Word

יָבֵשׁ

yâbêsh · H3001 · Hebrew · 59 occurrences

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Meanings

to dry up

Process by which objects containing liquid essential to their existence lose these liquids due to some external or internal cause

Examples
Genesis 8:7 and he sent out a raven, and it flew here and there until the water was dried up from the earth.
Genesis 8:14 And in the second month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month, the earth was dry.
Joshua 9:5 and worn-out and patched sandals on their feet, and worn-out clothes on themselves; and all the bread of their provision was dry and had become crumbled.
Process by which objects containing liquid essential to their existence are caused to lose these liquids due to some external or internal cause (to (cause to) dry up)

Examples
Joshua 2:10 “For we have heard how the LORD dried up the water of the Red Sea before you when you came out of Egypt, and what you did to the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon and Og, whom you utterly destroyed.
Joshua 4:23 “For the LORD your God dried up the waters of the Jordan before you until you had crossed, just as the LORD your God had done to the Red Sea, which He dried up before us until we had crossed;
Joshua 5:1 Now it came about when all the kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan to the west, and all the kings of the Canaanites who were by the sea, heard how the LORD had dried up the waters of the Jordan before the sons of Israel until they had crossed, that their hearts melted, and there was no spirit in them any longer because of the sons of Israel.
to dry up > to become weak

Process by which someone loses vital energy due to anxiety or some trouble

Examples
Psalm 22:15 My strength is dried up like a piece of pottery, And my tongue clings to my jaws; And You lay me in the dust of death.
Psalm 102:4 My heart has been struck like grass and has withered, Indeed, I forget to eat my bread.
Psalm 102:11 My days are like a lengthened shadow, And I wither away like grass.
to be dried up > weakened

Process by which someone is caused to lose vital energy due to anxiety or some trouble

Examples
Proverbs 17:22 A joyful heart is good medicine, But a broken spirit dries up the bones.

How it’s used In 6 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

57 occurrences in 35 groups

Not stated: he, she or it 13
Not stated: I 5
Not stated: they 4
חָצִירleek 3
יְהֹוָהthe LORD, YHWH 3
Other words · 30 groups that occur once or twice (32) 32

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

14 occurrences in 11 groups

מַיִםwater 3
Other words · 10 groups that occur once or twice (11) 11

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

11 occurrences in 11 groups

מִןfrom+ פָּנִיםface, presence, before 4
עַדto, as far as, until+ עָבַרto pass 3
Other words · 9 groups that occur once or twice (9) 9

With adverbsAdverbs

1 occurrences in 1 groups

לֹאnot 1

What is done to itIt is the object

4 occurrences in 2 groups

אָמַרto say 2
שָׁמַעto hear, to listen, to obey 2

After prepositionsPrepositional phrases

2 occurrences in 2 groups

עַדto, as far as, until 1
בin/on/with 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 2 words

חָרַב chârab · H2717 · to become dry, to dry up, to dry: Both words can describe drying up or withering, though each has additional, distinct senses.
צָמַק tsâmaq · H6784 · to dry up, to shrivel: Both lexemes can express dryness and are a plausible near-synonym pairing; יָבֵשׁ (yâbêsh, H3001) is polysemous (also “shame,” “wither,” “weak”), while צָמַק (tsâmaq, H6784) is narrowly and consistently glossed as “dry.”

In the other Testament 1 word

ξηραίνω xēraínō · G3583 · to dry out, to dry up, to wither: Greek ξηραίνω specifically denotes the physical process of drying/desiccation and its results (withering, shriveling), corresponding to the Hebrew יָבֵשׁ lexeme's core 'dry up/wither' sense rather than its extended shame/confounding senses.

Semantic domains 3 entries

Dry002001001021: יָבֵשׁ describes drying up or becoming dry, as the floodwaters drying up from the earth (Genesis 8:7) and the earth becoming dry after the flood (Genesis 8:14).
Weak002001001069: The drying this verb describes can carry a sense of withering or losing vitality, a weakening that parallels physical dryness.
Shame002001002025: The verb also extends figuratively to being ashamed or confounded, a withering of confidence or hope that parallels the drying up of moisture.

Word family 5 words

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

יָבֵשׁyâbêsh · H3001יַבָּשָׁה yabbâshâh · H3004 · dry ground · 14×יָבֵשׁ yâbêsh · H3002 · dry, dried · 9×יַבֶּשֶׁת yabbesheth · H3006 · dry ground · 2×יַבֶּשֶׁת yabbesheth · H3007 · earth · 1×

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H3001. yabesh I. יָבֵשׁ verb be dry, dried up, withered (Late Hebrew id. (rare), יְבֵישׁ…

H3001. yabesh
I. יָבֵשׁ verb be dry, dried up, withered (Late Hebrew id. (rare), יְבֵישׁ ᵑ7, chiefly Pa`al, Ithpe`el, Syriac ; Sabean, Palmyrene derivatives; Arabic ; Ethiopic ) —
Qal Perfect3masculine singular יָבֵשׁ Jos 9:5 Jos 9:8t.; וְיָבֵשׁ consecutive Isa 19:5+ 4 t.; 3 feminine singular יָבְשָׁה Gen 8:14; Gen 8:3plural יָבְשׁוּ Jer 23:10 Jer 23:2t.; יָבֵ֑שׁוּ Jer 50:38 Jer 50:2t.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִבַשׁ Isa 19:7; יִיבָ֑שׁ Jer 12:4; Job 8:12; וַיִּיבַשׁ 1Ki 17:7; וַיִּיבָ֑שׁ Jon 4:7; Jon 4:3feminine singular תִּיבַשׁ Eze 17:10; תִּיבָ֑שׁ Eze 17:10 Eze 17:3t., etc.; Infinitive construct (בִּ)יבשׁ Isa 27:11; יְבשֶׁת Gen 8:7; absolute יָבוֺשׁ Zec 11:17; יָבשׁ Eccl 17:10; —
1 be dry, dried up without moisture:
a. of bread Jos 9:5, Jos 9:12 (JE).
b. of ground lacking rain Amo 4:7, compare Amo 1:2 (of Carmel at utterance of ׳יs voice), Jer 23:10.
c. of earth after the flood Gen 8:14 (P), compare חָרֵב
d. of grass, herbage, trees and crops (already implied in
b. = wither Isa 15:6; Isa 19:7; Isa 27:11; Jer 12:4; Job 8:12; Joe 1:12; Jon 4:7; in simile of shortness of life Psa 90:6; Psa 102:12; Psa 129:6, see also Isa 40:7-8, (in these two || נָבֵל); of heart under figure of grass Psa 102:5; of Judah under figure of vine Eze 17:9 (twice in verse); Eze 17:10 (3 t. in verse), compare Eze 19:12; of princes under figure of tree Isa 40:24; of roots of Ephraim under figure of tree Hos 9:16, so of roots of wicked Job 18:16.
e. of hand, arm, dry up, wither, as judgment from ׳י, 1Ki 13:4; Zec 11:17 (twice in verse); in distress כֹּחִי כַּחֶרֶשׁ יָבֵשׁ Psa 22:16 my strength is dried up like the potsherd; of skin Lam 4:8, and (figurative) of bones Eze 37:11.
2 be dried up: of water Gen 8:7 (J), Isa 19:5; 1Ki 17:7; Jer 50:38; Joe 1:20; Job 12:15; Job 14:11.
Pi`el make dry, dry up, only Imperfect3masculine singular suffix וַיַּבְּשֵׁהוּ Nah 1:4 and hath made it dry (׳י, the sea); 3 feminine singular תְּיַבֵּשׁ Job 15:30 the flame shall dry up his branches (figurative of wicked); figurative תְּיַבֶּשׁנָּֿ֑רֶם Pro 17:22 a broken spirit maketh dry (the) bones.
Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הוֺבִישׁ Jos 2:10 Jos 2:3t. + Joe 1:10 (see below); חֹבִישׁ Eze 19:12 Eze 19:2t. Joel (see below); 3feminine singular הוֺבִישָׁה Joe 1:12 (see below); 2 masculine singular הוֺבַשְׁתָּ Psa 74:15; Psa 74:1singular הוֺבַשְׁתִּי Eze 17:24; וְהוֺבַשְׁתִּ֫י Jer 51:36; Jer 51:3plural וְהֹבִישׁוּ consecutive Zec 10:11; Imperfect1singular אוֺבִישׁ Isa 42:15 (twice in verse); Isa 44:27; — dry up, make dry:
1 dry up water, ׳י subject, Jos 2:10; Jos 4:23 (twice in verse); Jos 5:1 (all D), Jer 51:36 (|| הֶחֱרִיב), Isa 42:15; Isa 44:27 (חֳרָבִי in || clause), Psa 74:15.
2 make dry, wither: herbage, trees, crops, etc., of ׳י, Isa 42:15 (|| החריב); object Babylon under figure of tree Eze 17:24; of east wind's drying up Judah's fruit Eze 19:12.
3 exhibit dryness: of river-deeps laid bare Zec 10:11. — In like manner might be taken Joe 1:10, Joe 1:12 (twice in verse); Joe 1:17, if from יבשׁ; but the sense would be difficult, especially in Joe 1:10; Joe 1:12, and הֹבִישׁוּ Joe 1:11 must be from בּוֺשׁ, to which all these cases in Joel may be consistently assigned; see בּוֺשׁ.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 3 entries

Dry50 occurrences Weak4 occurrences Shame0 occurrences

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0