ᾅδης
háidēs · G86 · Greek · 10 occurrences
Meanings
-
the world of the dead, Hades
A place or abode of the dead, including both the righteous and the unrighteous (in most contexts ᾅδης is equivalent to the Hebrew term Sheol)
ExamplesMatthew 11:23 “And you, Capernaum, will not be exalted to heaven, will you? You will be brought down to Hades! For if the miracles that occurred in you had occurred in Sodom, it would have remained to this day.
Luke 10:15 “And you, Capernaum, will not be exalted to heaven, will you? You will be brought down to Hades!
Luke 16:23 “And in Hades he raised his eyes, being in torment, and saw Abraham far away and Lazarus in his arms.
-
death, power of death
(A figurative extension of meaning of ᾅδης Hades, as a personification of the power of Hades as the place of the dead)
ExamplesRevelation 6:8 I looked, and behold, an ashen horse; and the one who sat on it had the name Death, and Hades was following with him. Authority was given to them over a fourth of the earth, to kill with sword, and famine, and plague, and by the wild animals of the earth.
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death
(An idiom, literally: gates of Hades) Death as an impersonal supernatural power
ExamplesMatthew 16:18 “And I also say to you that you are Peter, and upon this rock I will build My church; and the gates of Hades will not overpower it.
How it’s used In 3 roles
Every occurrence, grouped by the words it is grammatically related to.
the word studied the word it goes with
What it doesIt is the subject
3 occurrences in 3 groups
- δίδωμιto give, to grant 1
- ἀκολουθέωto follow, to come behind, to go behind 1
- βάλλωto throw, to put 1
After prepositionsPrepositional phrases
5 occurrences in 3 groups
- εἰςto 4
- ἕωςuntil, to, as far as 4
- ἐνin 2
In phrases “… of it”It is the genitive
2 occurrences in 2 groups
- κλείςkey 1
- πύληdoor 1
When two words share a role, as in “Paul and Barnabas said”, the verse appears under each, so a section’s counts can add up to more than the number of occurrences.
MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
In the other Testament 1 word
- שְׁאוֹל shᵉʼôwl · H7585 · world of the dead
- Greek ᾅδης (Hades) serves as the standard LXX rendering of Hebrew שְׁאוֹל (Sheol), both denoting the underworld realm of the dead in their respective traditions; the alignment reflects direct translation equivalence across the two testaments' shared eschatological geography.
Semantic domains 3 entries
- The world of the dead, Hades1.19
- This proper name denotes the realm of the dead, as in Luke 16:23's account of the rich man who, in Hades, raised his eyes, being in torment.
- Death12.50
- The name also denotes death personified as an overpowering force, as in Matthew 16:18's promise that the gates of Hades will not overpower the church.
- Death, power of death23.108
- The name also denotes death's hold over the soul, as in Acts 2:27's quotation, "YOU WILL NOT ABANDON MY SOUL TO HADES, NOR WILL YOU ALLOW YOUR HOLY ONE TO UNDERGO DECAY."
Word family 25 words
Words formed from the same root. They share a form, not always a meaning.
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon ᾅδης,, ὁ (for the older Ἀΐδης, which Homer uses, and this from the alpha privative and…
1. a proper name, Hades, Pluto, the god of the lower regions; so in Homer always.
2. an appellative, Orcus, the nether world, the realm of the dead (cf: Theocritus, idyll. 2,159 schol. τήν τοῦ ᾅδου κρούει πύλην. τουτ' ἔστιν ἀποθανεῖται. In the Sept. the Hebrew שְׁאול is almost always rendered by this word (once by θάνατος, 2 Sam 22:6); it denotes, therefore, in Biblical Greek Orcus, the infernal regions, a dark (Job 10:21) and dismal place (but cf. γέεννα and παράδεισος) in the very depths of the earth (Job 11:8; Isa 57:9; Amos 9:2, etc.; see ἄβυσσος), the common receptacle of disembodied spirits: Lk 16:23; εἰς ᾅδου namely, δόμον, Acts 2:27, Acts 2:31, according to a very common ellipsis, cf. Winers Grammar, 592 (550) (Buttmann, 171 (149)); (but L T Tr WH in Acts 2:27 and T WH in both verses read εἰς ᾅδην; so the Sept. Psalm 15:10); πύλαι ᾅδου, Mt 16:18 (πυλωροί ᾅδου, Job 38:17; see πύλη); κλείς τοῦ ᾅδου, Rev 1:18; Hades as a power is personified, 1 Cor 15:55 (where L T Tr WH read θάνατε for R G ᾅδῃ (cf. Acts 2:24 Tr marginal reading)); Rev 6:8; Rev 20:13f. Metaphorically, ἕως ᾅδου καταβαίνειν or) καταβιβάζεσθαι to (go or) be thrust down into the depth of misery and disgrace: Mt 11:23 (here L Tr WH καταβαίνειν); Lk 10:15 (here Tr marginal reading WH text καταβαίνειν). (See especially Boettcher, De Inferis, under the word ἀϊδής in Greek index. On the existence and locality of Hades cf. Greswell on the Parables, Appendix, chapter x, vol. v, part ii, pp. 261-406; on the doctrinal significance of the word see the BB. DD. [Hades] and E. R. Craven in Lange on Revelation, pp. 364-377.)
Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (1889), public domain
Topical studies with this word 3 entries
Meanings adapted from the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament, © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0 and the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew (from the Semantic Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew), © United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0; MACULA Greek Linguistic Datasets, available at https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-greek/, licensed CC BY 4.0; MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets © 2022-2024 by Biblica, Inc., CC BY 4.0. Westminster Leningrad Codex (tanach.us). OpenScriptures Hebrew Bible morphology (hb.openscriptures.org), CC BY 4.0.
Sources
eRhema lexical overview, based on the UBS Dictionary of Biblical Hebrew and the UBS Dictionary of the Greek New Testament (© United Bible Societies, CC BY-SA 4.0) and Macula Hebrew and Greek (Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0); released under CC BY-SA 4.0
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