Word

דָּפַק

dâphaq · H1849 · Hebrew · 3 occurrences

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Meanings

to knock, to beat

Action by which someone strikes a surface noisily to attract attention

Examples
Judges 19:22 While they were celebrating, behold, the men of the city, certain worthless men, surrounded the house, pushing one another at the door; and they spoke to the owner of the house, the old man, saying, “Bring out the man who entered your house that we may have relations with him.”
Song of Solomon 5:2 “I was asleep but my heart was awake. A voice! My beloved was knocking: ‘Open to me, my sister, my darling, My dove, my perfect one! For my head is drenched with dew, My locks with the dew drops of the night.’
to be driven hard, to be overdriven

State in which people or animals are forced to exert more strength than they can handle

Examples
Genesis 33:13 But he said to him, “My lord knows that the children are frail and that the flocks and herds that are nursing are a matter of concern to me. And if they are driven hard just one day, all the flocks will die.

How it’s used In 3 roles

Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.

the word studied the word it goes with

Who or what does itSubject

3 occurrences in 3 groups

קוֹלvoice, sound 1
Not stated: they 1
Not stated (participle) 1

What it acts on, or what is saidObject

1 occurrences in 1 groups

הֶםthem 1

With prepositionsPrepositional phrases

1 occurrences in 1 groups

עַלon, upon, over, against+ דֶּלֶתdoor 1

When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.

MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Near synonyms 1 word

הָלַם hâlam · H1986 · to strike, to smash, to beat: הָלַם denotes striking or beating with force, overlapping with the impact sense of דָּפַק though typically implying more violent action.

In the other Testament 2 words

κρούω kroúō · G2925 · to knock: κρούω is the standard Greek verb for knocking on a door, matching the 'knock' sense of דָּפַק attested in Judges 19:22 and Songs 5:2.
τύπτω týptō · G5180 · to hit, to strike, to beat: τύπτω covers the 'beat' sense of דָּפַק, referring to striking or beating, applicable to the physical impact domain.

Semantic domains 2 entries

Impact002001001024: דָּפַק describes knocking, an action of physical striking against a surface, as the beloved knocks at the door in the Song of Solomon.
Engage002003003011: דָּפַק also carries the sense of overdriving or pressing hard, an intensified engagement or exertion applied to animals or people driven beyond their capacity, as Jacob describes his flocks being driven too hard.

Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew Lexicon H1849. daphaq [דָּפַק] verb beat, knock (Arabic pour out, also drive (beasts)) — Qal…

H1849. daphaq
[דָּפַק] verb beat, knock (Arabic pour out, also drive (beasts)) —
Qal Perf.3masculine plural suffix וּדְפָקוּם consecutive Gen 33:13, but read 1singular suffix ᵑ6 ᵐ5 וּדְפַקְתִּים Sam Di beat (in driving, drive severely or cruelly); Participle דּוֺפֵק Son 5:2 absolute knocking (at door).
Hithpa`el Participle עַלהַֿדָּ֑לֶת מִתְדַּמְּקִים Jdg 19:22 beat violently (beat themselves tired) against the door.

Brown, Driver and Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament (1906), public domain

Topical studies with this word 2 entries

Impact2 occurrences Engage1 occurrence

Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.

Sources

eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0