הָדַר
hâdar · H1921 · Hebrew · 7 occurrences
Meanings
-
splendid, glorious
State in which a deity inspires awe and respect in someone else
ExamplesIsaiah 63:1 Who is this who comes from Edom, With garments of glowing colors from Bozrah, This One who is majestic in His apparel, Marching in the greatness of His strength? “It is I, the One who speaks in righteousness, mighty to save.”
-
to behave arrogantly
Action by which humans behave as if they deserve awe and respect
ExamplesProverbs 25:6 Do not boast in the presence of the king, And do not stand in the same place as great people;
-
to favor, to give preference, to show respect, to show partiality
Literally: to respect (someone's) face; hence: action by which humans gives other humans a preferential treatment over other people
ExamplesLeviticus 19:15 ‘You shall not do injustice in judgment; you shall not show partiality to the poor nor give preference to the great, but you are to judge your neighbor fairly.
Leviticus 19:32 ‘You shall stand up in the presence of the grayheaded and honor elders, and you shall fear your God; I am the LORD.
Lamentations 5:12 Leaders were hung by their hands; Elders were not respected.
-
to favor, to give preference, to show respect, to show partiality
Action by which humans gives other humans a preferential treatment over other people
ExamplesExodus 23:3 nor shall you show favor to a poor person in his dispute.
How it’s used In 6 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
Who or what does itSubject
6 occurrences in 3 groups
- Not stated: you (one person) 4
- פָּנִיםface, presence, before 1
- Not stated (participle) 1
What it acts on, or what is saidObject
3 occurrences in 2 groups
- פָּנִיםface, presence, before 2
- דַּלpoor, weak 1
With prepositionsPrepositional phrases
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- בin/on/with+ לְבוּשׁclothing 1
- בin/on/with+ רִיבdispute, cause, strife 1
- לto/for+ פָּנִיםface, presence, before 1
With adverbsAdverbs
4 occurrences in 2 groups
- לֹאnot 3
- אַלnot, do not 1
Named alongside itApposition
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- זֶהthis 1
What is done to itIt is the object
1 occurrences in 1 groups
- יָשַׁרto make straight 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Near synonyms 1 word
- כָּבַד kâbad · H3513 · to be heavy, to be burdensome
- Both words overlap in the range of honor, glory and respect and can substitute for each other in contexts of bestowing or manifesting honor.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- Great002001002012
- This entry carries no greatness sense of its own that is independently attested distinct from its core honor/favor sense; the domain is bundle-shared. The genuine sense is covered under the honor/respect bullet below.
- Respect002001002024
- הָדַר denotes showing honor, favor, or partiality toward someone, as at Exodus 23:3 — "nor shall you show favor to a poor person in his dispute" — and Leviticus 19:32 — "honor elders."
- Partial002004002011
- This entry carries no partiality sense of its own that is independently attested distinct from its core honor/favor sense; the domain is bundle-shared. The genuine sense is covered under the honor/respect bullet above, which itself already carries the partiality nuance (Exodus 23:3, Leviticus 19:15).
Word family 6 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H1921. hadar הָדַר verb swell (?),honour, adorn, (Late Hebrew הִדֵּר adorn; Aramaic…
הָדַר verb swell (?),honour, adorn, (Late Hebrew הִדֵּר adorn; Aramaic הַדַּר Pa`el adorn, honor; perhaps all denominative; compare Palmyrene proper name, feminine הדירת ornata, honorata VogNo. 55; Arabic be of no account; but also ferbuit (vinum) & inflatus, tumens (venter)) —
Qal Perfect2masculine singular וְהָדַרְתָּ֫ Lev 19:32; Imperfect2masculine singular תֶּהְדַּר Exo 23:3; Lev 19:15; Passive participle הָדוּר Isa 63:1, pluralהֲדוּרִים Isa 45:2 (possibly ᵐ5 הררים ὄρη, compare Di, but see הר) —
1 swell, only passive participle plural Isa 45:2 (si vera lectio) in neuter sense, of hills, swelling places, swells of land (made level before Cyrus).
2 honour, pay honour to, followed by accusative; in good sense זָקֵן מְּנֵי וְהָדַרְתָּ Lev 19:32 (H) and thou shalt honour the face of an old man (|| תָּקוּם שֵׂיבָה מִמְּנֵי); in bad sense (of partiality, favouritism) גָדוֺל מְּנֵי תֶהְדַּר לֹא Lev 19:15 (H) (|| פְנֵידָֿל תִשָּׂא לֹא); compare בְּרִיבוֺ תֶּהְדַּר לֹא וְדַל Exo 23:3 (J E; either read גָּדֹל for ודל, — ו not needed at beginning of see, — so Kn SS and others, yet ᵐ5 πένητα; — or suppose balancing clause, as Lev 19:15, to have fallen out, compare Di).
3 adorn, only passive participle adorned, made splendid בִּלְבוּשׁוֺ הָדוֺר Isa 63:1.
Niph`al Perfect נֶהְדָּ֑רוֺ Lam 5:12 were (not) honoured, subject זְקֵנִים מְּנֵי.
Hithpa`el Imperfect jussive 2 masculine singular תִּתְהַדַּר Pro 25:6 honour oneself, i.e. claim honour.
[הֲדַר] verb Pa`el glorify God (ᵑ7 Syriac, Biblical Hebrew honour man); — Imperfect2masculine singular הַדַּ֑רְתָּ Dan 5:23, Dan 5:1singular הַדְּרֵת Dan 4:31; Participle active מְהַדַּר Dan 4:34 (all with ל person).
Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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