חָמָס

עֶוֶל ʻevel · H5766 · wrong, injustice, iniquity

Both lexemes denote moral wrongdoing or injustice in overlapping semantic space: חָמָס (châmâç, H2555) emphasizes violent or forceful wrongdoing, while עֶוֶל (ʻevel, H5766) emphasizes perverse or twisted injustice, though both function as terms for wrongdoing that could substitute for each other in many contexts.

ἀδικία adikía · G93 · unjust deed, unrighteousness, doing what is unjust

ἀδικία (adikía, G93) ἀδικία renders חָמָס (châmâç, H2555) חָמָס in LXX contexts where the Hebrew term's concrete violence/wrongdoing is cast in explicitly legal-moral categories of injustice and unrighteousness; both denote wrongful harm but Greek emphasizes the injustice quality while Hebrew emphasizes the violent act itself.

ἄδικος ádikos · G94 · unjust, unjustly, unrighteous

ἄδικος (ádikos, G94) ἄδικος emphasizes the moral/legal quality of being unjust or unrighteous (often describing persons or their character), while חָמָס (châmâç, H2555) חָמָס denotes the concrete acts of violence, injustice, or wrongdoing themselves (focusing on the deed/damage rather than the doer's state).

ἀσέβεια asébeia · G763 · to live in an ungodly manner, godlessness

ἀσέβεια (asébeia, G763) ἀσέβεια renders חָמָס (châmâç, H2555) חָמָס when the Hebrew violence/injustice denotes wickedness specifically in its dimension of impiety or ungodliness toward God, rather than merely interpersonal wrong or physical violence.

Ferocious002001002009

The word denotes violence as a hostile disposition or act, as in Genesis 6:11 and 6:13's description of the earth being filled with violence before the flood.

Wrong002001003019

The word denotes injustice or wrongdoing done to another, as in Genesis 16:5's complaint that a wrong had been done.

Unsafe002003003022

The word denotes conduct that endangers or harms others, matching the sense of oppression and violent dealing carried by the same root.

Objects001

The word can denote a physical implement associated with violent action, as in Genesis 49:5's description of swords as implements of violence.

Impact002001001024

The word can denote a violent physical blow or forceful act done against a person or thing, an act of violence in the concrete sense.

Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.