Action or process by which something is caused to move forcefully to the ground, an image of loss of power

    Examples

    Zechariah 1:21 And I said, “What are these coming to do?” And he said, “These are the horns that have scattered Judah so that no one lifts up his head; but these craftsmen have come to frighten them, to throw down the horns of the nations who have lifted up their horns against the land of Judah in order to scatter it.”

How it’s used In 10 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

113 occurrences in 21 groups

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

64 occurrences in 13 groups

Second objectAs in “call him Lord”

1 occurrences in 1 groups

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

70 occurrences in 38 groups

With adverbsAdverbs

5 occurrences in 3 groups

What it doesIt is the subject

1 occurrences in 1 groups

What is done to itIt is the object

1 occurrences in 1 groups

What it is said to bePredicate

1 occurrences in 1 groups

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

5 occurrences in 2 groups

In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive

1 occurrences in 1 groups

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

In the other Testament 3 words
ἐξομολογέω exomologéō · G1843 · to agree to, to profess, to confess
Greek ἐξομολογέω emphasizes the outward acknowledgment or confession aspect of the Hebrew יָדָה's semantic range, commonly rendering contexts of confessing sin or openly acknowledging God's character, while the Hebrew root encompasses a broader field including thanksgiving and praise that Greek translators sometimes distributed across multiple lexemes (e.g., αἰνέω, ἀνθομολογέομαι).
αἰνέω ainéō · G134 · to praise, praise
Greek αἰνέω focuses specifically on verbal praise directed to God, while Hebrew יָדָה encompasses a broader semantic range including thanksgiving, confession, and praise, though both overlap substantially in contexts of liturgical praise and thanksgiving to God.
ἀνθομολογέομαι anthomologéomai · G437 · to thank, to give thanks to
ἀνθομολογέομαι (anthomologéomai, G437) ἀνθομολογέομαι specifically denotes responsive/reciprocal confession or praise (the ἀνθ- prefix marks the 'in turn' sense), representing a narrower register of יָדָה (yâdâh, H3034) יָדָה's broader praise/thanksgiving semantic range; the Greek term emphasizes the responsive character of the act where Hebrew יָדָה can denote praise/confession/thanksgiving more generally without that reciprocal nuance.
Semantic domains 3 entries
Speak002004001009008
יָדָה describes confessing, an audible acknowledgment of wrongdoing spoken aloud, as confessing sin over the scapegoat (Leviticus 5:5, 16:21, 26:40).
Praise002004001009009
The verb most commonly denotes giving thanks or praise, as Leah's naming of Judah in thankful praise to the LORD (Genesis 29:35).
Move002002001012
This entry carries no independent "Move" sense of its own; the overwhelming majority of יָדָה's 114 tagged occurrences (Genesis 29:35, Leviticus 5:5, 16:21, 26:40, and throughout the Psalms) denote praising, giving thanks, or confessing — verbal acts, not physical casting or shooting. The domain is bundle-shared with a related sense drawn from this root's rarer literal meaning.
Word family 3 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

יָדָהyâdâh · H3034תּוֹדָה tôwdâh · H8426 · confession, thansgiving, praise · 32×יְדָא yᵉdâʼ · H3029 · thank · 2×
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H3034. yadah [יָדָה] verb throw, cast (Arabic exeruit, emisit, II. IV. emisit (all now in…
H3034. yadah
[יָדָה] verb throw, cast (Arabic exeruit, emisit, II. IV. emisit (all now in special senses); Ethiopic throw, cast on or in (very often; compare ); where
Hiph`il give thanks, confess (originally acknowledge ?) is commonly derived, perhaps from gestures accompanying the act, see Thes LagOr. ii. 22, yet connection uncertain; Aramaic Pa`el וַדֵּי, Aph`el אוֺדִּי confess, , id.; but Ethiopic accuse, perhaps also from gesture; Palmyrene מודא render thanks, often in votive inscriptions, see Vog on No. 79; ומודא עבד VogNo. 101 = εὐχαρίστως ἀνέθηκε; יום כל מודן VogNo. 93. 1; **Palmyrene ידתא pious, read נה ירתא) SAC80 also IdJQ 1904, 593. ידתא pious VogNo. 29) —
Qal Imperative אֶלֿ יְדוּ shoot (arrows) at Jer 50:14 (read probably, with some Manuscripts יְרוּ).
Pi`el Imperfect בִּי וַיַּדּוּ Lam 3:53 and they cast (stones) on me; Infinitive יַדּוֺת Zec 2:4 to cast down (the horns of the nations).
Hiph`il (connection with ידה throw, obscure, yet see above) Perfect הוֺדוּ 1Ki 8:33 1Ki 8:3t.; הוֺדִינוּ Psa 75:2 (twice in verse); Imperfect יְהוֺדֶה Neh 11:17 (on form see Ges§ 53, R. 7); יוֺדֶה Psa 6:6; Psa 6:1singular suffix אֲהוֺדֶנּוּ Psa 28:7 (Gesl.c.); אוֺדֶנּוּ Psa 42:6; Psalm 42:12; Psa 43:5; plural יוֺדוּ Psa 99:3 Psa 99:6t.; suffix יְהוֺדוּךָ Psalm 45:18 (Gesl.c.); יוֺדֻךָ Psa 49:19, etc. + 41 t. Imperfect; Imperative הוֺדוּ Isa 12:4 16t.; הֹדוּ Psa 107:1; Infinitive הוֺדוֺת 1Ch 25:3 1Ch 25:11t.; הוֺדֹת Ezr 3:11; הֹדוֺת 1Ch 16:7 1Ch 16:4t. (see. Baer Psa 92:2); Participle מוֺדֶה Pro 28:13; plural מוֺדִים 1Ch 29:13; —
1 give thanks, laud, praise;
a. with accusative (1) of men, Judah Gen 49:8 (poetic play on name); Job (ironical) Job 40:14; the king Psalm 45:18; the rich Psa 49:19; (2) of ׳י, Gen 29:35 (J explanation name יהודה); elsewhere (mostly Psalms and Chronicles) of ritual worship (see LagOr. ii. 22 f.); object בי ׳שֵׁם Isa 25:1; Psa 44:9; Psalm 54:8; Psa 99:3; Psa 138:2; Psalm 142:8; י ׳מֶּלֶא Psa 89:6; יהוה Psalm 7:18; Psa 9:2; Psa 109:30; Psa 111:1; יָהּ Psa 118:10; suffix ךָ+? Psa 30:10; Psalm 30:13; Psa 35:18; Psa 43:4; Psalm 52:11; Psa 67:4 (twice in verse); Psa 67:6 (twice in verse); Psa 71:22; Psa 76:11; Psa 88:11; Psa 118:21, Psa 118:28; Psa 119:7; Psa 138:1; Psa 139:14; Isa 38:18-19, (song of Hezekiah); — Psa 42:6; Psalm 42:12; Psa 43:5; אֲהוֺדֶנּוּ מִשִּׁירִי Psa 28:7 with my song will I praise him; י ׳אוֺדְךָ I will praise thee ׳י 2Sa 22:50 = Psa 18:50 = Psa 108:4, Isa 12:1 (exilic hymn); אדני Psa 57:10; Psa 86:12, compare Psa 138:4; Psa 145:10.
b. followed by לְ only of the ritual worship: י ׳לְשֵׁם Psa 106:47 = 1Ch 16:35; Psa 122:4; Psalm 140:14; קָדְשׁוֺ לְזֵכֶר Psa 30:5; Psa 97:12; ׳לי 1Ch 16:4, 1Ch 16:7, 1Ch 16:41; 1Ch 23:30; 1Ch 25:3; 2Ch 5:13; 2Ch 7:6; 2Ch 20:22; Psa 33:2; Psa 92:2; Psa 105:1 = 1Ch 16:8 = Isa 12:4; לי ׳הודו טוב כי give thanks to ׳י for he is good Psa 106:1; Psa 107:1; Psa 118:1; Psa 118:29; Psa 136:1; 1Ch 16:34; so Jer 33:11 (followed by ׳אֶתיֿ); compare הוד(ו)ת2Ch 7:3; Ezr 3:11; לי ׳יודו חסדו Psa 107:8; Psa 107:15; Psa 107:21; Psa 107:31; לאלהים Neh 12:46; Psa 136:1; לאדני Psa 136:3; לאל Psa 136:26; suffixes referring to God: לְךָ Psa 6:6; Psa 79:13; Psa 119:62; לוֺ Psa 100:4; לך + אלהים Psa 75:2 (twice in verse); 1Ch 29:13; absolute 2Ch 31:2; Neh 11:17; Neh 12:24 all of the ritual worship.
2 confess,
a. the name of God, || התפלל התחנן, שׁוּב,, 1Ki 8:33, 1Ki 8:35 2Ch 6:24, 2Ch 6:26.
b. פשׁע עֲלֵי Psa 32:5 (|| כִסִּיתִי לֹא); וְעֹזֵב מוֺדֶה (פשׁעיו) Pro 28:13 confessing and forsaking (his transgressions; opposed to מְכַסֶּה).
Hithpa`el Perfect הִתְוַדָּה Lev 5:5; Lev 16:21; הִתְוַדּוּ Lev 26:40; Num 5:7; Imperfect1singular אֶתְוַדֶּה Dan 9:4; plural יִתְוַדּוּ Neh 9:2; Infinitive suffix הִתְוַדֹּתוֺ Ezr 10:1; Participle מִתְוַדֶּה Neh 1:6; Dan 9:20; plural מִתְוַדִּים2Ch 30:22; Neh 9:3; —
1 confess, absolute Ezr 10:1; Neh 9:3; Dan 9:4; with accusative עָוֺן Lev 16:21 (P), Lev 26:40 (H); חטאת Num 5:7 (P), Dan 9:20; חָטָא אֲשֶׁר Lev 5:5 (P); חטאות עַל Neh 1:6; Neh 9:2.
2 give thanks, ליהוה, in the ritual worship 2Ch 30:22.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0

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